The Effect of Pelletization Pressure on Structural, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties of Bi-2223 Superconducting Ceramics

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 2107 - 2119, 25.10.2022

Emre Kara , Muhsin Uğur Doğan , Şenol Kaya , Rıfkı Terzioğlu , Gürcan Yıldırım , Cabir Terzioğlu

Abstract

In this present work, Bi-2223 powders were used to fabricate the bulk form via various pelatization pressures and then bulks were annealed at 840 οC for 36 hours. The effects of pressure on the structural, mechanical and electrical characteristics of Bi-2223 bulks were investigated. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy measurements were used to evaluate the structural analysis. Vickers Microhardness measurements were performed at room temperature for mechanical analysis. Four contact I-V measurements were used in evolution of electrical analysis. Considering to the obtained results, it was observed that the relative ratio of the Bi-2223 crystalline phase, the hardness value and the electrical carrying capacity were strictly dependent on the pressure. In this context, it has been determined that with the increase of pressure, the hardness values increase depending on the phase transitions in the crystal structure and the rise in the surface residual pressure stress regions. In addition, it has been observed that the overall mechanical performances such as the calculated modulus of elasticity and yield strength increase with the pressure. This finding may be the result of improved covalent and especially ionic bond strengths already present in the crystal structure. Also, load-independent microhardness values at plato regime of the samples were analyzed through the Meyer’s law, Proportional Sample Resistance (PSR), and Indentation Induced Cracking (IIC) model. The ICC was found to be more effective in determination of the real microhardness values. The decline on the critical current was also observed with increasing the pressure. Densities of the samples were calculated through the Archimedes’ law. The optimum pressure value to be applied in the fabrication of bulk Bi-2223 samples, depending on the technological usage field, is discussed in detail.

Keywords

Bi-2223, Vickers Microhardness, Pressure effect

Bi-2223 Süperiletken Seramiklerde Peletizasyon Basıncının Yapısal, Elektriksel ve Mekanik Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Bi-2223 tozlar farklı peletizasyon basınç değerleri ile külçe formuna getirilmiş ardından külçeler 840ºC’de 36 saat tavlanmıştır. Basıncın Bi-2223 külçelerin yapısal, mekanik ve elektriksel özellikleri üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapısal analizlerin değerlendirilmesi için X-ışını Kırınımı (XRD) spektroskopisi ölçümleri kullanılmıştır. Mekanik analizler için oda sıcaklığında Vickers Mikrosertlik ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Elektriksel analizlerde ise dört kontak I-V ölçümleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Bi-2223 kristal faz yoğunluğunun, sertlik değerinin ve elektrik taşıma kapasitesinin basınca ciddi bir şekilde bağlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, basıncın artması ile sertlik değerlerinin kristal yapıdaki faz geçişlerine ve yüzey artık basınç gerilim bölgelerinin artışına bağlı olarak yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, hesaplanan elastisite modülü ve akma dayanımı gibi genel mekanik performans değerlerinin basınca bağlı olarak arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bulgu kristal yapıda hali hazırda var olan kovalent ve özellikle iyonik bağ kuvvetlerinin artmasının sonucu olabilir. Bununla birlikte, numunelerin plato limit bölgelerinde yükten bağımsız mikrosertlik değerleri Meyer yasası, Orantılı Numune Direnç (OND) ve Indentation Induced Cracking (IIC) yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda IIC modelin gerçek mikrosertlik değerlerini incelemede daha başarılı olduğu bulunmuştur. Kritik akımın uygulanan basıncın artması ile düştüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Örneklerin yoğunlukları Arşimet yasası kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Teknolojik kullanım alanına bağlı olarak külçe Bi-2223 örneklerin üretiminde uygulanması gereken optimum basınç değeri detaylarıyla tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

Bi-2223, Vickers Mikrosertlik, Basınç etkisi

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