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Changes in Germination of Flower Seeds After 16 Years in Cold Storage

Year 2024, Volume: 20 Issue: Özel Sayı, 71 - 82, 23.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.58816/duzceod.1540093

Abstract

This study was carried out to test the changes in germination percentages of the seeds of 11 flower species kept hermetically sealed in cold storage (5 °C, 6.7-7.6 % seed moisture) for 16 years. Pelargoniums, tagetes, zinnias, petunias and gazanias were found to be the most resilient species, in which seed germination was reduced between 0 and 3% following storage compared to initial germination values. Dahlias, salvia and verbena were medium tolerant species, as they lost germination at between 22 and 30%. The most sensitive species were antirrhinum, viola and impatiens, which had a germination loss as high as 94%. As vigour indication, 7th day radicle counts showed that the more resilient species had higher earlier germination values. Comparison of the storage of hybrid and open-pollinated cultivars made in two species, Pelargonium and viola, indicated that germination was not lost in pelargonium hybrids, but germination loss was higher than 77% in both open pollinated and hybrid seed types of viola. The results indicated that seed storage potential in flowers was greatly affected by species differences and should be taken into account for plant production practices.

References

  • Baskin, C.C., & Baskin, J.M. (2014). Seeds:Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. 2nd Edition Elsevier San Diego: Academic Press.
  • Bewley, J.D., & Black, M. (1982). Viability, dormancy, and environmental control, Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds. New York: Springer-Verlag,
  • Carpenter, W.J., & Boucher, J.F. (1992). Temperature requirements for the storage and germination of Delphinium x cultorum seed. HortScience, 27(9), 989-992.
  • Carpenter, W.J., Ostmark, E.R., & Cornell, J.A. (1995a). Evaluation of temperature and moisture content during storage on the germination of flowering annual seed. HortScience, 30 (5), 1003-1006.
  • Carpenter, W.J., Ostmark, E.R. & Cornell, J.A. (1995b). Temperature and seed moisture govern germination and storage of gerbera seed. HortScience, 30(1), 98-101.
  • Carpenter, W.J., & Cornell, J. A. (1990). Temperature and relative humidity recommendations for storing bedding plant seed. University of Florida Bulletin. 893
  • Copeland, L.O., & McDonald, M.B. (1995). Principles of Seed Science and Technology. New York: Chapman and Hall.
  • Doijode, S.D. (2001). Seed Storage of Horticultural Crops. Philadelphia: Haworth Press.
  • Corbineau, F. (2024). The effects of storage conditions on seed deterioration and ageing: How to improve seed longevity. Seeds, 2024, 3.
  • Demir, I., Celikkol, T. Sarıkamıs, G. & Eksi, C. (2011). Vigor tests to estimate seedling emergence potential and longevity in Viola seed lots. HortScience, 46 (3), 402-405.
  • Demir, I., Gökdas Z. & Eken Türer, N. İ. (2020a). Changes in Seed Germination during Storage of Flower Seeds: Species Differences. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science, 6 (3), 416-422
  • Demir, I., Erturk, N. & Gokdas, Z. (2020b). Seed vigour evaluation in petunia seed lots to predict seedling emergence and longevity. Seed Science and Technology, 48 (3), 391-400.
  • Demır, I., & Samıt, Y. (2001). Seed quality in relation to fruit maturation and seed dry weight during development in tomato Seed Science and Technology, 29, 453-462
  • Demir, I., & Ozcoban, M. (2007). Dry and Ultra-dry storage of pepper, aubergine, winter squash, summer squash, bean, cowpea, okra, onion, leek, cabbage, radish, lettuce and melon seeds at− 20 C and 20 C over five years. Seed Science and Technology, 35(1), 165-175
  • De Vitis, M.; Hay, F.R.; Dickie, J.B.; Trivedi, C.; Choi, J., & Fiegener, R. (2020). Seed storage: Maintaining seed viability and vigor for restoration use. Restoration Ecology. 28, S249–S255.
  • Ellis, R.H. (2022). Seed ageing, survival and improved seed viability equation; forty years on. Seed Science and Technology, 50 (1), 1-20.
  • Guloksuz, T. & Demir, I. (2012). Vigor tests in geranium, salvia, gazania and impatiens seed lots to estimate seedling emergence potential in modules. Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 12, 133-138
  • Groot, S.P.C., (2022). Seed maturation and its practical implications. Seed Science and Technology, 50(1), 141-151
  • ISTA. (2020). International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
  • Justice, O. L., & Bass, L. N. (1978). Principles and Practices of Seed Storage. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington DC: Agriculture Handbook 506.
  • Mavi, K., Demir, I., & Matthews, S. (2010). Mean germination time estimates the relative emergence of seed lots of three cucurbit crops under stress conditions. Seed Science and Technology, 38, 14-25.
  • McDonalds, M.B. (1999). Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology, 27, 177-237.
  • McDonalds, M.B. (2005). Flower Seed Longevity and Deterioration. Flower Seeds Biology and Technology, UK: CABI Publishing,
  • Nadarajan, J.; Walters, C.; Pritchard, H.W.; Ballesteros, D. & Colville, L. (2023). Seed Longevity—The Evolution of Knowledge and a Conceptual Framework. Plants, 12, 471.
  • Schmidt, D. (2002). Presentation at International Seed Federation Congress. Chicago, Illinois.
  • Walters, C. (2015). Orthodoxy, recalcitrance and in-between: describing variation in seed storage characteristics using thresholds responses to water loss. Planta, 242, 397-406

