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ACCEPTANCE WITHOUT OTHERING: ANALYSIS OF "FLOAT-FLYING!" the ANIMATED FILM ON STIGMA

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 562 - 590, 23.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1199083

Abstract

Children with autism and their parents experience high levels of stigma. They internalize stigma, which often causes intense psychological problems and has a negative impact on providing care. Television productions have an effect on people's perspective. For this reason, movies and TV series are also used as an effective ways for people to have a positive attitude towards disability. It is thought that it is critical to create supportive and appropriate content in order to introduce Autism Spectrum Disorder, to accept children with ASD without being marginalized, to support children and their parents, and to develop positive perceptions of both children and their parents. For these reasons, in this research, it is aimed to analyze the animated film "Float" in terms of stigma. The fact that no such research has been done on animated films reveals the importance of the study. The research is a qualitative research. It was carried out using the document analysis method. Float is a short film about the process of a father accepting his son's special condition and lasts 7 minutes. The analysis of the film was carried out using the content analysis method. As a result of the research, it was determined that float animation gives a positive perspective on the approach to children with special needs, supports positive gains in not being stigmatized, and can contribute to preventing stigma.

References

  • ADLER, Alfred. (2014). Yaşamın anlam ve amacı. İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • ADLER, Alfred. (2011). Psikolojik aktivite: Üstünlük duygusu ve toplumsal ilgi. (B. Çorakçı, Çev.) (9. bs.). İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • ALI, Afia., HASSIOTIS, Angela., STRYDOM, Andre., & KING, Michael. (2012). Self-stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: a systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(6), 2122–2140.
  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • AWAD, A. George., & VORUGANTI, N. P. Lakshmi. (2008). The burden of schizophrenia on caregivers: a review. Pharmaco Economics, 26(2), 149-162.
  • BENSON, Ailbhe., O’TOOLE, Stephanie., LAMBERT, Veronica., GALLAGHER, Pamela., SHAHWAN, Amre., & AUSTIN, K. Joan. (2016). The stigma experiences and perceptions of families living with epilepsy: implications for epilepsy-related communication within and external to the family unit. Patient Education and Counseling, 99(9), 1473–1481.
  • CHAMBRES, Patrick., AUXIETTE, Catherine., VANSINGLE, Carole., & GIL, Sandrine. (2008). Adult attitudes toward behaviors of a six-year-old boy with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(7), 1320–1327.
  • CIANCI, Rebecca., & GAMBREL, Patrick. (2003). Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Does it apply in a collectivist culture. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 143–161.
  • CORRIGAN, W. Patrick., & WATSON, C. Amy. (2002). Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. World Psychiatry, 1(1), 16–20.
  • CORRIGAN, W. Patrick., & WATSON, C. Amy. (2002b). The paradox of self-stigma and mental illness. Clinical Psychology-Science and Practice, 9(1), 35-53.
  • DAHL, Marilyn. (1993). The role of the media in promoting ımages of disability‐ disability as metaphor: The evil crip. Canadian Journal of Communication, 18(1), 1-3.
  • DIENER, Ed., & DIENER, Marissa. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 71-91.
  • FERNANDEZ, C. María., & ARCIA, Emily. (2004). Disruptive behaviors and maternal responsibility: a complex portrait of stigma, self-blame, and other reactions. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 26(3), 356-372.
  • GEÇTAN, Engin. (1998). Psikanaliz ve sonrası. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • GIDDENS, Anthony., & SUTTON, Philip W. (2016). Sosyolojide Temel Kavramlar. Yay. Haz. ve Çev. ESGİN A., İstanbul: Kırmızı Yayınları
  • GOFFMAN, Erving. (1963). Stigma: notes on the management of spoiled identity. Eaglewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
  • GRAY, E. David. (1993). Perceptions of stigma: the parents of autistic children. Sociology of Health & Illness, 15(1), 102–120.
  • GREEN, Sara., DAVIS, Christine., KARSHMER, Elana., MARSH, Pete., & STRAIGHT, Benjamin. (2005). Living stigma: the impact of labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination in the lives of individuals with disabilities and their families. Sociological Inquiry, 75(2), 197-215.
  • HARANDI, Aalami., & FISCHBACH, R. (2016). How do parents respond to stigma and hurtful words said to or about their child on the autism spectrum? Austin Journal of Autism and Related Disabilities, 2(4), 1030–1037.
  • HARRISON, Christine., & SOFRONOFF, Kate. (2002). ADHD and parental psychological distress: role of demographics, child behavioral characteristics, and parental cognitions. American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(6), 703-711.
