Erkek Milli Krosçularda Aerobik Güç Gelişiminin Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sekiz haftalık aerobik güç geliştirme antrenman programının erkek milli krosçularda bazı performans parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışma, tek gruplu yarı deneysel desenle (ön test–son test modeli) yürütülmüştür. Türkiye Atletizm Federasyonu bünyesinde aktif olarak yarışan 14 erkek milli krosçu araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Sporculara sekiz hafta süresince haftada dört gün, açık hava koşulları altında planlı bir aerobik güç geliştirme programı uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılara antrenman öncesi ve sonrası anaerobik güç (Wingate), sprint (30 m), denge (statik ve dinamik) ve sıçrama (yatay ve dikey) testleri uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Bağımlı Gruplar t-testi kullanılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, uygulanan program sporcuların anaerobik güç, denge ve sıçrama performanslarında anlamlı artışlara neden olurken; sprint performansı ve statik çift ayak dengesi üzerinde anlamlı değişim oluşturmamıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, aerobik temelli yüklenmelerin sadece dayanıklılık kapasitesini değil, nöromüsküler koordinasyon ve kas dayanıklılığı gibi motorik özellikleri de geliştirebileceğini göstermektedir. Ancak sprint performansında anlamlı gelişim için anaerobik veya pliometrik antrenmanlarla desteklenmiş kombine programların daha etkili olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Aerobik güç
• Kros
• Dayanıklılık antrenmanı

The Effects of Aerobic Training on Selected Performance Parameters in Male National Cross-Country Athletes

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an eight-week moderate-intensity aerobic endurance training program on selected performance parameters in male national-level cross-country runners. Fourteen male athletes participated in the study, which was conducted using a single-group pre-test–post-test experimental design. The training program was performed three times per week and consisted of continuous aerobic exercises at moderate intensity. Performance assessments included anaerobic power (Wingate test), 30 m sprint performance, horizontal and vertical jump performance, and static and dynamic balance measurements. Descriptive statistics and paired-samples t-tests were used for data analysis. The findings revealed statistically significant pre-test to post-test differences in anaerobic power, horizontal and vertical jump performance, and dynamic balance parameters following the training period. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in 30 m sprint performance or static double-leg balance measurements. Limited changes were noted in static single-leg balance outcomes. In conclusion, moderate-intensity aerobic endurance training may be associated with indirect or secondary changes in certain performance-related parameters that are not directly targeted by the applied training stimulus. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously, without causal inference, and within the methodological limitations of the single-group design. Future studies employing controlled designs and targeted training interventions are recommended to further clarify the underlying mechanisms of performance adaptations in endurance athletes.

Keywords

• Aerobic endurance training
• Cross-country running
• Performance parameters
• Jump performance
• Dynamic balance

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