Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance

Ertuğrul Kaya

doi:10.29130/dubited.1501022

TR EN

Metal İşleme Sıvısında Kullanılan Bitkisel Yağ Bazlı Ester Sentezi ve Tribolojik Performansı

Abstract

Bitkisel bazlı hammaddelerden elde edilen yağlayıcılar, daha kolay ve daha hızlı biyolojik olarak parçalanabilmeleri, petrokimyasal hammaddelere bağımlılığı azaltmaları ve yeni sentez süreçleri yaratmaları nedeniyle çevre dostu ve yenilenebilir esterlerin geliştirilmesi için büyük bir potansiyel sunmaktadır. Çevresel düzenlemelerin artan yükü ve petrol türevi hammaddelerin tükenmesi, birçok endüstriyi doğal hammaddelere dayalı ürünleri tercih etmeye yöneltmiştir. Bu olumlu etkiler nedeniyle, bitkisel yağ bazlı esterler son zamanlarda endüstriyel kullanım için potansiyel adaylar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen doğal bir hammadde kaynağı olan pamuk tohumu yağından ester sentezi, izopropil alkol ile transesterifikasyon yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sentezlenen esterin yapısı GC-FID ve FTIR ile aydınlatılmış ve esterin asit sayısı, sabunlaşma sayısı, viskozitesi ve yoğunluğu gibi önemli fiziksel parametreleri incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen izopropil pamuk tohumu yağı esteri, %2, %4 ve %6 konsantrasyonlarında sentetik bir metal işleme sıvısı formüle etmek için kullanılmıştır. Formüle edilen metal işleme sıvısının tribolojik özellikleri Reichert testi ve talaşlı korozyon testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sentetik metal işleme sıvısına %6 izopropil pamuk tohumu yağı esteri ilavesinin en iyi tribolojik özellikleri sergilediği bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Pamuk yağı, Metal işleme sıvısı, Transesterifikasyon, Triboloji.

Supporting Institution

3-S Mühendislik Müşavirlik San. ve Tic. A.Ş.

Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance

Abstract

Lubricants derived from plant-based raw materials offer great potential for the development of environmentally friendly and renewable esters due to their easier and faster biodegradability, reducing dependence on petrochemical raw materials and creating new synthesis processes. The increasing burden of environmental regulations and the depletion of petroleum-derived raw materials have prompted many industries to opt for products based on natural raw materials. Due to these positive effects, vegetable oil-based esters have recently been considered as potential candidates for industrial use. In this context, ester synthesis from cottonseed oil, a natural biodegradable raw material source, was carried out by transesterification with isopropyl alcohol. The structure of the synthesized ester was elucidated by GC-FID and FTIR and important physical parameters such as acid number, saponification number, viscosity and density of the ester were investigated. The synthesized isopropyl cottonseed oil ester was used to formulate a synthetic metalworking fluid at concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6%. The tribological properties of the formulated metalworking fluid were evaluated using the Reichert test and the chip corrosion test. It was found that the addition of 6% isopropyl cottonseed oil ester to the synthetic metalworking fluid exhibited the best tribological properties.

Keywords

Cottonseed oil, Metalworking fluid, Transesterification, Tribology.

Supporting Institution

This work is supported by 3-S Engineering R&D Department (Project no: PTZ-10 and PTZ-15).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions, Tribology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ertuğrul Kaya ^*
0000-0003-1579-6411
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 30, 2025

Submission Date

June 13, 2024

Acceptance Date

November 2, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 13 Number: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1501022

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA78BS56EP

APA

Kaya, E. (2025). Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 13(1), 430-442. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1501022

AMA

1.Kaya E. Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance. DUBİTED. 2025;13(1):430-442. doi:10.29130/dubited.1501022

Chicago

Kaya, Ertuğrul. 2025. “Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 13 (1): 430-42. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1501022.

EndNote

Kaya E (January 1, 2025) Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 13 1 430–442.

IEEE

[1]E. Kaya, “Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance”, DUBİTED, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 430–442, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1501022.

ISNAD

Kaya, Ertuğrul. “Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 13/1 (January 1, 2025): 430-442. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1501022.

JAMA

1.Kaya E. Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance. DUBİTED. 2025;13:430–442.

MLA

Kaya, Ertuğrul. “Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 1, Jan. 2025, pp. 430-42, doi:10.29130/dubited.1501022.

Vancouver

1.Ertuğrul Kaya. Synthesis of Plant-Based Ester for Metalworking Fluids and Tribological Performance. DUBİTED. 2025 Jan. 1;13(1):430-42. doi:10.29130/dubited.1501022

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