Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications

Mümin Mehmet Koç

doi:10.29130/dubited.641594

EN TR

Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications

Abstract

X-ray computed tomography (CT) vastly used in many different applications in different fields such as materials science, medical science, entomology, anatomy, marine sciences. Since the X-ray is highly penetrable, 3D image of almost any material can be achieved by CT. The high quality image of the materials, which compose in different types of atoms, can easily be achieved. However, obtain the high quality images of the materials which has similar types of atoms or relatively soft structure becomes a problem. Scientists investigating the soft tissues such as flesh, muscle, cartilage or animals in soft structure suffer from this problem. At this point, staining procedures, treating materials with contrast agents help the researcher to enhance the image quality. In this work, optimisation of KI based staining to obtain enhanced image quality in CT imaging of murine and chicken dermal tissues were studied. Results indicate that overstaining or staining the tissues in less concentration significantly affects the quality of the obtained CT images.

Keywords

Computed Tomography, Skin, Phase Contrast Imaging, Absorption Imaging, Staining, Soft Tissue

KI’nın Tavuk ve Kemirgen Epidermal Dokusunun Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Uygulamalarında Kontrast Ajanı Olarak Optimize Edilmesi

Abstract

Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (CT ya da BT) malzeme bilimi, tıp, entomoloji, deniz bilimleri anatomi gibi birçok alanda değişik uygulamalarda kullanılmaktadır. X-ışınlara yüksek derecede penetrasyon (maddelerin içerisinden geçebilme) özelliğine sahip olduğundan hemen hemen bütün malzemelerin 3 boyutlu görüntüsü BT ile elde edilebilmektedir. Birden fazla materyal bir araya gelerek oluşmuş kompozit malzemelerin yüksek kalitede görüntüsü kolaylıkla elde edilebilmektedir. Ancak aynı tipte atomlardan oluşan malzemelerin ya da sertlikleri birbirine çok yakın olan yumuşak malzemelerin yüksek kaliteede görüntülerinin elde edilmesi zordur. Kıkırdak, kas dokusu gibi dokularla yumuşak yapıdaki hayvanları inceleyen bilim insanları yüksek kalitede görüntü alamama gibi probleme sıkça rastlamaktadır. Bu sorunu aşmak için lekeleme prosedürü yani incelenecek malzemeyi kontrast ajanına maruz bırakmak araştırmacıların yüksek kalitede görüntü elde etmesine yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada KI temelli kontrat ajanının tavuk ve fare derisinin BT uygulamasında görüntü kalitesinin arttırılması amacı ile optimize edilmesi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar lekeleme prosedüründe aşırı ya da az KI uygulanmasının görüntü kalitesini düşürdüğü göstermektedir.

Keywords

Bilgisayarlı Tomografi, Deri, Faz Kontrast Görüntüleme, Soğurma Temelli Görüntüleme, Lekeleme, Yumuşak Doku

References

[1] L. Bragg, “X-ray crystallography.,” Sci. Am., vol. 219, no. 1, pp. 58–70, 1968.
[2] S. W. Wilkins, T. E. Gureyev, D. Gao, A. Pogany, and A. W. Stevenson, “Phase-contrast imaging using polychromatic hard X-rays,” Nature, vol. 384, no. 6607, pp. 335–338, 1996.
[3] U. Bonse and M. Hart, “An x-ray interferometer with long separated interfering beam paths,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 99–100, 1965.
[4] M. M. Koç, N. Aslan, A. P. Kao, and A. H. Barber, “Evaluation of X‐ray tomography contrast agents: A review of production, protocols, and biological applications,” Microsc. Res. Tech., vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 812–848, Jun. 2019.
[5] J. Baruchel, J. Buffiere, and E. Maire, X-ray tomography in material science. Paris: Hermes science publications, 2000.
[6] C. Liguori et al., “Emerging clinical applications of computed tomography.,” Med. Devices (Auckl)., vol. 8, pp. 265–78, 2015.
[7] R. Johnston, S. Leiboff, and M. J. Scanlon, “Ontogeny of the sheathing leaf base in maize (Zea mays),” New Phytol., vol. 205, no. 1, pp. 306–315, 2015.
[8] B. D. Metscher, “Micro CT for comparative morphology: Simple staining methods allow high-contrast 3D imaging of diverse non-mineralized animal tissues,” BMC Physiol., vol. 9, no. 1, 2009.
[9] B. D. Metscher, “MicroCT for developmental biology: A versatile tool for high-contrast 3D imaging at histological resolutions,” Dev. Dyn., vol. 238, no. 3, pp. 632–640, 2009.
[10] S. Faulwetter, T. Dailianis, A. Vasileiadou, and C. Arvanitidis, “Investigation of contrast enhancing techniques for the application of Micro-CT in marine biodiversity studies,” Microsc. Anal., vol. 27, no. March, pp. 12–21, 2013.