  • HUWS, C. Jaci., & JONES, R. S. P. (2010). They just seem to live their lives in their own little world: Lay perceptions of autism. Disability & Society, 25(3), 331–344.
  • KARASAR, Niyazi. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım
  • KAUSHIK, Anya., KOSTAKI, Evgenia., & KYRIAKOPOULOS, Marinos. (2016). The stigma of mental illness in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Psychiatry Research, 243, 469–494.
  • KIRAL, Bilgen. (2020). Nitel bir veri analizi yöntemi olarak doküman analizi. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(15), 170-189
  • LEVENT, Faruk. (2011). Üstün yetenekli çocuklara devletin sunması gereken haklar. [The rights that the state should offer to gifted children]. Gülan, A., Şirin, M. R., Şirin, M. C. (Ed.). I. Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Kongresi Yetişkin Bildirileri Kitabı (s.85–105). İstanbul: Çocuk Vakfı Yayınları.
  • LI, Li., WU, Zunyou., WU, Sheng., JIA, Manhong. H., LIEBER, Eli., & LU, Yao. (2008). Impacts of HIV/AIDS stigma on family identity and interactions in China. Families, Systems, & Health, 26(4), 431-442.
  • LU, Minghui., YANG, Guangxue., SKORA, Elizabeth., WANG, Guanghai., CAI, Yandong., SUN, Qingzhou., & LI, Wenjie. (2015). Self-esteem, social support, and life satisfaction in Chinese parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 17, 70-77.
  • MASLOW, Abraham. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper and Row.
  • MIDDLEBROOK, Denise Lynn. (1996). Self-stigmatization in racially-mixed people: the social psychological consequences of being “squeezed” between cultures. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 57(1), 764.
  • MILES, Matthew. B., & HUBERMAN, A. Michael. (2002). The qualitative researcher’s companion. Sage, Thousand Oaks.
  • MOYSON, Tinneke., & ROEYERS, Herbert. (2011). The quality of life of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder. Exceptional Children, 78(1), 41–55.
  • NICOLL, William. G., & HAWES, E. Clair. (1985). Family lifestyle assessment: The role of family myths and values in the client’s presenting issues. Individual Psychology, 41(1), 147-160.
  • PRYOR, John. B., & REEDER, Glenn. D. (2011). HIV-related stigma. In C. J. Hall, J. C. Hall, & B. J. Cockerell (Eds.), HIV/AIDS in the Post-HAART Era: manifestations, treatment, and epidemiology (pp. 790–806). Shelton, PMPH-USA.
  • SHARF, Richard. S. (2014). Psikoterapi ve psikolojik danışma kuramları: Kavramlar ve örnek olaylar. (N. Voltan Acar, Çev. Ed.) (5. bs.). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • TAVŞANCIL, Ezel., & ASLAN, Esra. (2001). Yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri. İstanbul: Epsilon Yayınları.
  • WATTS, Richard. E. (2012). On the origin of the striving for superiority and social interest. J. Carlson ve M. P. Maniacci (Ed.), Alfred Adler revisited içinde (s. 41-56). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • WEINER, Bernard. (1993). On sin versus sickness: a theory of perceived responsibility and social motivation. American Psychologist, 48(9), 957-965.
  • WIENER, Judith., MALONE, Molly., VARMA, Angela., MARKEL, Clarisa., BIONDIC, Daniella., TANNOCK, Rosemary., & HUMPHRIES, Tom. (2012). Children’s perceptions of their ADHD symptoms: positive illusions, attributions, and stigma. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 27(3), 217–242.
  • YILDIRIM, Ali., & ŞİMŞEK, Hasan. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.

ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ

Year 2023, Volume: 11 Issue: 1, 562 - 590, 23.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1199083

Abstract

Otizmi olan çocuklar ve ebeveynleri yüksek düzeyde damgalanma yaşarlar. Sıklıkla yoğun psikolojik sorunlara neden olan, bakım arama ve sağlama üzerinde olumsuz etkisi olan damgalanmayı içselleştirirler. Televizyon yapımlarının insanların bakış açısı geliştirmesinde etkisi bulunmaktadır. Filmler ve diziler de insanların engelliliğe karşı olumlu tutum sergilemesinde etkili bir yöntem olarak kullanılmaktadır. Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB)’nun tanıtılması, OSB'li çocukların ötekileştirilmeden kabul edilebilmesi, çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin desteklenmesi hem çocukların hem de ebeveynlerinin kendileri ile ilgili olumlu algı geliştirebilmeleri için destekleyici ve uygun içeriklerin oluşturulmasının kritik öneme sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenlerle yapılan araştırmada “Float” animasyon filminin damgalama açısından analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Animasyon filmleri ile ilgili böyle bir çalışmanın yapılmamış olması, çalışmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırma nitel bir araştırmadır. Doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Float, bir babanın oğlunun özel durumunu kabul sürecini anlatan kısa filmdir ve 7 dakika sürmektedir. Filmin çözümlemesi içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Float animasyonun özel gereksinimli çocuklara yaklaşım konusunda olumlu bir bakış açısı kazandırdığı, damgalamanın yapılmaması konusunda olumlu kazanımları desteklediği ve damgalamayı engellemeye katkı verebileceği belirlenmiştir