Çiçek Tohumlarında 16 Yıllık Soğuk Depolama Sonrası Çimlenmedeki Değişimler

Year 2024, Volume: 20 Issue: Özel Sayı, 71 - 82, 23.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.58816/duzceod.1540093

Abstract

Bu çalışma 11 adet farklı çiçek türü tohumunun5 C’de % 6.7 ile 7.6 tohum neminde 16 yıl boyunca hermetik şekilde depolanması sonucu çimlenme oranlarındaki değişimi test etmek için yürütülmüştür. Sardunya, kadife, kirli hanım, petunya ve koyun gözü türleri depolamaya en dirençli türler olarak ve bu türlerde çimlenme başlangıç yüzdelerine göre sadece %0-3 arasında değişmiştir. Yıldız çiçeği, ateş çiçeği ve mine çiçeği tohumları orta düzeyde dirençli türler olarak saptanmış ve çimlenmedeki canlılık kaybı %22 ile 30 arasında değişmiştir. En hassas türler olarak aslanağzı, camgüzeli ve menekşe saptanmış olup bu türlerde çimlenme kaybı başlangıç canlılığına göre %94’e kadar ulaşmıştır. Tohum gücündeki değişim olarak 7. gün çimlenme değerleri saptanmış ve depolamaya dirençli olan türler bu sayımda da yüksek değerler vermiştir. Hibrit ve açık tozlanan çeşitler menekşe ve sardunyada karşılaştırılmıştır. Sardunyada hibrit tohumlar depolamada canlılıklarını hiç kaybetmezken menekşede hem hibrit hem de açık tozlananlarda canlılık kaybı %77’ye kadar çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar çiçek tohumlarının türler bazında depolamaya dirençliliklerinin farklı olduğunu ve bunun bitki üretiminde dikkate alınması gerektiği sonucunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Baskin, C.C., & Baskin, J.M. (2014). Seeds:Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. 2nd Edition Elsevier San Diego: Academic Press.
  • Bewley, J.D., & Black, M. (1982). Viability, dormancy, and environmental control, Physiology and Biochemistry of Seeds. New York: Springer-Verlag,
  • Carpenter, W.J., & Boucher, J.F. (1992). Temperature requirements for the storage and germination of Delphinium x cultorum seed. HortScience, 27(9), 989-992.
  • Carpenter, W.J., Ostmark, E.R., & Cornell, J.A. (1995a). Evaluation of temperature and moisture content during storage on the germination of flowering annual seed. HortScience, 30 (5), 1003-1006.
  • Carpenter, W.J., Ostmark, E.R. & Cornell, J.A. (1995b). Temperature and seed moisture govern germination and storage of gerbera seed. HortScience, 30(1), 98-101.
  • Carpenter, W.J., & Cornell, J. A. (1990). Temperature and relative humidity recommendations for storing bedding plant seed. University of Florida Bulletin. 893
  • Copeland, L.O., & McDonald, M.B. (1995). Principles of Seed Science and Technology. New York: Chapman and Hall.
  • Doijode, S.D. (2001). Seed Storage of Horticultural Crops. Philadelphia: Haworth Press.
  • Corbineau, F. (2024). The effects of storage conditions on seed deterioration and ageing: How to improve seed longevity. Seeds, 2024, 3.
  • Demir, I., Celikkol, T. Sarıkamıs, G. & Eksi, C. (2011). Vigor tests to estimate seedling emergence potential and longevity in Viola seed lots. HortScience, 46 (3), 402-405.
  • Demir, I., Gökdas Z. & Eken Türer, N. İ. (2020a). Changes in Seed Germination during Storage of Flower Seeds: Species Differences. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science, 6 (3), 416-422
