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National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring

Year 2011, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 407 - 424, 01.08.2011

Abstract

Innovativeness performance of national economies is the most important factor which determines the competitive power of national economies. The efficiency of National Innovation Systems (NIS), which organizes the result of numerous interactions by a community of actors and institutions in the innovation process, is one of the most important concepts that determines the competitive power of nations. In this study, the efficiency of the NIS of selected OECD countries are compared by means of knowledge production function and data envelopment analyses. The result of the empirical analyses is consistent with the hypothesis that ‘the countries, that have relatively more powerful higher education sector, are more efficient in innovation process and also they have more competitive power than their competitors

References

  • Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B. ve Feldman, M. P. (1994a) “R&D Spillovers and Innovative Activity” Ma- nagerial and Decision Economics, 15: 131-138.
  • Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B. ve Feldman, M. P. (1994b) “R&D Spillovers and Recipient Firm Size” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 76 (2): 336-340.
  • Antonelli, C. (2006) “The Economics of University: A Knowledge Governance Approach” Department of Economics ‘S. Cognetti de Martis’ Working Paper Seri- es, No: 2006/02, 1 – 20.
  • Archibugi, D., Howells, J. ve Michie, J. (1999) Inno- vation Systems and Policy in a Global Economy, Cambrid- ge: Cambridge University Press, 1-16.
  • Candemir, M. ve Deliktaş, E. (2006) “TİGEM İşlet- melerinde Teknik Etkinlik, Ölçek Etkinliği, Teknik İler- leme, Etkinlikteki Değişme ve Verimlilik Analizi: 1999 – 2003” Tarımsal Ekonomi Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, No. 141.
  • Coelli, T.J., Prasada, R. D. S. ve Battese, G. E. (1998) An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
  • Coelli, T.J., Prasada, R. D. S, O’Donnell, C. J. ve Battese, G. E. (2005) An introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Second Edition, Springer Yayınları, New York, ABD.
  • David, P. ve Foray, D. (2002) “Economic Funda- mentals of Knowledge Society” Policy Futures in Educa- tion, 1 – 19.
  • Deliktaş, E. (2002) “Türkiye Özel Sektör İmalat Sa- nayinde Etkinlik ve Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Analizi” ODTU Gelişme Dergisi, 29: 247 – 284.
  • Edquist, C., Johnson, B. ve Lundvall, B. A. (2003) “Economic Development and the National System of Innovation Approach” First Globelics Confefence, Rio de Janeiro, 2 – 15.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2002) “The Triple Helix of University – Industry – Government: Implications for Policy and Evaluation” Swedish Institute for Studies in Education and Research Working Paper Series, No: 2002/11 .
  • Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., Norris, M. ve Zhang, Z. (1994) “Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries” American Economic Review, 84: 66-83.
  • Fargerberg, J., Knell, M ve Srholec, M. (2004) “The Competitiveness of Nations: Economic Growth in the Ece Region” UNECE Spring Seminar, Geneva, 2 – 10.
  • Godin, B. (2007) “National Innovation System: The System Approach in Historical Perspective” Project on the History and Sociology of STI Statistics, 36.
  • Hollanders, H. ve Celikel E. F. (2007) “Measu- ring Innovation Efficiency” Inno-Metrics Thematic Paper,www.proinnoeurope.eu/admin/uploaded_documents/ eis_2007_Innovation_efficiency.pdf, (12 Mart 2008).
  • Jaffe, A. B. (1989) “Real Effects of Academic Rese- arch” The American Economic Review, 79 (5): 957 – 970.
  • Johnson, B., Edquist, C. ve Lundvall, B. A. (2003) “Economic Development and The National System of Innovation Approach” First Globelics Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November 3-6.
  • Kelleci, M.A. (2003) “Knowledge Economics, Ba- sic Actors of Labor Market and Inequity” Turkish State Planning Organization, No: 2674.
  • Kök, R., Deliktaş, E. ve Karaçuka, M. (2004) “Tür- kiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Yüzüncü Yılına Hazırlanırken: Temel Dönüşümleri Açıklayan Analitik Yaklaşımlar ve Küreselleşmeden Beklentiler”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisat Bölümü Çalışma Tebliği, No: 04/01.
  • Lall, S. (2000) “Turkish Performance in Exporting Manufactures: A Comparative Structural Analysis” Ox- ford University QEH Working Papers, No: S47.
  • Lundvall, B. A. (1992) National Systems of Innovati- on: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Lear- ning, Pinter Wellington House, London, 53 – 59.
  • Lundvall, B. A. (2002) Innovation, Growth and Social Cohesion: The Danish Model, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK, 1 – 70.
  • Lundvall, B.A. (2003) “From the Economics of Knowledge to the Learning Economy” 1 - 15.http:// www.globelicsacademy.net/2007/papers/From the Eco- nomics of Knowledge to the Learning Economy.pdf, (20/03/2008).
  • Mairesse, J., Duguet, E. ve Crepon, B. (1998) “Re- search, Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level” National Bureau of Econo- mic Research Working Paper Series, No: 6696.
  • Mairesse, J. ve Mohnen, P. (2002) “Accounting for Innovation and Measuring Innovativeness: An Illust- rative Framework and An Application” http://ideas. repec.org/a/aea/aecrev/v92y2002i2p226-230.html, (06/05/2008).
  • OECD, (1996) The Knowledge – Based Economy, OECD Press, Paris, 7 – 43.
  • OECD, (2007) “Understanding the Regional Cont- ribution of Higher Education Institutions: A Literature Review” OECD Education Working Paper Series, No: 9, OECD Press, France, 7 – 60.
  • Reichert, S. (2006) The Rise of Knowledge Regions: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges for Universities, European University Association Publications, Brussels, 6 – 44.
  • Romer, P. M. (1994) “The Origins of Endogenous Growth” American Economic Association, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (1): 3-22.
  • Tarım, A. (2001) Veri Zarflama Analizi: Matematik- sel Programlama Tabanlı Göreli Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Taymaz, E. (2001) Ulusal Yenilik Sistemi: Türkiye Imalat Sanayinde Teknolojik Değişim ve Yenilik Süreçleri, TUBITAK Yayınları.
  • TÜBİTAK (1997) “Türkiye’nin Bilim ve Teknoloji Politikası” TÜBİTAK BTP 97/04, Ankara: TÜBİTAK.
  • TÜSİAD (2003) Ulusal İnovasyon Sistemi: Kav- ramsal Çerçeve, Türkiye İncelemesi ve Ülke Örnekleri, TÜSİAD-T/2003/10/362.
  • Villaschi, A. ve Campos, R.R. (2001) “From Local to National Systems of Innovation: Empirical Evidences from The Brazilian Case” www.druid.dk/conferences/ nw/paper1/villaschi.pdf, (22/03/2008).

Rekabet Gücünün Ölçülmesinde Ulusal Yenilik Sistemleri ve Üniversite Ekonomisi Yaklaşımı

Year 2011, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 407 - 424, 01.08.2011

Abstract

Bilgi tabanlı ekonomilerde rekabet gücünü belirleyen en önemli unsur bu ekonomilerin yenilikçi performanslarıdır. Yenilik süreçlerindeki aktörlerin etkileşimini ve bu aktörler arasındaki ilişkileri düzenleyen Ulusal Yenilik Sistemlerinin (UYS) etkinliği ülkelerin rekabet güçlerini belirleyen en önemli unsurlardan biridir. Çalışmada seçilen OECD ülkelerinin ulusal yenilik sistemlerinin etkinliği bilgi üretim fonksiyonu çerçevesinde veri zarflama analizi yöntemiyle karşılaştırılarak, söz konusu ülkelerin bilgi üretme kabiliyeti bağlamında rekabet güçlerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın ampirik sonuçları ‘Yüksek eğitim sektörlerindeki Ar-Ge harcamaları görece daha fazla olan ülkelerin, diğerlerine göre yenilik süreçlerindeki etkinliklerinin ve rekabet güçlerinin daha fazla olacağı’ hipotezi ile tutarlılık göstermektedir

