Fiber Optik Fabry-Perot Akustik Sensörler için Yeni Bir Diyafram Malzemesi Olarak 2D GaSe Benzetimi

Abstract

Algılanacak akustik/basınç sinyalinin şiddet ve frekans değerine duyarlı uçlar üretmek diyafram tasarımının doğru yapılmasıyla sağlanır. Kullanılan diyafram malzemesinin hem geometrik boyutları hem de yapısal özellikleri (yoğunluk, Young modülü, Poisson oranı gibi) sensör performansını etkileyen unsurlardır. Bu durumdan ötürü literatürde farklı tipte diyafram malzemeleri araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada diyafram tabanlı fiber optik Fabry-Perot (FP) akustik sensörlerde kilit rol oynayan diyafram performansı üzerine hesaplamalar verilmiştir. Hesaplamalarda diyafram olarak grafen benzeri iki boyutlu (2D) Galyum Selenit (GaSe) kullanılmıştır. 2D malzemeler sınıfına ait GaSe malzemesi fiber optik FP akustik sensör uç tasarımında diyafram olarak ilk defa hesaplanmış ve benzetim yoluyla sensör ucunun performansı teorik olarak elde edilmiştir. Teorik hesaplamalar ve benzetimler neticesinde 2D GaSe malzemesi fiber optik FP akustik sensör uç üretiminde diyafram olarak kullanılabileceği öngörülmüştür. Oluşturulan uçların frekans cevapları ve akustik basınca duyarlılığı teorik olarak hesaplanmış ve literatürde kullanılan diğer geleneksel malzemelerden elde edilen sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılarak verilmiştir. Sensör görünürlüğü ve frekansı açısından GaSe malzemesinin kullanım alanına göre alternatifler sunduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

• Akustik algılama
• Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometresi
• Galyum Selenit (GaSe)
• Fiber Optik Sensör

A New Diaphragm Material for Fiber Optic Fabry-Perot Acoustic Sensors with 2D GaSe

Abstract

In order to produce tips which is sensitive to the intensity and frequency of the acoustic/pressure signal suitable diaphragm design is essential. Both the geometric dimensions and the structural properties (density of material, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio) of diaphragm materials are affecting the sensor performance. Therefore different types of diaphragm materials are being investigated in the literature. In this study, the performance of diaphragm-based fiber optic Fabry-Perot (FP) acoustic sensors is discussed. Twodimensional (2D) Gallium Selenide (GaSe) like graphene were used as diaphragms in the calculations. Family of 2D materials like GaSe was firstly calculated as diaphragm material in the fiber optic FP acoustic sensor tip design and the performance of the sensor tip was theoretically simulated. As a result of theoretical calculations and simulations, it is predicted that 2D GaSe material could be used by production of fiber optic FP sensors as a diaphragm material. The frequency responses and the acoustic pressure sensitivity of the designed tips are theoretically calculated and compared with tips produced conventional materials in the literature. In terms of sensor visibility and frequency response, it has been shown that GaSe offers alternatives depending on the field of use.

Keywords

• Acoustic detection
• Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer
• Gallium selenide (GaSe)
• fiber optic sensor