[11] E. C. McCullough and J. T. Payne, “Patient Dosage in Computed Tomography,” Radiology, vol. 129, no. 2, pp. 457–463, Nov. 1978.
[12] Y. Zhao, E. Brun, P. Coan, and Z. Huang, “High-resolution, low-dose phase contrast X-ray tomography for 3D diagnosis of human breast cancers,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 45, no. 109, pp. 18290–18294, 2012.
[13] E. Landis and D. K. characterization, “X-ray microtomography,” Mater. Charact., vol. 12, no. 61, pp. 1305–1316, 2010.
[14] D. R. Baker et al., “An introduction to the application of X-ray microtomography to the three-dimensional study of igneous rocks,” Lithos, vol. 148. pp. 262–276, 2012.
[15] Y. M. Y. Staedler et al., “Novel computed tomography-based tools reliably quantify plant reproductive investment,” J. Exp. Bot., vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 525–535, 2018.
[16] S. R. Tracy, J. F. Gómez, C. J. Sturrock, Z. A. Wilson, and A. C. Ferguson, “Non-destructive determination of floral staging in cereals using X-ray micro computed tomography (µCT),” Plant Methods, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 9, Dec. 2017.
[17] P. Swart et al., “A quantitative comparison of micro-CT preparations in Dipteran flies,” Sci. Rep., vol. 6, p. 39380, 2016.
[18] D. D. B. Smith et al., “Exploring miniature insect brains using micro-CT scanning techniques,” Sci. Rep., vol. 6, p. 21768, 2016.
[19] R. Balint, T. Lowe, and T. Shearer, “Optimal contrast agent staining of ligaments and tendons for X-ray computed tomography,” PLoS One, vol. 11, no. 4, p. e0153552, Apr. 2016.
[20] P. J. Dunmore-Buyze et al., “Three-dimensional imaging of the mouse heart and vasculature using micro-CT and whole-body perfusion of iodine or phosphotungstic acid,” Contrast Media Mol. Imaging, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 383–390, Sep. 2014.
[21] P. Das Neves Borges et al., “Rapid, automated imaging of mouse articular cartilage by microCT for early detection of osteoarthritis and finite element modelling of joint mechanics,” Osteoarthr. Cartil., vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1419–1428, 2014.
[22] F. Bribiesca-Contreras and W. I. Sellers, “Three-dimensional visualisation of the internal anatomy of the sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus forelimb using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography,” PeerJ, vol. 5, p. 3039, 2017.
[23] B. D. Metscher, “X-ray microtomographic imaging of intact vertebrate embryos,” Cold Spring Harb. Protoc., vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1462–1471, 2011.
[24] B. D. Metscher, “Biological applications of X-ray microtomography: imaging micro- anatomy, molecular expression and organismal diversity,” Microsc. Anal., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 13–16, 2013.
[25] A. Kerbl et al., “Micro-CT in cephalopod research: Investigating the internal anatomy of a sepiolid squid using a non-destructive technique with special focus on the ganglionic system,” J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol., vol. 447, no. 44, pp. 140–148, 2013.
[26] E. Descamps et al., “Soft tissue discrimination with contrast agents using micro-ct scanning,” Belgian J. Zool., vol. 144, no. 1, 2014.
[27] H. J. Nieminen et al., “Determining collagen distribution in articular cartilage using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography,” Osteoarthr. Cartil., vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 1613–1621, 2015.
[28] M. Ruan, B. Dawson, M.-M. Jiang, F. Gannon, M. Heggeness, and B. Lee, “Quantitative imaging of murine osteoarthritic cartilage by phase contrast micro-computed tomography.,” Arthritis Rheum., vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 388–396, 2012.
[29] K. Kupczik et al., “Reconstruction of muscle fascicle architecture from iodine-enhanced microCT images: A combined texture mapping and streamline approach,” J. Theor. Biol., vol. 382, no. 382, pp. 34–43, 2015.
[30] J. Lee and O. Lee, “Usefulness of hard X-ray microscope using synchrotron radiation for the structure analysis of insects,” Microsc. Res. Tech., vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 292–297, Mar. 2018.
[31] A. Momose, T. Takeda, Y. Itai, and K. Hirako, “Phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography for observing biological soft tissues,” Nat. Med., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 473–475, 1996.
[32] E. PAUWELS, D. VAN LOO, P. Cornillie, L. Brabant, and L. VAN HOOREBEKE, “An exploratory study of contrast agents for soft tissue visualization by means of high resolution X-ray computed tomography imaging,” J. Microsc., vol. 250, no. 1, pp. 21–31, Apr. 2013.
[33] I. I. Kim, M. S. M. S. Kim, Y. R. Y. R. Chen, and S. G. S. G. Kong, “Detection of skin tumors on chicken carcasses using Hyperspectral Fluorescence Imaging,” Trans. ASAE, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 1785–1792, 2004.
[34] S. Andersson-Engels et al., “Preliminary evaluation of two fluorescence imaging methods for the detection and the delineation of basal cell carcinomas of the skin.,” Lasers Surg. Med., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 76–82, 2000.
[35] E. Z. Zhang et al., “Multimodal photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography scanner using an all optical detection scheme for 3D morphological skin imaging,” Biomed. Opt. Express, vol. 2, no. 8, p. 2202, 2011.
[36] J.-T. Oh, M.-L. Li, H. F. Zhang, K. Maslov, G. Stoica, and L. V. Wang, “Three-dimensional imaging of skin melanoma in vivo by dual-wavelength photoacoustic microscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt., vol. 11, no. 3, p. 034032, 2006.
[37] J. M. Schmitt, M. J. Yadlowsky, and R. . Bonner, “Subsurface Imaging of Living Skin with Optical Coherence Microscopy,” Dermatology, vol. 191, pp. 93–98, 1995.
[38] R. M. Lavker, P. S. Zheng, and G. Dong, “Aged skin: a study by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopy.,” J. Invest. Dermatol., vol. 88, no. 3 Suppl, pp. 44s-51s, 1987.
[39] S. Neerken, G. W. Lucassen, M. A. Bisschop, E. Lenderink, and T. (A. M. . Nuijs, “Characterization of age-related effects in human skin: A comparative study that applies confocal laser scanning microscopy and optical coherence tomography,” J. Biomed. Opt., vol. 9, no. 2, p. 274, 2004.
[40] I. Brody, “The keratinization of epidermal cells of normal guinea pig skin as revealed by electron microscopy,” J. Ultrasructure Res., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 482–511, 1959.
[41] A. Kao, J. Connelly, and A. B. of, “3D nanomechanical evaluations of dermal structures in skin,” J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., vol. 57, pp. 14–23, 2016.
[42] A. Kao, “Spatial Mechanical Behaviour of Skin,” Queen Mary University of London, 2016.
[43] K. M. Braun, C. Niemann, U. B. Jensen, J. P. Sundberg, V. Silva-Vargas, and F. M. Watt, “Manipulation of stem cell proliferation and lineage commitment: Visualisation of label-retaining cells in wholemounts of mouse epidermis,” Development, vol. 130, no. 21, pp. 5241–5255, Nov. 2003.
[44] S. Handschuh, C. J. Beisser, B. Ruthensteiner, and B. D. Metscher, “Microscopic dual-energy CT (microDECT): a flexible tool for multichannel ex vivo 3D imaging of biological specimens,” J. Microsc., vol. 267, no. 1, pp. 3–26, Jul. 2017.
[45] P. Vickerton, J. Jarvis, and N. Jeffery, “Concentration-dependent specimen shrinkage in iodine-enhanced microCT,” J. Anat., vol. 223, no. 2, pp. 185–193, Aug. 2013.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mümin Mehmet Koç ^*
0000-0003-4500-0373
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 30, 2020

