Plantago lanceolata L. Taksonunda Tohum Kabuk Varyasyonu ve Bunun Yaygın Bitki Taksonlarında Tohum Yüzey Karakterlerinin Kullanımına Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 2137 - 2144, 24.10.2023

Almıla Çiftçi

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1144720

Abstract

Tohum kabuğu mikromorfolojisi, geçtiğimiz yüzyılda sistematik çalışmalara çok yardımcı olmuştur. Yaygın taksonlar dahil olmak üzere, çoğu bitki grubunda faydalı karakterler vermektedir. Bitkilerde fenotipik plastisite iyi bilinen bir kavram olmasına rağmen, geniş yayılış alanlarına sahip bitkilerin, tohum kabuğu karakterleri özelinde değişiklik gösterip göstermediğini araştıran çok fazla mikromorfolojik çalışma bulunmamaktadır. En yaygın sinirliot türlerinden biri olan Plantago lanceolata L. (Plantaginaceae), bu çalışmada farklı popülasyonlar arasında tohum mikromorfolojisinde varyasyonun varlığını araştırmak için seçilmiştir. Türkiye genelinden 50 popülasyonun tohumları ışık mikroskobu ve tarama elektron mikroskobu kullanılarak analiz edildi. P. lanceolata'nın bazı tohum yüzey karakterlerinin tutarlı olduğu (hücre ve antiklinal duvar şekilleri), diğerlerinin ise değişken olduğu (antiklinal duvarlar, periklinal duvarlar ve yüzey özellikleri) tespit edilmiştir. P. lanceolata tohumlarında düzensiz buruşuklara sahip yüzey özelliği, ilk kez bu çalışmada rapor edilmiştir. Coğrafi farklılıklar ile tohum karakterleri arasında bir ilişkiye ise rastlanmamıştır. Bu sonuçlar, yüksek düzeyde varyasyona sahip yaygın taksonlarla tohum mikromorfolojisi çalışılırken dikkatli olunması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Mikromorfoloji, Plantago, SEM, Tohum kabuğu

Plantago lanceolata L. Seed Coat Variation and Its Implications on the Usage of Seed Micromorphology Among Widespread Taxa

Abstract

Seed coat micromorphology has been great help in systematic studies over the past century. It is useful in most plant groups, including the widespread taxa. Although phenotypic plasticity in plants is a well-known phenomenon, there are not many micromorphological studies investigating whether plants with wide distribution areas show variation in seed coat characteristics. Plantago lanceolata L. (Plantaginaceae), as one of the most widespread Plantago taxa, is used in this study to investigate the presence of seed microsculpture variation among different populations. The seeds of 50 populations from across Turkey were analyzed using Stereomicroscope and SEM. Some seed surface characters of P. lanceolata were found to be consistent (cell shapes and anticlinal wall shapes), whereas others were variable (anticlinal walls, periclinal walls and surface sculpture). Irregularly wrinkled surface is reported in P. lanceolata seeds for the first time in this study. No correlation between geographical differences and seed characters were found. These results indicate that caution should be taken when dealing with widespread taxa with high levels of variation.

Keywords

Micromorphology, Plantago, SEM, Seed coat

Thanks

I would like to thank the curator of ISTF for providing the specimens for this study. I also would like to thank Rachel Mollman for reading the initial manuscript.

References

• [1]F. Özgökçe and H. Özçelik, “Ethnobotanical aspects of some taxa in East Anatolia, Turkey,” Economic Botany, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 697–704, 2004.
• [2] K. A. Young and J. Schmitt, “Genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity of pollen release and capture height in Plantago lanceolata,” Functional Ecology, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 725–733, 1995.
• [3] E. P. Lacey and D. Herr, “Phenotypic plasticity, parental effects, and parental care in plants? I. An examination of spike reflectance in Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae),” American Journal of Botany, vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 920–930, 2005.
• [4] V. Latzel, Š. Janeček, J. Doležal, J. Klimešová and O. Bossdorf, “Adaptive transgenerational plasticity in the perennial Plantago lanceolata,” Oikos, vol. 123, no. 1, pp. 41–46, 2014.
• [5] M. M. Marshall, L. C. Batten, D. L. Remington and E. P. Lacey, “Natural selection contributes to geographic patterns of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata,”. Ecology and evolution, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 2945–2963, 2019.
• [6] P. H. Van Tienderen and A. Van Hinsberg, “Phenotypic plasticity in growth habit in Plantago lanceolata: how tight is a suite of correlated characters?,” Plant Species Biology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 87–96, 1996.
• [7]D. Tewari, N. Anjum and Y. C. Tripathi, “Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Plantago ovata: a natural source of laxative medicine,” World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 361–372, 2014.
• [8]M. B. Adom, M. Taher, M. F. Mutalabisin, M. S. Amri, M. B. A. Kudos, M. W. A. W. Sulaiman, P. Sengupta and D. Susanti, “Chemical constituents and medical benefits of Plantago major,” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 96, pp. 348–360, 2017.
• [9]D. F. Huang, M. Y. Xie, J. Y. Yin, S. P. Nie, Y. F. Tang, X. M. Xie and C. Zhou, “Immunomodulatory activity of the seeds of Plantago asiatica L.,” Journal of ethnopharmacology, vol. 124, no. 3, pp. 493–498, 2009.
• [10]E. Weryszko-Chmielewska, A. Matysik-Wozniak, A. Sulborska and R. Rejdak, “Commercially important properties of plants of the genus Plantago,” Acta Agrobotanica, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 11–20, 2012. [11] I. Camelia, “Contributions to the seeds’ study of some species of the Plantago L. genus,” Journal of Plant Development, vol. 20 pp. 35–43, 2013.
• [12]A. Çiftçi and O. Erol, “Micromorphological studies on inflorescence and seeds of some plantain (Plantago L.) taxa in Turkey,” Biologica Nyssana, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 85–91, 2020.
• [13]A. A. Shehata and M. H. A. Loutfy, “On the taxonomy of Plantaginaceae Juss. sensu lato: Evidence from SEM of the seed coat,” Turkish Journal of Botany, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 71–84, 2006.
• [14]M. Klimko, K. Idzikowska, M. Truchan and A. Kreft, “Seed sculpture of Polish species of the genus Plantago L.,” Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 103–111, 2004.
• [15]L. Jun-Zhe, Z. Qing-Min, G. Shu-Hua and Z. Xing-Di, “Seed morphology of Plantago in China and its taxonomic significance,” Journal of Systematics and Evolution, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 118–125, 1992.
• [16]A. K. Verma, N. Gautam and K. A. Bharti, “Macro-and micro-morphological characteristics of Plantago seeds and its implication for species identification,” Current Botany, vol. 8, pp. 159–163, 2017.
• [17]T. Hoghoughi, A. Jafari and H. Mahmoodzadeh, “Palynological and seed micromorphological studies on Plantago L. species in northeastern of Iran,” Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 133–138, 2016.