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Genel Teori’deki Para Arzı Yaklaşımına İlişkin Uyumcu ve Yapısalcı Post-Keynesyen Yorumlar

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 63 - 74, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.55796/dusuncevetoplum.1571940

Abstract

İktisat literatüründe son dönemde Keynes’in 1936 yılında yayımlanan “İstihdam, Para ve Faizin Genel Teorisi” (Genel Teori) başlıklı eseri üzerinde önemli bir tartışma yürütülmektedir. Genel Teori başlıklı eserinde Keynes para arzının oluşum sürecini ikinci plana atarak daha çok paranın ekonomi üzerinde yarattığı etkiler üzerinde durduğunu belirtmiştir. Ancak, günümüzde, Uyumcu ve Yapısalcı Post-Keynesyen iktisatçılar Genel Teori ‘de Keynes’in para arzının oluşum sürecini ele alış biçimine ilişkin olarak önemli bir tartışma yürütmektedir. Uyumcu Post Keynesyenler, Keynes’in Genel Teori’ de ileri sürdüğü görüşlerin dışsal para arzı varsayımına dayandığını ileri sürmektedir. Öte yandan, Yapısalcı Post Keynesyenler, Genel Teori ‘de para yaratma süreci ile ilgili yapılan değerlendirmelerin içsel para arzı varsayımına uygun olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Böylece, Post-Keynesyen okulun iki önemli temsilcisinden Uyumcu Yaklaşım Genel Teori’ deki görüşlerin dışsal para arazına dayalı olarak üretildiğini belirtirken Yapısalcı Yaklaşım ise Genel Teori’ deki görüşleri içsel para arzı yaklaşımı ile uyumlu bulmaktadır. Literatürde sürdürülen bu ilginç tartışma çalışma kapsamında ele alınarak ayrıntılı şekilde analiz edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede Genel Teori ‘de para arzının ele alınış biçimine ilişkin Uyumcu ve Yapısalcı Post-Keynesyen iktisatçıların ileri sürdüğü tezler ayrı ayrı ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle Keynes’in Genel Teoride ileri sürdüğü görüşler ayrıntısı ile ortaya konulmuştur. Daha sonra Genel Teori’ de Keynes’in dışsal para arzı varsayımına dayandığını iddia eden Uyumcu Post Keynesyen iktisatçıların tezlerine yer verilmiştir. Son olarak da Genel Teori’ de Keynes’in ileri sürdüğü fikirlerin içsel para arzı ile uyumlu olduğunu ileri süren Yapısalcı Post Keynesyen iktisatçıların görüşleri ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu ilginç tartışma çerçevesinde sunulan karşılıklı görüşler günümüz para piyasasında ortaya çıkan karmaşık ekonomik ilişkileri anlamlandırmamıza yardımcı olacak çok önemli fırsatlar sunmuştur.

