Kedi ve Köpeklerde Diabetes Mellitus

Year 2008, Issue: 1, 23 - 28, 01.06.2008

Aynur Şimşek Hasan İçen

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus polidipsi, poliüri ve polifaji gibi klinik bulgularla karakterize endokrin bir hastalıktır. Bu derlemede, kedi ve köpeklerde yaygın olan hastalığın etiyoloji, patogenezis, kliniklaboratuar bulguları, tanı, ayırıcı tanı ve sağaltımına yönelik bilgilerin verilmesi amaçlanmıştır

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, glikoz, insülin, kedi, köpek

Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs and Cats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a endocrine disease and characterized by polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia such as clinical findings. The aim of this review is to inform etiology, pathogenese, clinicallaboratory findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of disease

Keywords

Cat, Diabetes mellitus, dog, glucose, insulin

References

• 1. Ersöz B. (1990). Pankreas ve GI Traktus Hormonları. (Alınmıştır) Harper’ın Biyokimyası. Çevirenler Menteş G, Ersöz B, 22. Uluslararası Baskısı, s.666-686, Sistem Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
• 2. Kuzuya T, Nakagawa S, Satoh J et al. (2002). Report of Committee on Clasification and Diagnostic Criteria of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Res Pract Jan. 55 (1): 65-85.
• 3. Reusch CE, Tschour F, Kley S, Boretti S, SieberRuckstuhl N. (2006). Diabetes Mellitus in the Cat: A Review. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 148: 130-138.
• 4. Aytuğ N. (1998). Metabolizma Hastalıkları. Kedi ve Köpek Hastalıkları. İmren HY (editör). s.345-346. Medisan Yayınları, Ankara.
• 5. Şekeroğlu MR, Topal S, Algün E, Tarakçıoğlu M, Dülger H. (2000). Lipoprotein (a), Plasma Cholinesterasa and Other Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. YYÜ Sağ Bil Derg. 6 (1-2): 1-4.
• 6. Rand JS, Fleeman LM, Farrow HA et al. (2004). Canine and Feline Diabetes Mellitus Nature or Nuture, J. Nutr. 134: 2072-2080.
• 7. Hoenig M. (2002). Comparative Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs and Cats, Mol Cell Endocrinol. 197 (1- 2): 221-229.
• 8. Aktürk M, Olcay I, Karaahmetoğlu S, Berk F. (2002). Diabetes Mellitus ve Akciğer. Toraks Dergisi. 3: 217- 219.
• 9. Fraser CM. (1986). The Merck Veterinary Manual. Sixth edition, Merck and Co Inc., Rahway N.J, U.S.A.
• 10. Elliott DA, Nelson RW, Feldman EC, Neal LA. (1997). Glycosylated Hemoglobin Concentration for Assesment of Glycemic Control in Diabetic Cats. J Vet Intern Med. 11 (3): 161-165.
• 11. Hoenig M. (2005). Diabetes Mellitus and Testing in the Dog and Cats, In: 56 th Annual Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Pathologist (ACVP) and 40th Annual Meeting of American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASCVP), Boston.
• 12. Özyener F. (1998). Karbonhidrat Metabolizması. (Alınmıştır) Tıp Öğrencileri İçin Klinik Biyokimya, Ulukaya E (çeviri editörü). s.1-20. Nobel&Güneş Yayınları, Bursa.
• 13. Nelson RW, Griffey SM, Feldman EC, Ford SL. (1999). Transient Clinical Diabetes Mellitus in Cats: 10 Cases (1989-1991). J Vet Intern Med. 13 (1): 28-35.
• 14. Catchpole B, Ristic JM, Fleeman LM, Davison LJ. (2005). Canine Diabetes Mellitus: can Old Dogs Teach us New Tricks? Diabetologia. 48 (10): 1948-1956.
• 15. Çelik S, Bal R. (2002). Köpek ve Kedilerde Diabetes Mellitus: Böbrek Fonksiyon Bozuklukları ve İdrar Taşı Oluşumu ile İlişkisi. Uludağ Univ., J., Fac., Vet. Med, 21: 43-48.
• 16. Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus (1997). Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 20: 1183–1197.
