Comparison of Performances of Two Different Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas in Microwave Breast Cancer Detection Systems

Abstract

In this study, two different antipodal Vivaldi antennas were designed using CST MWS simulation program. The proposed antipodal Vivaldi antennas were designed using 1.6 mm thick FR4 material. The dielectric constant of this material is 4.4 and the loss tangent value is 0.002. The impedance of the feed port is 50 Ω and the copper thickness is 0.035 µm. The compact size of the first antenna is 30 mm x 36 mm, its gain is 5.04 dB and its directivity is 6.48 dB. The size of the second antenna is 38 mm x 33.5 mm, its gain is 7.68 dB and its directivity is 8.77 dB. In the simulation environment, two phantoms were created by placing spherical tumors with two different diameters, each inside a separate heterogeneous breast phantom. Then, the designed antennas in the simulation environment were tested for tumor detection performance on the phantom using the radar-based microwave breast cancer imaging technique (RMWI). After the signal processing stages, tumor images were obtained. In microwave imaging methods, the performance of two different antennas on tumor detection was observed in terms of gain and directivity. In the breast cancer detection study using RMWI technique, the importance of antenna properties such as gain and directivity was emphasized.

Keywords

• Microwave imaging
• Breast cancer
• Vivaldi antenna performance
• Phantom
• Biophysics

Mikrodalga Meme Kanseri Tespit Sistemlerinde İki Farklı Antipodal Vivaldi Anteninin Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, CST MWS simülasyon programı kullanılarak iki farklı antipodal Vivaldi anteni tasarlanmıştır. Önerilen antipodal Vivaldi antenleri 1,6 mm kalınlığındaki FR4 malzeme kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Bu malzemenin dielektrik sabiti 4,4 ve kayıp tanjant değeri 0,002'dir. Besleme portunun empedansı 50 Ω ve bakır kalınlığı 0,035 µm'dir. İlk antenin kompakt boyutu 30 mm x 36 mm, kazancı 5,04 dB ve yönlülüğü 6,48 dB'dir. İkinci antenin boyutu 38 mm x 33,5 mm, kazancı 7,68 dB ve yönlülüğü 8,77 dB'dir. Simülasyon ortamında, ayrı bir heterojen meme fantomunun içine iki farklı çaptaki küresel tümörler yerleştirilerek iki fantom oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra simülasyon ortamında tasarlanan antenler, radar tabanlı mikrodalga meme kanseri görüntüleme tekniği (RMWI) kullanılarak fantom üzerinde tümör tespit performansı açısından test edildi. Sinyal işleme aşamalarından sonra tümör görüntüleri elde edildi. Mikrodalga görüntüleme yöntemlerinde, iki farklı antenin tümör tespitindeki performansı kazanç ve yönelim açısından incelendi. RMWI tekniği kullanılarak yapılan meme kanseri tespit çalışmasında, kazanç ve yönelim gibi anten özelliklerinin önemi vurgulandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikrodalga görüntüleme
• Meme kanseri
• Vivaldi anten performansı
• Phantom
• Biyofizik

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