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Diyarbakır Ovasında Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Modeli ve CBS Entegrasyonu ile Yeraltı Barajı Yer Seçimi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 77 - 104
https://doi.org/10.55007/dufed.1684987

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Diyarbakır Ovası’nda yeraltı barajı inşasına uygun alanları belirlemek amacıyla Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) ve TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) gibi çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ile entegre biçimde uygulanmasıdır. Küresel ölçekte artan su talebi ve mevcut kaynakların sürdürülebilir yönetimi, özellikle yarı kurak bölgelerde alternatif su depolama çözümlerine olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Yeraltı barajları, bu kapsamda buharlaşma kaybını azaltan ve çevresel etkisi düşük yapılar olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada, yeraltı barajı yer seçimi için 11 parametre belirlenmiş ve raster veri formatında CBS ortamında işlenmiştir. Parametreler, 3-6-9 puanlama sistemi ile sınıflandırılmış, AHP yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılmış ve tutarlılık oranı kontrol edilmiştir. TOPSIS yöntemi kullanılarak her bölgenin uygunluk skorları hesaplanmış ve alanlar “en uygun”, “orta uygun” ve “uygun değil” şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, özellikle alüvyonal zeminlerin yoğunlaştığı, eğimin düşük ve yüzey su kaynaklarına yakın bölgelerin yüksek uygunluk skorlarına sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yöntem, sürdürülebilir su yönetimi planlamaları için etkili bir karar destek aracı sunmaktadır.

References

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  • K. Vashist and K. Singh, “Flood hazard mapping using GIS-based AHP approach for Krishna River basin,” Hydrological Processes, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 110–122, 2024.
  • Y. Getachew, “Application of multi-criteria decision analysis integrated with GIS and air pollution model inputs for schools site selection,” M.S. thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, 2019.
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  • S. K. Sharma and M. L. Kansal, “Suitability analysis for subsurface dam site selection using remote sensing and GIS,” Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 174–186, 2011.
  • S. Tadayon and M. Feizi, “Investigating suitable sites for underground dam construction using GIS (Case study: Yazd–Ardakan plain),” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 1289–1297, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s12665-012-2192-3.
  • MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji ve Hidrojeoloji Haritaları Arşivi. Ankara: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, 2020.
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  • A. Shaban, “Groundwater mapping using remote sensing and GIS,” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 7, pp. 643, 2016.
  • ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute), ArcGIS Pro User Guide. (2020). Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2025. [Online]. https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/main/welcome-to-the-arcgis-pro-app-help.htm
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  • E. Yılmaz and S. Erdem, “Gömülü havzalarda yeraltı su potansiyelinin belirlenmesi: Karaman ili örneği,” Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 321–330, 2018.
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Subsurface Dam Site Selection in the Diyarbakır Plain Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model and GIS Integration

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 77 - 104
https://doi.org/10.55007/dufed.1684987

Abstract

The primary aim of this study is to identify suitable areas for groundwater dam construction in the Diyarbakır Plain by integrating multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The globally increasing demand for water and the need for sustainable management of existing resources have heightened interest in alternative water storage solutions, particularly in semi-arid regions. Groundwater dams, in this context, stand out as structures that minimize evaporation losses, have low environmental impact, and offer high sustainability. In the study, 11 parameters were identified for groundwater dam site selection and processed in GIS environment using raster data format. The parameters were classified using a 3-6-9 scoring system, weighted through the AHP method, and checked for consistency. Using the TOPSIS method, suitability scores for each region were calculated, and the areas were classified as “most suitable,” “moderately suitable,” and “unsuitable”. The results indicate that areas with intensive alluvial soils, low slope, and proximity to surface water sources have higher suitability scores. This integrated method offers an effective decision support tool for sustainable water management planning.

References

  • T. L. Saaty, The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980.
  • J. Malczewski, GIS and Multicriteria Decision Analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
  • K. Vashist and K. Singh, “Flood hazard mapping using GIS-based AHP approach for Krishna River basin,” Hydrological Processes, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 110–122, 2024.
  • Y. Getachew, “Application of multi-criteria decision analysis integrated with GIS and air pollution model inputs for schools site selection,” M.S. thesis, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, 2019.
  • R. A. Freeze and J. A. Cherry, Groundwater. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1979.
  • S. K. Sharma and M. L. Kansal, “Suitability analysis for subsurface dam site selection using remote sensing and GIS,” Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 174–186, 2011.
  • S. Tadayon and M. Feizi, “Investigating suitable sites for underground dam construction using GIS (Case study: Yazd–Ardakan plain),” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 70, no. 3, pp. 1289–1297, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s12665-012-2192-3.
  • MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji ve Hidrojeoloji Haritaları Arşivi. Ankara: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, 2020.
  • N. Saatçioğlu, “Yeraltı Barajları Ölçütleri,” DSİ Teknik Bülteni, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 13–27, 2019.
  • A. Shaban, “Groundwater mapping using remote sensing and GIS,” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 7, pp. 643, 2016.
  • ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute), ArcGIS Pro User Guide. (2020). Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2025. [Online]. https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/main/welcome-to-the-arcgis-pro-app-help.htm
  • MTA Genel Müdürlüğü, Yenilenmiş Diri Fay Haritaları, T.C. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı. (2023). Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2025. [Online]. https://www.mta.gov.tr/v3.0/hizmetler/yenilenmis-diri-fay-haritalari
  • C. L. Hwang and K. Yoon, Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981.
  • M. Behzadian, S. K. Otaghsara, M. Yazdani, and J. Ignatius, “A state-of the-art survey of TOPSIS applications,” Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 39, no. 17, pp. 13051–13069, 2010.
  • E. Yılmaz and S. Erdem, “Gömülü havzalarda yeraltı su potansiyelinin belirlenmesi: Karaman ili örneği,” Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 321–330, 2018.
  • Y. Zhou, X. Li, C. Zhang, and R. Wang, “Integrated assessment of groundwater recharge using TOPSIS-AHP and GIS: A case study in Northern China,” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 115, 2021.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Water Resources and Water Structures
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Melis Arca 0009-0005-9950-2194

Recep Çelik 0000-0002-0739-6146

Early Pub Date May 29, 2025
Publication Date
Submission Date April 27, 2025
Acceptance Date May 13, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE M. Arca and R. Çelik, “Diyarbakır Ovasında Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Modeli ve CBS Entegrasyonu ile Yeraltı Barajı Yer Seçimi”, DUFED, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 77–104, 2025, doi: 10.55007/dufed.1684987.


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