• 17. Nelson RW. (1995). Diabetes Mellitus. (in) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Ettingen SJ, Feldman EC (eds), pp: 1510-1537. 4.ed.WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
• 18. Stogdale L. (1986). Definition of Diabetes Mellitus. Cornell Vet. 76 (2):156-174.
• 19. Zerbe CA. (2001). What is so Special about Feline Diabetes Mellitus? Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 3: 99-103.
• 20. Rand JS, Marshall RD. (2005). Diabetes Mellitus in Cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 35 (1): 211- 224.
• 21. Manns JG, Martin CL. (1972). Plasma Insulin, Glucagon and Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Dogs with Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Vet Res. 33: 981-985. “Alınmıştır’’ Çelik S, Bal R. (2002). Köpek ve Kedilerde Diabetes Mellitus: Böbrek Fonksiyon Bozuklukları ve İdrar Taşı Oluşumu ile İlişkisi. Uludag Univ. J. Fac. Vet. Med. 21: 43-48.
• 22. Atkinson MA. (2000). Type 1 Diabates (in) Atlas of Clinical Endocrinology. Koreman GS (ed). Vol 2, Diabetes. Current Medicine. 45-58. Philadelphia.
• 23. Lust E. (2002). Diabetes Mellitus in Canines and Felines. U.S Pharmacist. Vol. 27: 11.
• 24. Başoğlu A, Sevinç M (2004). Evcil Hayvanlarda Metabolik ve Endokrin Hastalıklar. Pozitif Matbaacılık, Konya.
• 25. Reusch CE. (2000). An Overview of Feline Diabetes Mellitus. Feline Clinical Nutrition Smposium, April 25, Amsterdam.
• 26. Warram JH, Martin BC, Krolewski LS. (1990). Slow Glucose Removal Rate and Hyperinsulinemia Preceede the Development of Type II Diabetes in the Offspring of Diabetic Parents. Ann Intern Med. 113: 909-915.
• 27. Lutz TA, Rand JS. (1995). Pathogenesis of Feline Diabetes Mellitus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 25 (3): 527-552.
• 28. Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S et al. (2001). The Hormone Resistin Links Obesity to Diabetes. Nature. 409:307-312.
• 29. O’Brien TD. (2002). Pathogenesis of Feline Diabetes Mellitus. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 197 (1-2): 213-219.
• 30. Weaver KE, Rozanski EA, Mahony OM, Chan DL, Freeman LM. (2006). Use of Glargine and Lente İnsulins in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus. J Vet Intern Med. 20 (2): 234-238.
• 31. Peterson ME. (1984).Decreased Insulin Sensitivity and Glucose Tolerance in Spontaneous Canine Hyperadrenocorticism. Res Vet Sci. 36: 177-182. “Alınmıştır’’ Çelik S, Bal R. Köpek ve Kedilerde Diabetes Mellitus: Böbrek Fonksiyon Bozuklukları ve İdrar Taşı Oluşumu ile İlişkisi. (2002). Uludag Univ. J. Fac. Vet. Med. 21: 43-48.
• 32. Kahn SE, Horber FF, Prigeon RL. (1993). Effect of Glucocoricoids and Growth Hormone Treatment on Proinsulin Levels in Humans. Diabetes. 42: 1082-1085.
• 33. Turgut K. (2000). Veteriner Klinik Laboratuar Teşhis.1. Baskı, Bahçıvanlar Basım Sanayi AŞ, Konya.
• 34. Schaer M. (2003). Diabetes Mellitus, (in) Clinical Medicine of the Dog & Cat. Manson Publishing Ltd, London.
• 35. Karagül H, Fidancı UR, Altıntaş A, Sel T. (2000). Klinik Biyokimya, 1. Baskı, Medisan Yayınları, Ankara.
• 36. Bush BM. (1991). Interprectation of Laboratory Results for Small Animal Clinicians. Blackwell Scientific Publications, London.
• 37. Rand J. (1999). Current Understanding of Feline Diabetes: Part 1, Pathogenesis. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 1:143-153.
• 38. Fleeman LM, Rand JS. (2001). Management of Canine Diabetes. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 31 (5): 855-880.
