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MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 305 - 337, 23.03.2023

Mehmet Karanfiloğlu , Murat Sağlam

https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1189656

Abstract

The acceleration of digitalization and post-truth debates due to the pandemic process focuses on technology and its effects. As the order evolves from the known universe to the Metaverse, individuals are also in the middle of a centralization where one single instrument controls everything with technological proximity. Centralization forces everyone into a more accessible and efficient communication process by consolidating many possibilities into a single device, but it also makes the spread of information faster and more uncontrolled than ever, diminishing the importance of truth. This post-truth world creates individuals who create their reality, impacting the growth of individuals the most. Cyberbullying emerges at this point, endangering children and teenagers' development and mental health. From a media perspective, technological advancements do not guarantee correct information dissemination. As the spread rate and opportunities increase, so do false information and news. It triggers the spread of false information, fake news, and cyberbullying when the truth is irrelevant. Therefore, the need for verifying information arises. Fact-checking methods are directly related to digital literacy and media literacy problems. Understanding how to verify the information and protect against false, deceptive, and fake news is crucial. The study examines two information verification platforms. Research findings reveal that news is verified by various methods and techniques using numerous tools by platforms, primarily by photo or video content, resulting in the detection of information distortions such as false connection and fabricated-manipulated content. The study also found that various photo/video verification tools and anonymous websites were frequently used.

Keywords

Media Literacy Cyberbullying Information Verification Fact-Checking

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MEDYA OKURYAZARLIĞI, DOĞRULUK KONTROLÜ VE SİBER ZORBALIK: BİLGİ DOĞRULAMA YÖNTEMLERİ

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 305 - 337, 23.03.2023

Mehmet Karanfiloğlu , Murat Sağlam

https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1189656

Abstract

Pandemi süreciyle birlikte hızlanan dijitalleşme ve post-truth tartışmaları, teknoloji ve etkilerine odaklanmaktadır. Düzen, bugün bilinen evrenden Metaverse'e evrilirken, diğer açılardan da bireyler, tek bir enstrümanın teknolojik yakınsama ile her şeyi kontrol ettiği bir merkezileşmenin içindedir. Merkezileşme, pek çok olasılığı tek bir cihazda toplayarak herkesi daha erişilebilir ve daha etkin bir iletişim sürecine zorlasa da bilgi/haber yayılımını hiç olmadığı kadar hızlı ve kontrolsüz hale getirmektedir. Hız ve kontrol eksikliği hakikati önemsizleştirerek; bu post-truth dünyasında bahsi geçen kendi gerçeğini üreten-yaşayan bireyleri ve toplumları yaratmaktadır. Bu durumdan en çok büyüyen ve gelişen bireyler olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Siber zorbalık tam bu noktada ortaya çıkmakta, maruz bıraktıkları ile çocuk ve ergen gelişimini ve psikolojik sağlığını tehlikeye atmaktadır. Medya açısından değerlendirildiğinde teknolojik gelişmeler, doğru bilginin dolaşımını garanti etmemektedir. Dolaşım ivmesi ve olanaklar arttıkça, yanlış bilgilerin/haberlerin yayılması da artmaktadır. Bu da hakikatin önemsizleştiği bir ortamda yanlış bilgilerin, sahte haberlerin yayılmasını, aynı şekilde siber zorbalığı da tetikleyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bilgiyi/haberi doğrulama gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Doğrulama kontrol yöntemleri, dijital okuryazarlık ve medya okuryazarlığı sorunlarıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Hangi bilgilerin nasıl doğrulanacağını; yanlış, hileli ve sahte haberlere karşı nasıl korunacağını anlamak çok önemlidir. Çalışma bu eksende iki bilgi doğrulama platformunu mercek altına alarak çeşitli sonuçlar elde etmiştir. Araştırma bulguları; haberlerin platformlar tarafından çeşitli yöntem ve tekniklerle birçok araç kullanılarak, çoğunlukla fotoğraf veya video içeriklerinin, doğrulamaya tabi tutulduğu, bunun sonucunda hatalı ilişkilendirme, uydurma ve manipülasyon gibi bilgi bozukluk kategorilerinin tespit edildiği ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca çalışmada; sıklıkla çeşitli web sitelerinin, foto/video gibi doğrulama araçlarının kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Medya Okuryazarlığı Siber Zorbalık Bilgi Doğrulama Teyit

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  • BAUMAN, Sheri. (2014). Cyberbullying: What Counselors Need to Know, New Mexico: John Wiley and Sons.
  • BAYAR, Yusuf (2010). Okul Sosyal İklimi ile Geleneksel ve Sanal Zorbalık Arasındaki İlişkiler: Genellenmiş Akran Algısının Aracı Rolü, Yüksek lisans Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
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  • BHAT, Christine Suniti, CHANG, Shih-Hua and LINSCOTT, Jamie A. (2010). “Addressing Cyberbullying as a Media Literacy Issue”, New Horizons in Education, 58(3), p.34-43.
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  • BUCKINGHAM, David (2007). "Media Education Goes Digital: An Introduction", Special Issue. Learning, Media, and Technology, 32(2), p.111-119.
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There are 73 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Karanfiloğlu 0000-0002-4895-4220

Murat Sağlam 0000-0001-8036-7942

Publication Date March 23, 2023
Submission Date October 15, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Karanfiloğlu, M., & Sağlam, M. (2023). MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(1), 305-337. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1189656
AMA Karanfiloğlu M, Sağlam M. MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS. e-gifder. March 2023;11(1):305-337. doi:10.19145/e-gifder.1189656
Chicago Karanfiloğlu, Mehmet, and Murat Sağlam. “MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11, no. 1 (March 2023): 305-37. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1189656.
EndNote Karanfiloğlu M, Sağlam M (March 1, 2023) MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11 1 305–337.
IEEE M. Karanfiloğlu and M. Sağlam, “MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS”, e-gifder, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 305–337, 2023, doi: 10.19145/e-gifder.1189656.
ISNAD Karanfiloğlu, Mehmet - Sağlam, Murat. “MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11/1 (March 2023), 305-337. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1189656.
JAMA Karanfiloğlu M, Sağlam M. MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS. e-gifder. 2023;11:305–337.
MLA Karanfiloğlu, Mehmet and Murat Sağlam. “MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2023, pp. 305-37, doi:10.19145/e-gifder.1189656.
Vancouver Karanfiloğlu M, Sağlam M. MEDIA LITERACY, FACT-CHECKING, AND CYBERBULLYING: INFORMATION VERIFICATION METHODS. e-gifder. 2023;11(1):305-37.
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