Çeşitli Yük Durumlarında Faz Kaydırıcı Transformatörlerin Güç Sistemine Etkileri
Year 2021,
, 96 - 105, 29.05.2021
Salih Tosun
,
Ali Öztürk
,
Beytullah Bozali
Abstract
Son yıllarda elektrik enerjisine olan ihtiyaç sürekli artmakta ve gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte güç sistemine yeni ve farklı yük çeşitleri eklenmektedir. Bunun sonucunda, elektrik güç sisteminin işletilmesinde yeni sorunlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sorunlardan biri de güç sisteminin güvenilir ve kararlı şekilde çalıştırılmasıdır. Geleneksel yüklerin yanı sıra farklı karakteristik yükler sistemde istenmeyen etkiler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu yüklerin aynı anda Faz Kaydırıcı Transformatör (FKT) ile birlikte işletilmesinde oluşabilecek durumların incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bilhassa ülkeler arası veya bölgeler arası güç sistemi bağlantılarında tercih edilen FKT’ler sargıları arasında faz farkı oluşturarak aktif güç kontrolu yapmaktadır. Transformatörün faz kaydırma açıları, üzerindeki sargıların kademelerinin değiştirilmesiyle elde edilmektedir. Ayrıca yük akışını kontrol etmek suretiyle enerji iletim hatlarını maksimum kapasite ve verimde kullanmak imkanı da oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışma Güç Sistemleri Analizi Programı (PSAT) benzetim programı üzerinden, FKT bulunan IEEE’nin 6 baralı güç sistemine çeşitli yükler bağlanarak güç sisteminin analizleri yapılmıştır.
References
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Year 2021,
, 96 - 105, 29.05.2021
Salih Tosun
,
Ali Öztürk
,
Beytullah Bozali
References
- [1] M. P. G Verbic and F. Gubina., "On voltage collapse and apparentpower losses," Electric Power Systems Research”, Volume 76, Issues 9-10, pp. 760-767, June 2006.
- [2] C. W. Taylor, Power System Voltage Stability, New York, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
- [3] Yalçın Mehmet Ali, “Enerji İletim Sistemlerinde Gerilim Kararlılığının Yeni Bir Yaklaşım ile İncelenmesi”, Doktora Tezi, İ.T.Ü., F.B.E., 1995.
- [4] J. D. Glover, M.S. Sarma and T. J. Overbye, Power system analysis and design, 4th ed., Nashville, Tenn: Thomson Learning, 2008.
- [5] M.Glavic, “Power Sytem Voltage Stability A short Tutorial”, University of Liege , Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department , 2003.
- [6] A. Tiranuchit, R. J. Thomas, "A Posturing Strategy Against Voltage Instabilities in Electric Power Systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 87-93, February 1988.
- [7] K. Vu, M. M. Begović, D. Novosel, M. M. Saha, "Use of local measurements to estimate voltage-stability margin", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 14, pp. 1029-1035, Aug.1999.
- [8] J. Verboomen, D. Van Hertem, P. H. Schavemaker, W. L. Kling, and R. Belmans, “Phase shifting transformers: Principles and applications,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Future Power Syst., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Nov. , pp. 1–6, 2005.
- [9] T. Cutsem, T. Vournas, Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems, New York:Springer, 2005.
- [10] T. Mehmet, et al. "Faz Kaydırıcı Transformatörlerin Dünyadaki Durumu ve Uygulama Alanlarının Literatür İncelemesi The Current Status of Phase Shifting Transformers Around The World and a Literature Review of The Application Areas", Güç Sistemleri Konferansı, CIGRE, İstanbul, November 2016.
- [11] D. Van Hertem, J. Verboomen, R. Belmans, W. Kling, "Power flow control devices: An overview of their working principles and their application range", Proc. Int. Conf. Future Power Syst., vol. 6, pp. 16–18, November 2005.
- [12] S. G. Johansson, Long-term Voltage Stability in Power Systems-Alleviating the Impact of Generator Current Limiters, 1998.
- [13] M. K. Pal, Voltage stability: analysis needs, modelling requirement, and modelling adequacy, IEE Proceedings C-Generation, Transmission and Distribution. Vol. 140. No. 4. IET, 1993.
- [14] C. A. Cañizares, F. L. Alvarado, "Point of Collapse and Continuation Methods for Large AC/DC Systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1-8, Feb. 1993.
- [15] Nuqui Reynaldo Francisco, State estimation and voltage security monitoring using synchronized phasor measurements. Diss. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2001.
- [16]. K. Morison, H. Hamadani, W. Lei, "Load Modeling for Voltage Stability Studies", Power Systems Conference and Exposition 2006. PSCE '06. 2006 IEEE PES, pp. 564-568, 2006.
- [17] Genêt Benjamin and Jean-Claude Maun, On monitoring methods and load modeling to improve voltage stability assessment efficiency. Diss. PhD thesis, Université libre de Bruxelles, 2009.
- [18] M. Federico, Power System Analysis Toolbox Quick Reference Manual for PSAT version 2.1. 2., 2008.
- [19] U. Eminoglu, M. H. Hocaoglu, "A new power flow method for radial distribution systems including voltage dependent load models", Elect. Power Syst. Res., vol. 76, pp. 106-114, 2005.
- [20] L. M. Hajagos, B. Danai, "Laboratory measurements and models of modem loads and their effect on voltage stability studies", IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 584-592, May 1998.
- [21] F. Milano, “An open source power system analysis toolbox,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1199-1206, 2005.
- [22] L. Sujit, et al. “Dynamic load model and its incorporation in MATLAB based Voltage Stability Toolbox”, 17th Power Systems Computation Conference, Stockholm Sweden, August 22-26, 2011.
- [23] Ragu Balanathan, Nalin C.Pahalawaththa, Udaya D. Annakkage, "Modelling Induction Motor Loads for Voltage Stability Analysis", International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 24, pp. 469-480, 2002.