Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir

Mustafa Serhan Ünlütürk; Resul Özlük

doi:10.29130/dubited.1749656

TR EN

Eğitim Yapılarında Gün Işığının Doğal Elemanlarla Kontrolü: Balıkesir Örneği

Abstract

Öğrenme sürecinin gerçekleştiği ve çok sayıda kullanıcıya hitap eden dersliklerde iç mekan görsel konforu ve enerji verimliliği kullanıcı sağlığı ve akademik başarı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Sınıflarda gün ışığının iç mekanda homojen dağılımının sağlanması eğitim yapılarının tasarımı sırasında başa çıkılması gereken önemli bir problemdir. Bu problemin önüne geçebilmek adına tasarımcılar bina kabuğunda güneş kırıcı elemanlar, panjur gibi yapay elemanlar kullanmaktadır. Bu elemanlar üretilirken çevreye karbon emisyonu gerçekleşmekte, kullanım ömrünü tamamladığında ise doğaya karışmamaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları (AB SKA) kapsamında 2050 yılına kadar kentlerin net sıfır emisyonlu olması hedefi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu elemanlardan kaynaklanacak emisyonların en aza indirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışma, eğitim yapılarında iç mekana alınacak gün ışığını kontrol altına almak amacıyla peyzaj alanındaki bitkilendirmenin önemine dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Çalışma amacı kapsamında Balıkesir Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi’ndeki birbiri ile özdeş iki farklı dersliği alan çalışması olarak ele almıştır. Kuzey doğu yönelimli D1 dersliğinin önünde bir peyzaj alanı bulunmazken güney batı yönelimli D2 dersliğinin önünde bitkilendirmenin olduğu bir peyzaj alanı bulunmaktadır. Çalışma, gün içerisinde bu dersliklerdeki gün ışığı dağılımını incelemek ve peyzajın iç mekan gün ışığı performansına etkilerini değerlendirmek adına 21 Haziran gün dönümünde aydınlık ölçer ile 9.30, 12.30 ve 15.30 saatlerinde yerinde noktasal ölçümler gerçekleştirmiştir. Ölçüm sonuçlarına göre kuzey doğu yönelimli D1 sınıfında sabah saatlerinde pencere yakınlarında oldukça yüksek aydınlık düzeyi seviyeleri tespit edilirken, penceresinin önünde bitkilendirmeye sahip olan D2 sınıfında gün boyunca homojen gün ışığı dağılımı bulunmaktadır. Çalışma, gelecek çalışmalarda eğitim yapılarında bitkilendirme ile iç mekana gün ışığının kontrollü bir şekilde alınması için optimizasyon yöntemlerinin kullanılabileceğine dikkat çekmektedir.

Keywords

gün ışığı, gün ışığı performansı, eğitim yapılarında gün ışığı performansı, AB SKA 4, AB SKA 11

Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir

Abstract

In classrooms, where the learning process takes place and which cater to many users, indoor visual comfort and energy efficiency are essential for user health and academic success. Ensuring the homogeneous distribution of daylight indoors in classrooms is a significant problem that must be addressed during the design of educational buildings. To address this issue, designers use artificial elements such as shading and louvres in the building envelope. However, producing these elements results in carbon emissions, and they do not decompose naturally once their lifespan is over. Considering the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDG) target of achieving net-zero emissions in cities by 2050, it is necessary to minimise emissions from these elements. Within this scope, the study aims to highlight the importance of landscaping in educational buildings to control the amount of natural light entering indoor spaces. Within the scope of the study, two identical classrooms at Balıkesir University Faculty of Architecture were examined. While there is no landscape area in front of the northeast-facing D1 classroom, there is a landscaped area with vegetation in front of the southwest-facing D2 classroom. The study examined the distribution of daylight in these classrooms during the day. It evaluated the effects of the landscape on the daylight performance of the interior spaces by conducting on-site point measurements with a light meter at 9:30, 12:30, and 15:30 on 21 June, the summer solstice. According to the measurement results, the northeast-facing D1 classroom had relatively high illuminance near the windows in the morning. In contrast, the D2 classroom had plants in front of its windows and had a homogeneous daylight distribution throughout the day. The study highlights that optimisation methods can be used in future studies to control the amount of daylight entering the interior of educational buildings through landscaping.

Keywords

Daylighting, Daylight performance, Daylight performance in educational buildings, UN SDG 4, UN SDG 11

Supporting Institution

This research received no external funding.

Ethical Statement

This study does not involve human or animal participants. All procedures followed scientific and ethical principles, and all referenced studies are appropriately cited.

Thanks

The authors do not wish to acknowledge any individual or institution.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Sustainable Architecture

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mustafa Serhan Ünlütürk ^*
0000-0001-8368-4169
Türkiye

Resul Özlük
0000-0001-8309-2980
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 19, 2026

Submission Date

July 24, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 14 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1749656

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA42GU79KD

APA

Ünlütürk, M. S., & Özlük, R. (2026). Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 14(2), 426-436. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1749656

AMA

1.Ünlütürk MS, Özlük R. Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir. DUBİTED. 2026;14(2):426-436. doi:10.29130/dubited.1749656

Chicago

Ünlütürk, Mustafa Serhan, and Resul Özlük. 2026. “Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings With Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 (2): 426-36. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1749656.

EndNote

Ünlütürk MS, Özlük R (April 1, 2026) Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 2 426–436.

IEEE

[1]M. S. Ünlütürk and R. Özlük, “Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir”, DUBİTED, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 426–436, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1749656.

ISNAD

Ünlütürk, Mustafa Serhan - Özlük, Resul. “Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings With Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14/2 (April 1, 2026): 426-436. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1749656.

JAMA

1.Ünlütürk MS, Özlük R. Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir. DUBİTED. 2026;14:426–436.

MLA

Ünlütürk, Mustafa Serhan, and Resul Özlük. “Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings With Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 14, no. 2, Apr. 2026, pp. 426-3, doi:10.29130/dubited.1749656.

Vancouver

1.Mustafa Serhan Ünlütürk, Resul Özlük. Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir. DUBİTED. 2026 Apr. 1;14(2):426-3. doi:10.29130/dubited.1749656

Eğitim Yapılarında Gün Işığının Doğal Elemanlarla Kontrolü: Balıkesir Örneği

Abstract

Keywords

Control of Daylight in Educational Buildings with Natural Elements: The Case of Balikesir

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite