Etik Yapay Zeka Mümkün mü?

Abstract

Etik yapay zekâ, yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin insanî değerlerle uyumlu biçimde geliştirilmesini ve kullanılmasını ifade eden yaygın bir yaklaşım olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Ancak, Avrupa’da yapay zekâ şirketlerinin faaliyetlerini Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne kaydırma eğilimi, bu yaklaşımın uygulanabilirliğine yönelik tartışmaları artırmaktadır. Bu durumun temel nedenlerinden biri olarak Avrupa Birliği’nin Genel Veri Koruma Tüzüğü (GDPR) gösterilmekte; söz konusu düzenlemenin veri kullanımına getirdiği maliyetler, kontrol ve kısıtlamalar küresel teknoloji firmalarının Avrupa dışına yönelmesine yol açabilmektedir. Yapay zekânın yüksek ekonomik değer üretme potansiyeli, bu düzenlemelerin gevşetilmesi yönünde baskı oluşturmakta ve etik ilkeler ile ekonomik çıkarlar arasında bir tercih ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yapay zekânın sağladığı ekonomik kazanımların insan merkezli etik değerlerin önüne geçip geçemeyeceği sorunsalı çerçevesinde kavramsal bir değerlendirme sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda araştırma, literatüre dayalı nitel bir yaklaşım benimsemekte ve mevcut tartışmaları kavramsal düzeyde incelemektedir. Elde edilen değerlendirmeler, Avrupa Birliği’nin küresel yapay zekâ rekabetinde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin ile rekabet etme isteğinin, etik ilkelerin önceliklendirilmesini zorlaştırabilecek bir bağlam oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede, etik yapay zekâ anlayışının gelişiminin ekonomik ve politik dinamiklerden bağımsız olarak ele alınamayacağı ve mevcut koşullar altında çeşitli sınırlılıklar barındırmakla birlikte, uygun yönetişim mekanizmaları ile geliştirilebilir bir yapı sunduğu değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

• Etik Yapay Zekâ
• Veri Koruma
• GDPR

Ethical Statement

Etik kurul onayı gerektirecek bir şekilde toplanmadığından, etik kurul onayı alınmamıştır.

Is Ethical Artificial Intelligence Possible?

Abstract

Ethical artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a widespread approach that refers to the development and use of AI technologies in a manner compatible with human values. However, the tendency of AI companies in Europe to relocate their operations to the United States is increasing debates about the applicability of this approach. One of the main reasons for this is the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR); the costs, controls, and restrictions imposed by this regulation on data use may lead global technology firms to move outside of Europe. The high economic value-generating potential of AI creates pressure for the relaxation of these regulations, presenting a choice between ethical principles and economic interests. This study aims to provide a conceptual evaluation within the framework of the question of whether the economic gains provided by AI can outweigh human-centered ethical values. Accordingly, the research adopts a qualitative approach based on the literature and examines the current debates at a conceptual level. The assessments indicate that the European Union's desire to compete with the United States and China in the global artificial intelligence race creates a context that may make prioritizing ethical principles difficult. In this context, it is considered that the development of an ethical understanding of artificial intelligence cannot be considered independently of economic and political dynamics, and while it presents various limitations under current conditions, it offers a structure that can be improved with appropriate governance mechanisms.

Keywords

• Ethical artificial intelligence
• Data protection
• GDPR

Supporting Institution

This research received no external funding.

Ethical Statement

This study does not involve human or animal participants. All procedures followed scientific and ethical principles, and all referenced studies are appropriately cited.

Thanks

The author do not wish to acknowledge any individual or institution.

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