References

  • ADLER, Alfred. (2014). Yaşamın anlam ve amacı. İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • ADLER, Alfred. (2011). Psikolojik aktivite: Üstünlük duygusu ve toplumsal ilgi. (B. Çorakçı, Çev.) (9. bs.). İstanbul: Say Yayınları.
  • ALI, Afia., HASSIOTIS, Angela., STRYDOM, Andre., & KING, Michael. (2012). Self-stigma in people with intellectual disabilities and courtesy stigma in family carers: a systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(6), 2122–2140.
  • AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • AWAD, A. George., & VORUGANTI, N. P. Lakshmi. (2008). The burden of schizophrenia on caregivers: a review. Pharmaco Economics, 26(2), 149-162.
  • BENSON, Ailbhe., O’TOOLE, Stephanie., LAMBERT, Veronica., GALLAGHER, Pamela., SHAHWAN, Amre., & AUSTIN, K. Joan. (2016). The stigma experiences and perceptions of families living with epilepsy: implications for epilepsy-related communication within and external to the family unit. Patient Education and Counseling, 99(9), 1473–1481.
  • CHAMBRES, Patrick., AUXIETTE, Catherine., VANSINGLE, Carole., & GIL, Sandrine. (2008). Adult attitudes toward behaviors of a six-year-old boy with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(7), 1320–1327.
  • CIANCI, Rebecca., & GAMBREL, Patrick. (2003). Maslow's hierarchy of needs: Does it apply in a collectivist culture. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 143–161.
  • CORRIGAN, W. Patrick., & WATSON, C. Amy. (2002). Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. World Psychiatry, 1(1), 16–20.
  • CORRIGAN, W. Patrick., & WATSON, C. Amy. (2002b). The paradox of self-stigma and mental illness. Clinical Psychology-Science and Practice, 9(1), 35-53.
  • DAHL, Marilyn. (1993). The role of the media in promoting ımages of disability‐ disability as metaphor: The evil crip. Canadian Journal of Communication, 18(1), 1-3.
  • DIENER, Ed., & DIENER, Marissa. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 71-91.
  • FERNANDEZ, C. María., & ARCIA, Emily. (2004). Disruptive behaviors and maternal responsibility: a complex portrait of stigma, self-blame, and other reactions. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 26(3), 356-372.
  • GEÇTAN, Engin. (1998). Psikanaliz ve sonrası. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • GIDDENS, Anthony., & SUTTON, Philip W. (2016). Sosyolojide Temel Kavramlar. Yay. Haz. ve Çev. ESGİN A., İstanbul: Kırmızı Yayınları
  • GOFFMAN, Erving. (1963). Stigma: notes on the management of spoiled identity. Eaglewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
  • GRAY, E. David. (1993). Perceptions of stigma: the parents of autistic children. Sociology of Health & Illness, 15(1), 102–120.
  • GREEN, Sara., DAVIS, Christine., KARSHMER, Elana., MARSH, Pete., & STRAIGHT, Benjamin. (2005). Living stigma: the impact of labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination in the lives of individuals with disabilities and their families. Sociological Inquiry, 75(2), 197-215.
  • HARANDI, Aalami., & FISCHBACH, R. (2016). How do parents respond to stigma and hurtful words said to or about their child on the autism spectrum? Austin Journal of Autism and Related Disabilities, 2(4), 1030–1037.
  • HARRISON, Christine., & SOFRONOFF, Kate. (2002). ADHD and parental psychological distress: role of demographics, child behavioral characteristics, and parental cognitions. American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(6), 703-711.
  • HUWS, C. Jaci., & JONES, R. S. P. (2010). They just seem to live their lives in their own little world: Lay perceptions of autism. Disability & Society, 25(3), 331–344.
  • KARASAR, Niyazi. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım
  • KAUSHIK, Anya., KOSTAKI, Evgenia., & KYRIAKOPOULOS, Marinos. (2016). The stigma of mental illness in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Psychiatry Research, 243, 469–494.
  • KIRAL, Bilgen. (2020). Nitel bir veri analizi yöntemi olarak doküman analizi. Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(15), 170-189
  • LEVENT, Faruk. (2011). Üstün yetenekli çocuklara devletin sunması gereken haklar. [The rights that the state should offer to gifted children]. Gülan, A., Şirin, M. R., Şirin, M. C. (Ed.). I. Türkiye Çocuk Hakları Kongresi Yetişkin Bildirileri Kitabı (s.85–105). İstanbul: Çocuk Vakfı Yayınları.
  • LI, Li., WU, Zunyou., WU, Sheng., JIA, Manhong. H., LIEBER, Eli., & LU, Yao. (2008). Impacts of HIV/AIDS stigma on family identity and interactions in China. Families, Systems, & Health, 26(4), 431-442.
  • LU, Minghui., YANG, Guangxue., SKORA, Elizabeth., WANG, Guanghai., CAI, Yandong., SUN, Qingzhou., & LI, Wenjie. (2015). Self-esteem, social support, and life satisfaction in Chinese parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 17, 70-77.
  • MASLOW, Abraham. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York: Harper and Row.
  • MIDDLEBROOK, Denise Lynn. (1996). Self-stigmatization in racially-mixed people: the social psychological consequences of being “squeezed” between cultures. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 57(1), 764.
  • MILES, Matthew. B., & HUBERMAN, A. Michael. (2002). The qualitative researcher’s companion. Sage, Thousand Oaks.
  • MOYSON, Tinneke., & ROEYERS, Herbert. (2011). The quality of life of siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder. Exceptional Children, 78(1), 41–55.
  • NICOLL, William. G., & HAWES, E. Clair. (1985). Family lifestyle assessment: The role of family myths and values in the client’s presenting issues. Individual Psychology, 41(1), 147-160.
  • PRYOR, John. B., & REEDER, Glenn. D. (2011). HIV-related stigma. In C. J. Hall, J. C. Hall, & B. J. Cockerell (Eds.), HIV/AIDS in the Post-HAART Era: manifestations, treatment, and epidemiology (pp. 790–806). Shelton, PMPH-USA.
  • SHARF, Richard. S. (2014). Psikoterapi ve psikolojik danışma kuramları: Kavramlar ve örnek olaylar. (N. Voltan Acar, Çev. Ed.) (5. bs.). Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • TAVŞANCIL, Ezel., & ASLAN, Esra. (2001). Yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri. İstanbul: Epsilon Yayınları.
  • WATTS, Richard. E. (2012). On the origin of the striving for superiority and social interest. J. Carlson ve M. P. Maniacci (Ed.), Alfred Adler revisited içinde (s. 41-56). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
  • WEINER, Bernard. (1993). On sin versus sickness: a theory of perceived responsibility and social motivation. American Psychologist, 48(9), 957-965.
  • WIENER, Judith., MALONE, Molly., VARMA, Angela., MARKEL, Clarisa., BIONDIC, Daniella., TANNOCK, Rosemary., & HUMPHRIES, Tom. (2012). Children’s perceptions of their ADHD symptoms: positive illusions, attributions, and stigma. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 27(3), 217–242.
  • YILDIRIM, Ali., & ŞİMŞEK, Hasan. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınevi.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alev Üstündağ 0000-0001-5832-6810