Submission Date

November 1, 2019

Acceptance Date

March 10, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2020 Volume: 8 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.641594

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA42KR57NK

APA

Koç, M. M. (2020). Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 8(2), 1484-1502. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.641594

AMA

1.Koç MM. Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications. DUBİTED. 2020;8(2):1484-1502. doi:10.29130/dubited.641594

Chicago

Koç, Mümin Mehmet. 2020. “Optimization of KI As X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 8 (2): 1484-1502. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.641594.

EndNote

Koç MM (April 1, 2020) Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 8 2 1484–1502.

IEEE

[1]M. M. Koç, “Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications”, DUBİTED, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1484–1502, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.29130/dubited.641594.

ISNAD

Koç, Mümin Mehmet. “Optimization of KI As X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 8/2 (April 1, 2020): 1484-1502. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.641594.

JAMA

1.Koç MM. Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications. DUBİTED. 2020;8:1484–1502.

MLA

Koç, Mümin Mehmet. “Optimization of KI As X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 8, no. 2, Apr. 2020, pp. 1484-02, doi:10.29130/dubited.641594.

Vancouver

1.Mümin Mehmet Koç. Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications. DUBİTED. 2020 Apr. 1;8(2):1484-502. doi:10.29130/dubited.641594

Optimization of KI as X-Ray Computed Microtomography Contrast Agents for Murine and Chicken Epidermal Tissues Applications

Abstract

Keywords

KI’nın Tavuk ve Kemirgen Epidermal Dokusunun Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Uygulamalarında Kontrast Ajanı Olarak Optimize Edilmesi

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite