Changes of Soil Properties Due to Land Use Intensity in Istanbul Urban Forest

Abstract

In this study, changes in physical and chemical properties of forest soil due to different usage conditions in recreation areas is investigated. In this context, soil sampling at two different depths of soil and litter sampling from the soil surface from areas with different uses in the Istanbul Hekimbaşı Urban Forest were made. It was determined that soil bulk density, stoniness amount, soil reaction (pH) and sand ratio were increased and inorganic carbon (IOC), organic carbon (OC), organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N) ratios and total amounts per hectare, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the amount of litter were decreased in more intensively used areas. As a result, it has been determined that it causes negative effects on the fertility and sustainability of the soil in areas where human use is more intense. In order to minimize these effects, the carrying capacity of the area should be planned in a way that will cause the least damage to the soil properties. It is considered as the first measures tobe taken by people is using certain points on the field instead of the full area, and reducing human entry to areas other than walkways

Keywords

• Field carrying capacity
• Sustainability
• Recreation

İstanbul Kent Ormanında Arazi Kullanım Yoğunluğuna Bağlı Toprak Özelliklerinin Değişimi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada rekreasyon alanlarında orman toprağının farklı kullanım koşullarına bağlı fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerindeki değişim araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda İstanbul Hekimbaşı Kent Ormanı içerisinde bulunan farklı kullanım şekillerinin olduğu alanlardan iki farklı toprak derinliğinde toprak örneklemesi ve toprak yüzeyinden ölü örtü örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Sahadaki yoğun kullanıma bağlı olarak toprak hacim ağırlığı, iskelet miktarı, toprak reaksiyonu (pH) ve kum oranının arttığı, topraktaki inorganik karbon (IOC), organik karbon (OC), organik madde (OM), azot (N) oranları ve hektardaki toplam miktarları ile birlikte katyon değişim kapasitesinin (KDK) ve ölü örtü miktarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak insan kullanımının daha yoğun olduğu alanlarda toprağın verimliliği ve sürdürülebilirliği üzerinde olumsuz etkilere neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu etkilerin en aza indirilmesi için alanın taşıma kapasitesinin toprak özelliklerine en az düzeyde zarar verecek şekilde planlanması gerekmektedir. İnsanların tam alan yerine sahadaki belirli noktaları kullanması, yürüyüş yolları dışındaki alanlara insan girişlerinin azaltılması en başta alınacak önlemler olarak düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• Saha taşıma kapasitesi
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Rekreasyon

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