Diazinon Standardının Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)’un Beyin Dokusu Üzerindeki Histopatolojik ve Ultrayapısal Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 46 - 56, 30.06.2024

Pelin Uğurlu , Elif İpek Satar , Tarık Çiçek

https://doi.org/10.47027/duvetfd.1450989

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, 21 gün boyunca diazinon standartının subletal bir konsantrasyonuna maruz bırakılan Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) beyin dokusunda histopatolojik ve ultra yapısal değişiklikler belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla, O. niloticus bireyleri, 21 gün boyunca 280 µg/L (LC50/10) diazinon konsantrasyonuna maruz bırakılmış ve maruziyetin 7., 14. ve 21. günlerinde, maruz kalan canlıların beyin örnekleri alınmıştır. Beyin örneklerinin histolojik ve ultra yapısal preperasyonunun ardından, hazırlanan örnekler ışık ve geçirimli elektron mikroskopları (TEM) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Örneklerin değerlendirilmesi sonucu, subletal diazinon konsantrasyonunun O. niloticus'un beyin dokusunda histopatolojik ve ultra yapısal değişikliklere neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu değişikliklerin şiddeti zamanla artmıştır. En şiddetli histopatolojik değişiklik, maruziyetin 14. ve 21. günlerinde belirlenen nekroz olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, histopatolojik olarak en sık gözlenen değişiklikler beyin glial hücrelerinde bulutlu şişme, hipertrofi ve piknotik çekirdek olarak belirlenmiştir. Ultra yapısal olarak, hücrelerde mitokondrial dejenerasyon, kristoliz, akson ve dendritlerde deformasyon belirlenmiştir. Bu ultra yapısal bulgular, subletal diazinon konsantrasyonunun hücrelerin enerji metabolizmasını bozduğunu ve bu durumun O. niloticus'un beyininde nörodejeneratif işlev bozukluğuna yol açabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Beyin dokusu, bulutlu şişme, geçirimli elektron mikroskobu, histopatolojik değişiklik, kristoliz, ultrayapısal değişiklik

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim.

Supporting Institution

TÜRKİYE BİLİMSEL VE TEKNOLOJİK ARAŞTIRMA KURUMU-TÜBİTAK

Project Number

114Z730

Thanks

Elektron Mikroskop teknisyeni Süreyya Kaçar'a teşekkür ederiz.

Impact of Diazinon Standard on Histopathological and Ultrastructural Properties on Brain Tissue of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Abstract

In this study, the histopathological and ultrastructural alterations in the brain tissue of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) exposed to a sublethal concentration of diazinon standard for 21 days were determined. For this purpose, O. niloticus individuals were exposed to 280 µg/L (LC50/10) diazinon concentration for 21 days and on the 7th, 14th and 21st days of the exposure, the brain samples of these individuals were removed. After the histological and ultrastructural preparations of the brain samples, the prepared samples were evaluated with light and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). Examination of the samples indicated that a sublethal dose of diazinon induced histopathological and ultrastructural modifications in the brain tissue of O. niloticus. The severity of these alterations was increased with the duration of the time. The most severe histopathological alteration was necrosis determined on the 14th and 21st days of exposure. However, histopathologically the most frequent changes were cloudy swelling, hypertrophy and pycnotic nucleus in the glial cells of the brain. Ultrastructurally, mitochondrial degeneration, cristolysis, axon and dendrite deformations were seen in the tissues. These ultrastructural findings showed that the sublethal concentration of diazinon disturbed the energy metabolism of the cells which might result in neurodegenerative dysfunction of O. niloticus brain.

Keywords

Brain tissue, cloudy swelling, cristolysis, histopathological alteration, ultrastructural alteration, transmission electron microscope

Ethical Statement

This study is an original study; I acted in accordance with the principles and rules of scientific ethics in all stages of the study, including preparation, data collection, analysis and presentation of information; I cite sources for all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and include these sources in the bibliography; I declare that I have not made any changes to the data used, and that I have complied with the ethical duties and responsibilities of the study by accepting all the terms and conditions of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Supporting Institution

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey-TUBITAK

Project Number

114Z730

Thanks

we thank Süreyya Kaçar, electron microscope technician, for her outstanding contributions to our work.

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