Publication Date March 23, 2023
Submission Date November 3, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Üstündağ, A. (2023). ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 11(1), 562-590. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1199083
AMA Üstündağ A. ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ. e-gifder. March 2023;11(1):562-590. doi:10.19145/e-gifder.1199083
Chicago Üstündağ, Alev. “ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: ‘FLOAT-UÇUYOR!’ ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11, no. 1 (March 2023): 562-90. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1199083.
EndNote Üstündağ A (March 1, 2023) ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11 1 562–590.
IEEE A. Üstündağ, “ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: ‘FLOAT-UÇUYOR!’ ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ”, e-gifder, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 562–590, 2023, doi: 10.19145/e-gifder.1199083.
ISNAD Üstündağ, Alev. “ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: ‘FLOAT-UÇUYOR!’ ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 11/1 (March 2023), 562-590. https://doi.org/10.19145/e-gifder.1199083.
JAMA Üstündağ A. ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ. e-gifder. 2023;11:562–590.
MLA Üstündağ, Alev. “ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: ‘FLOAT-UÇUYOR!’ ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ”. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, vol. 11, no. 1, 2023, pp. 562-90, doi:10.19145/e-gifder.1199083.
Vancouver Üstündağ A. ÖTEKİLEŞTİRMEDEN KABUL EDEBİLME: “FLOAT-UÇUYOR!” ANİMASYON FİLMİNİN DAMGALAMA ÜZERİNE ANALİZİ. e-gifder. 2023;11(1):562-90.