Zemin-yapı etkileşiminin betonarme bacaların dinamik davranışına etkisi

Year 2019, , 505 - 518, 31.01.2019

Erdem Türkeli

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.465732

Abstract

Bacalar, atık ve sıcak
gazları atmosfere çekmek için kullanılmakta olup fabrikaların en önemli kısmını
oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde, çevre ihtiyaçları ile ilgili kodların
gereksinimlerini karşılamak için, bu narin yapıların yüksekliği artmakta, bu da
onları dinamik sismik yüklere karşı daha savunmasız hale getirmektedir. Bu
sebepten dolayı, bu uzun ve narin yapıların genel dinamik davranışı, zemin
etkisi de dikkate alınarak anlaşılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, bir model bacanın
dinamik davranışı, açıklıklar, baca temeli ve zemin etkisiyle ayrı ayrı ele
alınarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, zemin-yapı etkileşiminin
(ZYE), betonarme bacaların dinamik davranışını etkileyen önemli bir olay
olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Keywords

Zemin, yapı, etkileşim, deprem, baca, açıklık

Effect of soil-structure interaction on the seismic behavior of RC chimneys

Abstract

RC chimneys are occupying the most important part of industrial factories that they are utilized for removing the
waste and hot gases to the atmosphere. Nowadays, in order to meet the requirements of the codes related with the
environment needs, the height of these slender structures increase that makes them more vulnerable to seismic
loads. Therefore, the overall dynamic behavior of these tall and slender structures should be understood by also
considering the effect of underlying soil. In this study, the dynamic seismic response of a model chimney was
determined by considering openings, foundation and underlying soil separately. Findings of this study revealed
that soil-structure interaction (SSI) is an important phenomenon that effects the dynamic response of reinforced
concrete (RC) chimneys.