References

  • Bakala, T. A. (2024). The Validity of Keynes’ Preference for Liquidity Principle in the Endogenous Money Supply Thesis among Post-Keynesians. iBusiness, 16(1): 1-23.
  • Carvalho, F. J. C. (1992). Mr Keynes and the Post Keynesians. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Carvalho, F. J. C. (2013). Keynes and Endogeneity of Money. Review of Keynesian Economics, 1(4): 431-446.
  • Dow, S. (1997). Endogenous Money. G. C. Harcourt & P. A. Riach (Edt.), A Second Edition of the General Theory, Volume 2: Overview, Extensions, Method and New Developments içinde (ss. 43–55). London: Routledge.
  • Foster, G. P. (1986). The Endogeneity of Money and Keynes’s General Theory. Journal of Economic Issues, 20(4), 953-968.
  • Harcourt, G. C. & Kriesler, P. (2022). The Endogeneity of the Money Supply in the General Theory. Monetary Economics, Banking and Policy içinde (ss. 133-143). Routledge.
  • Işık, S. (2003). Keynes Para Arzının Belirlenmesinde Bir Endojenistmiydi? Ekonomik Yaklasım, 14(46): 71-106.
  • Kaldor, N. (1982). The Scourge of Monetarism. Oxford University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1930). A Treatise on Money: The Pure Theory of Money. A. Robinson & D. Moggridge (Edt.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes içinde. Cambridge University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1936). The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. A. Robinson & D. Moggridge (Edt.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes içinde. Cambridge University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1937a). Alternative Theories of the Rate of Interest. Economic Journal, Haziran: 241-252.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1937b). The 'Ex-ante Theory of The Rate of Interest. Economic Journal, Aralık: 663-669.
  • Lavoie, M. (1985). Credit and Money: The Dynamic Circuit, Overdraft Economics, and Post Keynesyen Economics.
  • M. Jarsulic (Der.), Money and Macro Policy içinde (ss. 63-84). Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.
  • Messori, M. (1991). Keynes’ General Theory and the Endogenous Thoney Supply. Economie Appliquée, 44(1): 125-152.
  • Moore, B. (1985). Wages, Bank Lending, and the Endogeneity of Credit Money. M. Jarsulic (Der.), Money and Macro Policy içinde (ss. 1-28). Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.
  • Oka, T. (2021). Interpretation of Chapter 17 of The General Theory and Reconciliation between the Endogenous Money Supply and the Liquidity Preference Theory. The Japanese Political Economy, 47(2-3): 261-280.
  • Rochon, L. P. (2012). Money’s Endogeneity, Keynes’s General Theory and Beyond. T. Cate (Der.), Keynes’s General Theory (Chapter 13). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Smithin, J. (2013). Keynes’s Theories of Money and Banking in the Treatise and the General Theory. Review of Keynesian Economics, 1(2): 242-256.
  • Wray, L. R. (1992). Alternative Approaches to Money and Interest Rates. Journal of Economic Issues, 26(4): 1145-1178.
  • Wray, L. R. (2010). Keynes’s Approach to Money: What can be Recovered?. R. W. Dimand; R. A. Mundell ve A.
  • Vercelli(Edt.), Keynes’s General Theory After Seventy Years içinde. International Economic Association Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London.

Accommodationist and Struturalist Post-Keynesian Interpretations of the Money Supply Approach in the General Theory

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 63 - 74, 31.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.55796/dusuncevetoplum.1571940

Abstract

In the economic literature, there has recently been an important debate on Keynes’ study titled “The General Theory of Employment, Money and Interest” (General Theory), published in 1936. In his work titled General Theory, Keynes stated that he put the process of money supply formation into the background and focused more on the effects of money on the economy. However, today, Accommodationist and Structuralist Post-Keynesian economists are carrying out an important debate on the way Keynes addressed the process of money supply formation in the General Theory. Accommodationist Post-Keynesians claim that the views put forward by Keynes in the General Theory assume of exogenous money supply. On the other hand, Structuralist Post-Keynesians claim that the evaluations made in the General Theory regarding the money creation process are in accordance with the assumption of endogenous money supply. Thus, while the Accommodationist Approach, one of the two important representatives of the post-Keynesian school, states that the views in the General Theory are produced based on exogenous money supply, the Structural Approach finds the views in the General Theory compatible with the endogenous money supply approach. This interesting debate in the literature has been analyzed in detail within the scope of the study. In this context, the theses put forward by the Conformist and Structural Post-Keynesian economists regarding the way money supply is handled in the General Theory are examined separately. Firstly, the views put forward by Keynes in the General Theory are examined in detail and his explanations regarding the formation of money supply are put under the spotlight. Then, the theses of the Accommodationist Post-Keynesian economists who claim that Keynes is based on the external money supply assumption in the General Theory are included. Finally, the views of the Structuralist Post Keynesian economists who argue that the ideas put forward by Keynes in the General Theory are compatible with the endogenous money supply are discussed. In conclusion, the mutual views presented within the framework of this interesting discussion have provided very important opportunities to help us make sense of the complex economic relationships that emerge in today's money market.

References

  • Bakala, T. A. (2024). The Validity of Keynes’ Preference for Liquidity Principle in the Endogenous Money Supply Thesis among Post-Keynesians. iBusiness, 16(1): 1-23.
  • Carvalho, F. J. C. (1992). Mr Keynes and the Post Keynesians. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Carvalho, F. J. C. (2013). Keynes and Endogeneity of Money. Review of Keynesian Economics, 1(4): 431-446.
  • Dow, S. (1997). Endogenous Money. G. C. Harcourt & P. A. Riach (Edt.), A Second Edition of the General Theory, Volume 2: Overview, Extensions, Method and New Developments içinde (ss. 43–55). London: Routledge.
  • Foster, G. P. (1986). The Endogeneity of Money and Keynes’s General Theory. Journal of Economic Issues, 20(4), 953-968.
  • Harcourt, G. C. & Kriesler, P. (2022). The Endogeneity of the Money Supply in the General Theory. Monetary Economics, Banking and Policy içinde (ss. 133-143). Routledge.
  • Işık, S. (2003). Keynes Para Arzının Belirlenmesinde Bir Endojenistmiydi? Ekonomik Yaklasım, 14(46): 71-106.
  • Kaldor, N. (1982). The Scourge of Monetarism. Oxford University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1930). A Treatise on Money: The Pure Theory of Money. A. Robinson & D. Moggridge (Edt.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes içinde. Cambridge University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1936). The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. A. Robinson & D. Moggridge (Edt.), The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes içinde. Cambridge University Press.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1937a). Alternative Theories of the Rate of Interest. Economic Journal, Haziran: 241-252.
  • Keynes, J. M. (1937b). The 'Ex-ante Theory of The Rate of Interest. Economic Journal, Aralık: 663-669.
  • Lavoie, M. (1985). Credit and Money: The Dynamic Circuit, Overdraft Economics, and Post Keynesyen Economics.
  • M. Jarsulic (Der.), Money and Macro Policy içinde (ss. 63-84). Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.
  • Messori, M. (1991). Keynes’ General Theory and the Endogenous Thoney Supply. Economie Appliquée, 44(1): 125-152.
  • Moore, B. (1985). Wages, Bank Lending, and the Endogeneity of Credit Money. M. Jarsulic (Der.), Money and Macro Policy içinde (ss. 1-28). Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing.
  • Oka, T. (2021). Interpretation of Chapter 17 of The General Theory and Reconciliation between the Endogenous Money Supply and the Liquidity Preference Theory. The Japanese Political Economy, 47(2-3): 261-280.
  • Rochon, L. P. (2012). Money’s Endogeneity, Keynes’s General Theory and Beyond. T. Cate (Der.), Keynes’s General Theory (Chapter 13). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Smithin, J. (2013). Keynes’s Theories of Money and Banking in the Treatise and the General Theory. Review of Keynesian Economics, 1(2): 242-256.
  • Wray, L. R. (1992). Alternative Approaches to Money and Interest Rates. Journal of Economic Issues, 26(4): 1145-1178.
  • Wray, L. R. (2010). Keynes’s Approach to Money: What can be Recovered?. R. W. Dimand; R. A. Mundell ve A.
  • Vercelli(Edt.), Keynes’s General Theory After Seventy Years içinde. International Economic Association Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Monetary Policy, Monetary-Banking
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Özcan Karahan 0000-0002-1179-2125

Early Pub Date December 31, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date October 22, 2024
Acceptance Date December 20, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karahan, Ö. (2024). Genel Teori’deki Para Arzı Yaklaşımına İlişkin Uyumcu ve Yapısalcı Post-Keynesyen Yorumlar. Düşünce Ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 6(2), 63-74. https://doi.org/10.55796/dusuncevetoplum.1571940

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