  • Demir, I., Erturk, N. & Gokdas, Z. (2020b). Seed vigour evaluation in petunia seed lots to predict seedling emergence and longevity. Seed Science and Technology, 48 (3), 391-400.
  • Demır, I., & Samıt, Y. (2001). Seed quality in relation to fruit maturation and seed dry weight during development in tomato Seed Science and Technology, 29, 453-462
  • Demir, I., & Ozcoban, M. (2007). Dry and Ultra-dry storage of pepper, aubergine, winter squash, summer squash, bean, cowpea, okra, onion, leek, cabbage, radish, lettuce and melon seeds at− 20 C and 20 C over five years. Seed Science and Technology, 35(1), 165-175
  • De Vitis, M.; Hay, F.R.; Dickie, J.B.; Trivedi, C.; Choi, J., & Fiegener, R. (2020). Seed storage: Maintaining seed viability and vigor for restoration use. Restoration Ecology. 28, S249–S255.
  • Ellis, R.H. (2022). Seed ageing, survival and improved seed viability equation; forty years on. Seed Science and Technology, 50 (1), 1-20.
  • Guloksuz, T. & Demir, I. (2012). Vigor tests in geranium, salvia, gazania and impatiens seed lots to estimate seedling emergence potential in modules. Propagation of Ornamental Plants, 12, 133-138
  • Groot, S.P.C., (2022). Seed maturation and its practical implications. Seed Science and Technology, 50(1), 141-151
  • ISTA. (2020). International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
  • Justice, O. L., & Bass, L. N. (1978). Principles and Practices of Seed Storage. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington DC: Agriculture Handbook 506.
  • Mavi, K., Demir, I., & Matthews, S. (2010). Mean germination time estimates the relative emergence of seed lots of three cucurbit crops under stress conditions. Seed Science and Technology, 38, 14-25.
  • McDonalds, M.B. (1999). Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology, 27, 177-237.
  • McDonalds, M.B. (2005). Flower Seed Longevity and Deterioration. Flower Seeds Biology and Technology, UK: CABI Publishing,
  • Nadarajan, J.; Walters, C.; Pritchard, H.W.; Ballesteros, D. & Colville, L. (2023). Seed Longevity—The Evolution of Knowledge and a Conceptual Framework. Plants, 12, 471.
  • Schmidt, D. (2002). Presentation at International Seed Federation Congress. Chicago, Illinois.
  • Walters, C. (2015). Orthodoxy, recalcitrance and in-between: describing variation in seed storage characteristics using thresholds responses to water loss. Planta, 242, 397-406
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Plant Material and Growing
Journal Section Special Issue
Authors

Tuba Gülöksüz 0000-0001-9268-8698

Ahmet Hakan Eker 0009-0009-4516-976X

Serpil Mis 0000-0003-1883-6896

İbrahim Demir 0000-0003-4515-0689

Publication Date December 23, 2024
Submission Date August 28, 2024
Acceptance Date November 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 20 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA Gülöksüz, T., Eker, A. H., Mis, S., Demir, İ. (2024). Changes in Germination of Flower Seeds After 16 Years in Cold Storage. Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi, 20(Özel Sayı), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.58816/duzceod.1540093

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