Effects of Pollen Viability and Germination Rates on Fruit Set, Seed Number and Seed Germination Rate in Cut Rose Hybridization Breeding

Year 2024, Volume: 20 Issue: Özel Sayı, 392 - 404, 23.12.2024

Şüheda Basire Akça Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.58816/duzceod.1560299

Abstract

Rose hybridization breeding programs, the development of new hybrid varieties consists of many steps, starting from controlled pollination to seed maturation and then germination. Hybridization breeding is a challenging process due to its low success rate, which can be attributed to pollen fertility and changes in environmental conditions. To avoid low seed yield, understanding the male parent's pollen viability and germination rate is critically important for increasing successful pollination rates. This study was conducted to determine the performance of Rosa odorata ’Louis XIV’ species and Esmeralda commercial cut rose variety as male parents in hybridization breeding. In the study, the number of fruits and seeds, fruit set and seed germination rates were determined in 10 different hybrid combinations. As a result of the hybridizations; the highest average seed number per fruit (28.00 seeds) was achieved from the Tineke x Rosa odorata hybrid combination, while the Avalanche x Rosa odorata hybrid combination produced the lowest average seed number per fruit (5.00 seeds). The highest germination rate was 50.00% in the Tineke x Rosa odorata combination, followed by 37.50% in the Harmonie x Esmeralda combination. The lowest germination rate was observed in the Lady Rose x Esmeralda combination, at 5.00%.

Keywords

Crossing, Cut rose, Hybridization, Seed

Kesme Gül Melezleme Islahında Farklı Melez Kombinasyonlarında Meyve Tutumu, Tohum Sayısı ve Tohum Çimlenme Oranının Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Gül melezleme ıslah programlarında, yeni hibrit çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi kontrollü tozlama işleminden başlayarak, tohumun olgunlaşması ve ardından çimlenmeye kadar birçok adımdan oluşmaktadır. Melezleme ıslahı, polen fertilitesi ve çevresel koşullarda meydana gelen değişiklikler nedeniyle düşük başarı oranına sahip zorlu bir süreçtir. Özellikle düşük tohum verimini önlemek için, baba ebeveynin polen canlılığı ve çimlenme oranının bilinmesi, başarılı tozlaşma oranının artırılmasında kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Rosa odorata ’Louis XIV’ türü ve Esmeralda ticari kesme gül çeşidinin melezleme ıslahında baba ebeveyn olarak performansını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, 10 farklı melez kombinasyonunda meyve ve tohum sayısı ile meyve tutum ve tohum çimlenme oranları belirlenmiştir. Melezlemeler sonucunda; meyve başına ortalama tohum sayısı en fazla (28.00 adet) Tineke x Rosa odorata, meyve başına ortalama tohum sayısı en az (5.00 adet) Avalanche x Rosa odorata melez kombinasyonundan elde edilmiştir. En yüksek çimlenme oranı % 50.00 ile Tineke x Rosa odorata melez kombinasyonunda belirlenmiş, bunu %37.50 ile Harmonie x Esmeralda melez kombinasyonu takip etmiştir. En düşük çimlenme oranı ise % 5.00 ile Lady Rose x Esmeralda melez kombinasyonunda gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

Kesme gül, melezleme, tozlama, tohum

Thanks

Bu çalışma VIII. Ulusal Süs Bitkileri Kongresi’nde sunulmuştur.

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