Removal of Cr(VI) Metal Cation by Electromembrane Extraction and Kinetic Analysis

Abstract

In our experiments, electromembrane extraction process applications were carried out under the influence of electric current for the disposal of Cr(VI) metal found in wastewater, and the transport of Cr(VI) metal cation was carried out efficiently. The reason for the use of electric field in the experiments is that the extraction of Cr(VI) is controlled and the transport takes place quickly. The ligands that will carry out the transport were determined as meso-octamethyl calix[4]pyrrole and oxime derivatives, and the parameters of these two ligands were compared. By examining the kinetic data at constant current and voltage, the concentration data of Cr(VI) metal from the samples taken from the supply and receiver phase cells at certain times from each variable were determined using UV-spectrophotometer. In the transport of Cr (VI) from the feed phase to the acceptor phase in a constant electric current, we used the polymer-containing membrane we synthesized (cellulose triacetate (CTA) as the polymer support material, 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether (2-NPOE) as the plasticizer. Rate constant (k), flow Various kinetic data such as velocity (J), permeability coefficient (P) and recovery factor (% RF) were calculated.As a result of the 100-minute test period, it was seen that 78.25% recovery was achieved and high efficiency in transport was achieved.As a result, EME- It has been determined that the permeability of Cr(VI) metal is high in PIM application.

Keywords

• Polymer inclusion membrane
• Electromembrane
• Meso-Octamethyl Calyx[4]Pyrrol

Cr(VI) Metal Katyonunun Elektromembran Ekstraksiyonu ile Uzaklaştırılması ve Kinetik Olarak İncelenmesi

Abstract

Yaptığımız deneylerde atık sularda rastlanan Cr(VI) metalinin bertaraf için elektrik akımı etkisi altında elektromembran ekstraksiyonu prosesi uygulamaları gerçekleştirilmiş ve Cr(VI) metal katyonunun taşınımı verimli şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan deneylerde elektriksel alan kullanımın sebebi Cr(VI)’nın ekstraksiyonunun kontrolünün sağlanarak transportun hızlı şekilde gerçekleşmesidir. Taşımayı gerçekleştirecek ligandlar mezo-oktametil kaliks[4]pirol ve oksim türevi olarak belirlenerek söz konusu iki ligandın parametrelerinin karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Sabit akımda ve voltajda kinetik veriler incelenerek her bir değişkenden belirli zamanlarda besleme ve alıcı faz hücrelerinden alınan numunelerden Cr(VI) metalinin konsantrasyon verileri UV-spektrofotometresi kullanılarak tespit edilmiştir. Sabit elektrik akımında Cr (VI)’nın besleme fazdan alıcı faza transportunda sentezlediğimiz polimer içerikli membran kullanarak polimer destek malzemesi olarak selüloz triasetat (CTA), plastikleştirici olarak 2-nitrofeniloktil eter (2-NPOE) kullanılmıştır. Hız sabiti (k), akış hızı (J) , geçirgenlik katsayısı (P) ve geri kazanım faktörü (% RF) gibi çeşitli kinetik dataları hesaplanmıştır. 100 dakikalık deney süresi sonucunda %78,25 geri kazanım elde edilerek transportda yüksek verim elde edildiği görülmüştür. Sonuçta kısa sürede EME-PIM (elektromembran-polimer içerikli membran) uygulamasında Cr(VI) metalinin geçiriminin yüksek bir şekilde sağlandığı saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• Polimer içerikli membran
• Elektromembran
• Mezo-Oktametil Kaliks[4]Pirol

References

1. [1] B. Keskin, B. Zeytuncu-Gökoğlu, and I. Koyuncu, “Polymer inclusion membrane applications for transport of metal ions: A critical review,” Chemosphere, vol. 279, 2021
2. [2] N. S. Abdul-Halim, N. F. Shoparwe, S. K. Weng, and N. S. W. Zulkefeli, “Heavy metal ions adsorption from CTA-aliquat 336 polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs): Experimental and kinetic study,” AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 2124, no. July, 2019
3. [3] N. Abdullah, N. Yusof, W. J. Lau, J. Jaafar, and A. F. Ismail, “Recent trends of heavy metal removal from water/wastewater by membrane technologies,” J. Ind. Eng. Chem., vol. 76, pp. 17–38, 2019
4. [4] C. Zhao et al., “A hybrid process of coprecipitation-induced crystallization-capacitive deionization-ion exchange process for heavy metals removal from hypersaline ternary precursor wastewater,” Chem. Eng. J., vol. 378, no. 180, p. 122136, 2019
5. [5] M. M. Matlock, B. S. Howerton, and D. A. Atwood, “Chemical precipitation of heavy metals from acid mine drainage,” Water Res., vol. 36, no. 19, pp. 4757–4764, 2002
6. [6] Q. Zhang et al., “Cumulative effects of pyrolysis temperature and process on properties, chemical speciation, and environmental risks of heavy metals in magnetic biochar derived from coagulation-flocculation sludge of swine wastewater,” J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 8, no. 6, p. 104472, 2020
7. [7] U. Upadhyay, I. Sreedhar, S. A. Singh, C. M. Patel, and K. L. Anitha, “Recent advances in heavy metal removal by chitosan based adsorbents,” Carbohydr. Polym., vol. 251, no. August 2020, p. 117000, 2021
8. [8] R. Shrestha et al., “Technological trends in heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater: A review,” J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 105688, 2021

