Diyabette Leptin Hormonun Olası Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1969 - 1975, 31.07.2019

Eylem Taşkın Güven , Celal Güven , Salih Tunç Kaya , Yusuf Sevgiler

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.578925

Abstract

Şeker
hastalığı olarak bilinen diyabet, çeşitli komplikasyonları (kalp ve dolaşım
hastalıkları, kanser ve buna benzer hastalıklar) beraberinde getiren, insan
hayatını olumsuz yönde etkileyen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Genel olarak diyabet
tip I ve tip II olmak üzere iki büyük alt grupta toplanan bir hastalıktır. Tip I
diyabette beta (β) hücrelerinin apoptoz ile kaybı insülin salgısının
azalmasında önemli bir mekanizmadır. Leptin de insülin gibi antiapoptotik ve
proliferatif hormonlardan biridir. Dahası düşük leptin ve insülin tedavisinin
sadece yüksek doz insülin kullanımına oranla kan şekerinin tamponlanmasında
daha etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Fakat leptinin tip I diyabetteki bu
etkisi/etkileri hala gizemini korumaktadır. Leptinin tip I diyabetteki önemli
etkisinden biri de yağların β oksidasyonunun artmasına neden olarak, kan
şekerinin tamponlanmasını da sağları. Bu da insülin direncinin oluşmasının
azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca leptinin insülinin anabolik etkilerini
taklit ettiği gibi diyabette meydana gelen ketoasidozu önlediği de
vurgulanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla leptin tedavisi, zorunlu yüksek doz insülin
kullanımı azaltılmasına olanak tanıyabilmektedir. Bu derleme, literatürdeki
leptin ve diyabet arasındaki

Keywords

Leptin, Diyabet, Oksidatif stres, İnsülin, Apoptozis, Aktin filamentleri, ATP'ye duyarlı potasyum kanalları

The Possible Effects of Leptin Hormone in Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes, known as a disorder of glucose, is a
metabolic disease that brings about various complications (cardiovascular and
circulatory disorder, cancer, and similar diseases) and affects human life
negatively. Diabetes is a disease that has two big sub-categories as type I and
type II. Beta (β) cell loss by apoptosis in type I diabetics is an important
mechanism in the decrease of insulin secretion. Like insulin, leptin is also
one of the anti-apoptotic and proliferative hormones. Moreover, it is known
that low leptin and insulin treatment are more effective in tamponing blood
glucose than only high dose of insulin use. However, this effect/these effects
of type I diabetics still keeps its mystery. Another significant effect of
leptin in type I diabetes is to tampon blood glucose by increasing in fat oxidation.
Moreover, this causes a decrease in insulin resistance. In addition, it is
emphasized that leptin not only imitates anabolic effects of insulin but also avoids
ketoacidosis that occurs in diabetes. Consequently, leptin treatment enables a
decrease in high dose of insulin use. The evidence to be obtained has a potential to help enlighten this
complicated relationship between leptin and diabetes in literature by the
review.

Keywords

Leptin, Diabetes, Oxidative stress, Insulin, Apoptosis, Actin filaments, ATP sensitive potassium channels

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