References

1. [1] E. Udd, Fiber Optic Smart Structure Technology- Fiber Optic Smart Structures, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., (Wiley Series in Pure and Applied Optics), USA, New York, 1995, ss. 5-21.
2. [2] F. T. S. Yu, S. Yin, “Fiber Optic Sensors Based Upon the Fabry-Perot Interferometer” Fiber Optic Sensors, Marcel Dekker Inc., USA, New York, 2002, böl. 2, s. 76, ss. 41-74.
3. [3] T. W. Kao, ve H. F. Taylor, “High-Sensitivity Intrinsic Fiber-Optic Fabry–Perot Pressure Sensor,” Optics Letters, c. 21, s. 8, ss. 615-617, 1996.
4. [4] S. Avino, J. A. Barnes, G. Gagliardi, X. Gu, D. Gutstein, J. R. Mester ve H. P. Loock, “Musical Instrument Pickup Based on a Laser Locked to an Optical Fiber Resonator,” Optics Express, c. 19, s. 25, ss. 25057-25065, 2011.
5. [5] Y. Wang, D. N. Wang, C. Wang, ve T. Hu, “Compressible Fiber Optic Micro-Fabry-Pérot Cavity with Ultra-High Pressure Sensitivity,” Optics Express, c. 21, s. 12, ss. 14084-14089, 2013.
6. [6] G. Beheim, K. Fritsch, ve R. N. Poorman, “Fiber-Linked Interferometric Pressure Sensor,” Review of Scientific Instruments, c. 58, s. 9, ss. 1655-1659, 1987.
7. [7] C. Li, X. Gao, T. Guo, J. Xiao, S. Fan, ve W. Jin, “Analyzing the Applicability of Miniature Ultra-High Sensitivity Fabry–Perot Acoustic Sensor Using a Nanothick Graphene Diaphragm,” Measurement Science and Technology, c. 26, s. 8, ss. 085101, 2015.
8. [8] F. Guo, T. Fink, M. Han, L. Koester, J. Turner, ve J. Huang, “High-Sensitivity, High-Frequency Extrinsic Fabry–Perot Interferometric Fiber-Tip Sensor Based on a Thin Silver Diaphragm,” Optics Letters, c. 37, s. 9, ss. 1505-1507, 2012.

9. [9] G. C. Hill, R. Melamud, F. E. Declercq, A. A. Davenport, I. H. Chan, P. G. Hartwell, ve B. L. Pruitt, “SU-8 MEMS Fabry-Perot Pressure Sensor,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, c. 138, s. 1, ss. 52-62, 2007.
10. [10] J. Ma, W. Jin, H. L. Ho., ve J. Y. Dai, “High-Sensitivity Fiber-Tip Pressure Sensor with Graphene Diaphragm,” Optics Letters, c. 37, s. 13, ss. 2493-2495, 2012.
11. [11] W. Wang, N. Wu, Y. Tian, C. Niezrecki, ve X. Wang, “Miniature All-Silica Optical Fiber Pressure Sensor with an Ultrathin Uniform Diaphragm,” Optics Express, c. 18, s. 9, 9006-9014, 2010.
12. [12] J. Deng, “Development of novel optical fiber interferometric sensors with high sensitivity for acoustic emission detection,” Doctoral dissertation, Electrical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, ABD, 2004.
13. [13] B. Yu, A. Wang, ve G. R. Pickrell, “Analysis of Fiber Fabry-Pérot Interferometric Sensors Using Low-Coherence Light Sources,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, c. 24,s. 4, ss. 1758, 2006.
14. [14] B. Yu, D. W. Kim, J. Deng, H. Xiao ve A. Wang, “Fiber Fabry-Perot Sensors for Detection of Partial Discharges in Power Transformers,” Applied Optics, c. 42, s. 16, ss. 3241-3250, 2003.
15. [15] J. Ma, “Miniature fiber-tip Fabry-Perot interferometric sensors for pressure and acoustic detection” Doctoral Dissertation, Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 2014.
16. [16] D. Giovanni, Flat and Corrugated Diaphragm Design Handbook, 11. Baskı, CRC Press, Marcel Dekker, 1982, ss 157-173.
17. [17] Anonim, (2017). [Online]. Erişim: https://www.memsnet.org/material/siliconsibulk/
18. [18] E. B. Borisenko, N. N. Kolesnikov, D. N. Borisenko, ve S. I. Bozhko, “Microhardness And Structural Defects of Gase Layered Semiconductor,” Journal of Crystal Growth, c. 316, s. 1, ss. 20-24, 2011.
19. [19] Anonim, (2017). [Online]. Erişim: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F10681727_429#page-1
20. [20] Ş. E. Hayber, T. E. Tabaru, U. Aydemir, Ö. G. Saraçoğlu, “A New Diaphragm Material for Fiber Optic Fabry-Perot Acoustic Sensors with 2D GaSe” IV. International Multidiciplinary Conference of Eurasia, Roma, İtalya, 2017, sayfa 532-533.