• 39. Nonogaki K. (2000). New Insight Into Sympathetic Regulation of Glucose and Fat Metabolism. Diabetologia. 43: 45.
• 40. Guyton AC, Hall JE. (2000). Textbook of Medical Physilogy. 10th ed, WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
• 41. Kaymak K. (1996). Pankreasın Endokrin Fonksiyonları ve Karbonhidrat Metabolizmasının Düzenlenmesi. (Alınmıştır) Tıbbi Fizyoloji, s. 411-441. 1.Cilt, 17. Baskı, Barış Kitabevi, Ankara.
• 42. Berne RM, Matthew NL, Koeppen BM, Stanton BA. (1998). Hormones of the Pancreatic Islets, in Physiology, Fourth ed, Mosby Inc, Philadelphia.
• 43. Bilge M. (1975). Hormonlar Bilimi, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Yayınları, Çeltüt Matbaacılık Koll. Şti, İstanbul.
• 44. İmren HY, Şahal M. (1996). Veteriner İç Hastalıkları, 4. Baskı, Medisan Yayınları, Ankara.
• 45. Kinoshita JH. (1965). Cataract in Galactosemia. Investigative Opthalmology. 4, 768-799.
• 46. Peiffer RL, Gelatt KN, Gwin RM. (1977). Diabetic Cataract in the Dog. Canine Practice. 2:18-22.
• 47. Graham PA. (1995). Diabetes Mellitus. Erişim: http://www.petdiabetes.com/caninediabetespg.html Erişim tarihi:05.02.2008.
• 48. Salgado D, Reusch C, Spiess B. (2000). Diabetic Cataracts: Different Incidence between Dogs and Cats, Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 142 (6): 349-353.
• 49. Bennett N. (2002). Monitoring Techniques for Diabetes Mellitus in the Dog and the Cat, Clin Tech Small Anim Pract. 17 (2): 65-69.
• 50. Marks SL. (2003). Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Feline Pacreatic Disease. Feline Medicine Symposium.Waltam USA.
• 51. Complications of Insulin Therapy in Diabetic Cats.Erişim: http://www.walthamusa.com/articles/NELSON.pdf Erişim tarihi: 07.02.2008.
• 52. Moise NS, Reimers TJ. (1983). Insulin Therapy in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus. 188 (2): 158-164.
• 53. Thoresen SI, Bjerkas E, Aleksandersen M, Peiffer RL. (2002). Diabetes Mellitus and Bilateral Cataracts in a Kitten. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 4:115- 122.
• 54. Nagasaka S, Murakami T, Uchikawa T, Ishikawa SE, Saito T. (1995). Effect of Glycemic Control on Calcium and Phosphorus Handling and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Patients with Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Endocr J. 42 (3): 377-383.
• 55. Christopher MM. (1995). Hematologic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 25 (3): 625-637.
• 56. Peterson ME. (1994). Endocrine diseases. (in) The Cat, Diseases and Clinical Management. Sherding RG (ed). 2 ed, pp: 1465-1470. Churchill Livingstone, New York.
• 57. Elliot DA, Nelson RW, Reusch CE, Feldman EC, Neal LA. (1999). Comparison of Serum Fructosamine and Blood Glycosylated Hemoglobin Concentrations for Assessment of Glycemic Control in Cats with Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 214 (12): 1794-1798.
• 58. Lutz TA, Rand JS. (1993). A review of New Developments in Type 2 Diabetes in Human Beings and Cats. Br Vet J. 149 (6): 527-536
• 59. Mazzaferro EM, Greco DS, Turner AS, Fettman MJ. (2003). Teratment of Feline Diabetes Mellitus Using an Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor and a Low-Carbohydrate Diet. J Feline Med Surg. 5 (3): 183-189.
• 60. Bertoy EH, Nelson RW, Feldman EC. (1995). Effect of Lente İnsulin for Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in 12 Cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1; 206 (11): 1729-1731.
• 61. Martin G, Rand J. (2000). Current Understanding of Feline Diabetes: Part 2, Treatment. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 2: 3-17.