Effect of Early and Late Ignition on Combustion and Formation of Emissions in a Natural-Gas Fuelled Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Engine

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 453 - 461, 31.01.2020

Müjdat Fırat

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.597019

Abstract

The effect of spark timing on combustion and emissions
of a natural gas fuelled direct injection spark ignition engine was
investigated. The engine was simulated at 3000 rpm with different ignition
timing. The three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics software ANSYS-Forte
19.0  was 
used to investigate the combustion characteristic and formation of
emissions.  All simulations were occurred
under wide throttle open with different ignitions timing. The peak cylinder
pressure increased with early spark timing. The spark timing also caused  HC and CO emissions to decrease for early
spark timing. Furthermore, the NO_x emissions remarkably ascended
while the CO and HC emissions significantly declined with early ignition
timing. As a result, higher combustion efficiency was obtained at early
ignition timing for natural gas engine.

Keywords

Natural gas, Spark ignition engines, Spark timing, 3D CFD

Doğalgazlı Buji Ateşlemeli Direkt Enjeksiyonlu Bir Motorda Erken ve Geç Ateşlemenin Yanma ve Emisyon Oluşumuna Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada doğalgazla çalışan
direkt enjeksiyonlu benzinli bir motorda ateşleme zamanının yanma ve emisyonlar
üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Farklı ateşleme zamanları için motorun 3000
devir şartlarında simülasyonlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yanma karakteristikleri
ve emisyon oluşumlarını incelemek için üç boyutlu hesaplamalı akışkanlar
mekaniği kodu olan ANSYS-Forte 19.0 kullanılmıştır. Tüm simülasyonlar farklı
ateşleme zamanları için gaz kelebeğinin tam açık konumunda tekrarlanmıştır.
Erken ateşleme zamanlamasında silindir içi basıncın yükseldiği görülürken, HC
ve CO emisyonlarında düşüş gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, erken ateşleme şartlarında
düşen HC ve CO emisyonlarına rağmen NO_x emisyonlarında artış
görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak doğalgazlı motorlarda erken ateşleme zamanında daha
yüksek yanma verimi elde edilmiştir.

Keywords

Doğalgaz, Buji ateşlemeli motorlar, Ateşleme zamanı, 3 boyutlu HAD

References

• [1] J. Liu ve C. E. Dumitrescu, “Combustion partitioning inside a natural gas spark ignition engine with a bowl-in-piston geometry”, Energy Conversion and Management, c. 183, ss. 73–83, 2019.
• [2] A. Suyabodha, “Comparison the Rate of Energy Consumption between Gasoline95 and LPG in Spark Ignition Engine under Real Driving Conditions”, Energy Procedia, c. 118, ss. 164-171, 2017.
• [3] J. Lee, C. Park, Y. Kim, Y. Choi, J. Bae, B. Lim, “Effect of turbocharger on performance and thermal efficiency of hydrogen-fueled spark ignition engine”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, c. 44 s. 8, ss. 4350-4360, 2019.
• [4] Nidhi, K. A. Subramanian, “Experimental investigation on effects of oxygen enriched air on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a methanol fuelled spark ignition engine”, Applied Thermal Engineering, c.147, ss. 501-508, 2019.
• [5] P. Chansauria ve R. K. Mandloi, “Effects of Ethanol Blends on Performance of Spark Ignition Engine-A Review”, Materials Today: Proceedings, c. 5 s. 2, ss. 4066-4077, 2018.
• [6] K. N. Duc, V. N. Duy, L. Hoang-Dinh, T. N. Viet, T. Le-Anh, “Performance and emission characteristics of a port fuel injected, spark ignition engine fueled by compressed natural gas”, Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, c. 31, ss. 383–389, 2019.
• [7] L. Chen, H. Wei, R. Zhang, J. Pan, L. Zhou, D. Feng, “Effects of spark plug type and ignition energy on combustion performance in an optical SI engine fueled with methane”, Applied Thermal Engineering c.148, ss.188–195, 2019.
• [8] M. Z. Gül, H. Köten, M. Yılmaz, H. Savcı, “Advanced numerical and experimental studies on CI engine emissions”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, c. 4, ss. 2234-2247, 2018.
• [9] C. Gong, Z. Liu, H. Su, Y. Chen, J. Li, F. Liu, “Effect of injection strategy on cold start firing, combustion and emissions of a LPG/methanol dual-fuel spark-ignition engine”, Energy, c.178, ss.126-133, 2019.
• [10] A. O. Hasan, H. Al-Rawashdeh, A. H. Al-Muhtaseb, A. Abu-jrai, R. Ahmad and J. Zeaiter, “Impact of changing combustion chamber geometry on emissions, and combustion characteristics of a single cylinder SI (spark ignition) engine fueled with ethanol/gasoline blends”, Fuel, c. 231, ss. 197–203, 2018.
• [11] X. Duan, Y. Li, J. Liu, G. Guo, J. Fu, Q. Zhang, S. Zhang and W. Liu, “Experimental study the effects of various compression ratios and spark timing on performance and emission of a lean-burn heavy-duty spark ignition engine fueled with methane gas and hydrogen blends”, Energy, c. 169, ss. 558-571, 2019.
• [12] W. Shi, X. Yu, H. Zhang and H. Li, “Effect of spark timing on combustion and emissions of a hydrogen direct injection stratified gasoline engine”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, c. 42, ss. 5619-5626, 2019.
• [13] C. Gong, Z. Li, Y. Chen, J. Liu, F. Liu and Y. Han, “Influence of ignition timing on combustion and emissions of a spark-ignition methanol engine with added hydrogen under lean-burn conditions”, Fuel, c. 235, ss. 227–238, 2019.
• [14] ANSYS Forte User’s Guide, 2018.
• [15] ANSYS Forte Theory Manuel, 2018.
• [16] S. Aljamali, S. Abdullah, W. M. F. W. Mahmood and Y. Ali, “Effect of fuel injection timings on performance and emissions of stratified combustion CNGDI engine”, Applied Thermal Engineering, c.109, ss. 619–629,2016.
• [17] J. Liu and C.E. Dumitrescu, “3D CFD simulation of a CI engine converted to SI natural gas operation using the G-equation”, Fuel, c. 232 ss. 833-844, 2018.
• [18] X. Duan, Y. Li, J. Liu, G. Guo, J. Fu, Q. Zhang, S. Zhang and W. Liu, “Experimental study the effects of various compression ratios and spark timing on performance and emission of a lean-burn heavy-duty spark ignition engine fueled with methane gas and hydrogen blends”, Energy, c. 169, ss. 558-571, 2019.