Keywords

Soil, structure, interaction, earthquake, chimney, opening

References

• [1] Huang W. and Gould P.L., “3-D pushover analysis of a collapsed reinforced concrete chimney”, Finite elements in analysis and design, vol. 43, no. 11-12, pp. 879-887, 2007.
• [2] Wilson J. L., “The cyclic behaviour of reinforced concrete chimney sections with and without openings”, Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 411-420, 2009.
• [3] Türkeli E., Karaca Z. and Öztürk H. T., “On the wind and earthquake response of reinforced concrete chimneys”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 559-567, 2017.
• [4] Wilson J. L., “Earthquake response of tall reinforced concrete chimneys”, Engineering Structures, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 11-24, 2003.
• [5] Huang W., Gould P. L., Martinez R. and Johnson G. S., “Non‐linear analysis of a collapsed reinforced concrete chimney, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 485- 498, 2004.
• [6] Chmielewski T., Górski P., Beirow B. and Kretzschmar J., “Theoretical and experimental free vibrations of tall industrial chimney with flexibility of soil”, Engineering Structures, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 25-34, 2005.
• [7] Jaya V., Dodagoudar G. R. and Boominathan A., “Seismic Soil Structure Interaction Analysis of Ventilation Stack Structure”, Indian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 116-134, 2009.
• [8] Du X. and Zhao M., “A local time-domain transmitting boundary for simulating cylindrical elastic wave propagation in infinite media”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 937-946, 2010.
• [9] Bagheripour M. H., Rahgozar R. and Malekinejad M., “Efficient analysis of SSI problems using infinite elements and wavelet theory”, Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 229- 252, 2010. [10] Lavan O. and Levy R., “Performance based optimal seismic retrofitting of yielding plane frames using added viscous damping”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 307-326, 2010.
• [11] Lou M., Wang H., Chen X. and Zhai Y., “Structure–soil–structure interaction: Literature review”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 1724-1731, 2011.
• [12] Karaca Z. and Türkelı̇ E., “Determination and comparison of wind loads for industrial reinforced concrete chimneys”, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 133-154, 2012.
• [13] Jayalekshmi B. R., Jisha S. V. and Shivashankar R., “Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis of Tall Reinforced Concrete Chimney with Piled Raft and Annular Raft under Along-Wind Load”, Journal of Structures, vol. 2013, pp. 1-14, 2013.
• [14] Livaoğlu R., “Soil interaction effects on sloshing response of the elevated tanks”, Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 283-297, 2013.
• [15] Liu T., Jiang Y. and Luan Y., “A method for earthquake response analysis of tall flexible structure”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 133-155, 2013.
• [16] Çakır T., “Evaluation of the effect of earthquake frequency content on seismic behavior of cantilever retaining wall including soil–structure interaction”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 45, pp. 96-111, 2013.
• [17] Agelaridou-Twohig A., Tamanini F., Ali H., Adjari A. and Vaziri A., “Thermal analysis of reinforced concrete chimneys with fiberglass plastic liners in uncontrolled fires”, Engineering Structures, vol. 75, pp. 87-98, 2014.
• [18] Jisha S. V., Jayalekshmi B. R. and Shivashankar R., “3D Soil–Structure Interaction Analyses of Annular Raft Foundation of Tall RC Chimneys Under Wind Load”, Indian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 409-426, 2014.
• [19] Karabork T., Deneme I. O. and Bilgehan R. P., “A comparison of the effect of SSI on base isolation systems and fixed-base structures for soft soil”, Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 87-103, 2014.
• [20] Torabi H. and Rayhani M. T., “Three dimensional finite element modeling of seismic soil– structure interaction in soft soil”, Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 60, pp. 9-19., 2014.
• [21] Belver A. V., Koo K., Ibán A. L., Brownjohn J. M. W. and Goddard C., “Enhanced Vortex Shedding in a 183 m Industrial Chimney”, Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 951-960, 2014.
• [22] Jayalekshmi B. R., Jisha S. V., Shivashankar R. and Soorya Narayana S., “Effect of dynamic soil-structure interaction on raft of piled raft foundation of chimneys”, ISRN Civil Eng, vol. 2014, pp. 1-11, 2014.
• [23] Karaca Z. and Türkeli E., “The slenderness effect on wind response of industrial reinforced concrete chimneys”, Wind and Structures, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 281-294, 2014.
• [24] Muvafik M., “Field investigation and seismic analysis of a historical brick masonry minaret damaged during the Van Earthquakes in 2011”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 457- 472, 2014.
• [25] Jayalekshmi B. R., Jisha S. V. and Shivashankar R., “Response in piled raft foundation of tall chimneys under along-wind load incorporating flexibility of soil”, Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 307-322, 2015b.
• [26] Zhou C., Zeng X., Pan Q. and Liu, B., “Seismic fragility assessment of a tall reinforced concrete chimney”, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 440-460,2015.
• [27] Karaca Z., Türkeli E., Günaydın M. and Adanur S., “Dynamic responses of industrial reinforced concrete chimneys strengthened with fiber‐reinforced polymers”, The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 228-241, 2015.
• [28] Yön B., Sayin E., Calayir Y., Ulucan Z. C., Karatas M., Sahin H., Alyamaç K., Bildik E. and Tevfik A., “Lessons learned from recent destructive Van, Turkey earthquakes”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 431-453, 2015.
• [29] Jayalekshmi B. R., Jisha S. V. and Shivashankar R., “Wind load analysis of tall chimneys with piled raft foundation considering the flexibility of soil”, International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 95-115, 2015a.
• [30] Liang J., Fu J., Todorovska M. I. and Trifunac M. D., “In-plane soil–structure interaction in layered, fluid-saturated, poroelastic half-space I: Structural response”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 81, pp. 84-111, 2016.
• [31] Basaran H., Demir A., Ercan E., Nohutcu H., Hokelekli E. and Kozanoglu C., “Investigation of seismic safety of a masonry minaret using its dynamic characteristics”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 523-538, 2016.
• [32] Zhang S., Li H. and Teng, J., “New constructive model for structures soil”, Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 725-738, 2016.
• [33] Chen D. and Dai, S., “Dynamic fracture analysis of the soil-structure interaction system using the scaled boundary finite element method”, Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, vol. 77, pp. 26-35, 2017.
• [34] Maedeh P. A., Ghanbari A. and Wu W., “New coefficients to find natural period of elevated tanks considering fluid-structure-soil interaction effects”, Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 949-963, 2017.
• [35] Sharmin F., Hussan M., Kim D. and Cho S. G., “Influence of soil-structure interaction on seismic responses of offshore wind turbine considering earthquake incident angle”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 39-50, 2017.
• [36] Khazaei J., Amiri A. and Khalilpour M., “Seismic evaluation of soil-foundation-structure interaction: Direct and Cone model”, Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 251-262, 2017.
• [37] Lysmer J. and Kuhlemeyer R. L., “Finite dynamic model for infinite media”, Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division”, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 859-878, 1969.
• [38] Sap 2000: Integrated Finite Element Analysis and Design of Structures”, Wilson E.L., Computers & Structures: Berkeley, CA. 2000.
• [39] Güllü H. and Pala M., “On the resonance effect by dynamic soil–structure interaction: a revelation study”, Natural Hazards, vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 827-847, 2014.
• [40] Livaoğlu R. and Doğangün, A., “Effect of foundation embedment on seismic behavior of elevated tanks considering fluid–structure-soil interaction”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 855-863, 2007.
• [41] Şengün İ., “Computer aided design of industrial reinforced concrete chimneys”, M.S. thesis, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey, 2010.
• [42] Bao H., Hatzor Y. H. and Huang X., “A new viscous boundary condition in the twodimensional discontinuous deformation analysis method for wave propagation problems”, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 919-928, 2012.
• [43] (URL, 2017) http://kyhdata.deprem.gov.tr/2K/kyhdata_v4.php (Last Accessed: 16.08.2017). [44] Türkeli E. and Durmuş A., “An approach on the earthquake behavior of industrial RC chimneys”, presented at 8 th Nat. Earthq. Eng. Conf., 2015, İstanbul, Turkey, 2015.
• [45] Aliyazıcıoğlu C., “Structural analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures with different methods as a synthesis study”, M.S. thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey, 2004.
• [46] Tabeshpour M.R., “Nonlinear dynamic analysis of chimney-like towers”, Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 97-112., 2012.