9. [9] M. I. G. S. Almeida, R. W. Cattrall, and S. D. Kolev, “Polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) in chemical analysis - A review,” Anal. Chim. Acta, vol. 987, pp. 1–14, 2017
10. [10] D. Rana, T. Matsuura, M. Kassim, and A. Ismail, “Reverse Osmosis Membrane,” Handb. Membr. Sep., pp. 35–52, 2015
11. [11] A. Kaya, C. Onac, and H. K. Alpoguz, “A novel electro-driven membrane for removal of chromium ions using polymer inclusion membrane under constant D.C. electric current,” J. Hazard. Mater., 2016
12. [12] G. ÇALIK, A. AYTAÇ, and H. K. ALPOĞUZ, “DESTEKLİ Sivi Membranlarİle Cr(Vi) Metal Katyonunun ElektromembranEkstraksi̇yonu,” Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilim. Derg. Part C Tasarım ve Teknol., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 696–707, 2020
13. [13] Y.-Y. Y. Wang et al., “Supporting Information for Cu 2 + ) Complexes for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017
14. [14] J. Li, R. Zhu, X. Shen, C. Huang “Functional materials and chemicals in electromembrane extraction” TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry Volume 150, May 2022
15. [15] K. V. Shestakov and S. I. Lazarev, “Method for Calculating Rational Process Parameters for Electromembrane Purification of Industrial Solutions and Waste Water in the Chemical Industry,” Chem. Pet. Eng., vol. 55, no. 1–2, pp. 63–67, 2019
16. [16] G. Çalık, A. Kaya, C. Onac, A. Aytaç, and H. K. Alpoguz, “Kinetıc analysıs of Cr(VI) transport wıth electromembrane processes,” J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 662–667, 2022
17. [17] S. Pedersen-Bjergaard and K. E. Rasmussen, “Electrokinetic migration across artificial liquid membranes: New concept for rapid sample preparation of biological fluids,” J. Chromatogr. A, vol. 1109, no. 2, pp. 183–190, 2006
18. [18] E. Fernández, L. Vårdal, L. Vidal, A. Canals, A. Gjelstad, and S. Pedersen-Bjergaard, “Complexation-mediated electromembrane extraction of highly polar basic drugs—a fundamental study with catecholamines in urine as model system,” Anal. Bioanal. Chem., vol. 409, no. 17, pp. 4215–4223, 2017
19. [19] L. E. E. Eibak, A. Gjelstad, K. E. Rasmussen, and S. Pedersen-Bjergaard, “Kinetic electro membrane extraction under stagnant conditions-Fast isolation of drugs from untreated human plasma,” J. Chromatogr. A, vol. 1217, no. 31, pp. 5050–5056, 2010
20. [20] S. Asadi, H. Tabani, and S. Nojavan, “Application of polyacrylamide gel as a new membrane in electromembrane extraction for the quantification of basic drugs in breast milk and wastewater samples,” J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., vol. 151, pp. 178–185, 2018
21. [21] C. Huang, A. Gjelstad, and S. Pedersen-Bjergaard, “Organic solvents in electromembrane extraction: Recent insights,” Rev. Anal. Chem., vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 169–183, 2016, doi: 10.1515/revac-2016-0008.
22. [22] M. Amini, A. Rahbar-Kelishami, M. Alipour, and O. Vahidi, “Supported liquid membrane in metal ion separation: An overview,” J. Membr. Sci. Res., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 121–135, 2018
23. [23] P. Venkateswaran, A. N. Gopalakrishnan, and K. Palanivelu, “Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid-coconut oil supported liquid membrane for the separation of copper ions from copper plating wastewater,” J. Environ. Sci., vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1446–1453, 2007
24. [24] P. R. Danesi, L. Reichley-Yinger, C. Cianetti, and P. G. Rickert, “Separation of Cobalt and Nickel by Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Supported Liquid Membranes with Di(2,4,4-Trimethylpentyl)Phosphinic Acid [Cyanex 272],” Solvent Extr. Ion Exch., vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 781–814, 1984
25. [25] P. R. Danesi, Separation Science and Technology Separation of Metal Species by Supported Liquid Membranes, no. May 2013. 2006.
26. [26] N. Drouin, P. Kubáň, S. Rudaz, S. Pedersen-Bjergaard, and J. Schappler, “Electromembrane extraction: Overview of the last decade,” TrAC - Trends Anal. Chem., vol. 113, pp. 357–363, 2019
27. [27] L. D. Nghiem, P. Mornane, I. D. Potter, J. M. Perera, R. W. Cattrall, and S. D. Kolev, “Extraction and transport of metal ions and small organic compounds using polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs),” J. Memb. Sci., vol. 281, no. 1–2, pp. 7–41, 2006