References

  • Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B. ve Feldman, M. P. (1994a) “R&D Spillovers and Innovative Activity” Ma- nagerial and Decision Economics, 15: 131-138.
  • Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B. ve Feldman, M. P. (1994b) “R&D Spillovers and Recipient Firm Size” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 76 (2): 336-340.
  • Antonelli, C. (2006) “The Economics of University: A Knowledge Governance Approach” Department of Economics ‘S. Cognetti de Martis’ Working Paper Seri- es, No: 2006/02, 1 – 20.
  • Archibugi, D., Howells, J. ve Michie, J. (1999) Inno- vation Systems and Policy in a Global Economy, Cambrid- ge: Cambridge University Press, 1-16.
  • Candemir, M. ve Deliktaş, E. (2006) “TİGEM İşlet- melerinde Teknik Etkinlik, Ölçek Etkinliği, Teknik İler- leme, Etkinlikteki Değişme ve Verimlilik Analizi: 1999 – 2003” Tarımsal Ekonomi Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, No. 141.
  • Coelli, T.J., Prasada, R. D. S. ve Battese, G. E. (1998) An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston.
  • Coelli, T.J., Prasada, R. D. S, O’Donnell, C. J. ve Battese, G. E. (2005) An introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, Second Edition, Springer Yayınları, New York, ABD.
  • David, P. ve Foray, D. (2002) “Economic Funda- mentals of Knowledge Society” Policy Futures in Educa- tion, 1 – 19.
  • Deliktaş, E. (2002) “Türkiye Özel Sektör İmalat Sa- nayinde Etkinlik ve Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Analizi” ODTU Gelişme Dergisi, 29: 247 – 284.
  • Edquist, C., Johnson, B. ve Lundvall, B. A. (2003) “Economic Development and the National System of Innovation Approach” First Globelics Confefence, Rio de Janeiro, 2 – 15.
  • Etzkowitz, H. (2002) “The Triple Helix of University – Industry – Government: Implications for Policy and Evaluation” Swedish Institute for Studies in Education and Research Working Paper Series, No: 2002/11 .
  • Färe, R., Grosskopf, S., Norris, M. ve Zhang, Z. (1994) “Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Change in Industrialized Countries” American Economic Review, 84: 66-83.
  • Fargerberg, J., Knell, M ve Srholec, M. (2004) “The Competitiveness of Nations: Economic Growth in the Ece Region” UNECE Spring Seminar, Geneva, 2 – 10.
  • Godin, B. (2007) “National Innovation System: The System Approach in Historical Perspective” Project on the History and Sociology of STI Statistics, 36.
  • Hollanders, H. ve Celikel E. F. (2007) “Measu- ring Innovation Efficiency” Inno-Metrics Thematic Paper,www.proinnoeurope.eu/admin/uploaded_documents/ eis_2007_Innovation_efficiency.pdf, (12 Mart 2008).
  • Jaffe, A. B. (1989) “Real Effects of Academic Rese- arch” The American Economic Review, 79 (5): 957 – 970.
  • Johnson, B., Edquist, C. ve Lundvall, B. A. (2003) “Economic Development and The National System of Innovation Approach” First Globelics Conference, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, November 3-6.
  • Kelleci, M.A. (2003) “Knowledge Economics, Ba- sic Actors of Labor Market and Inequity” Turkish State Planning Organization, No: 2674.
  • Kök, R., Deliktaş, E. ve Karaçuka, M. (2004) “Tür- kiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Yüzüncü Yılına Hazırlanırken: Temel Dönüşümleri Açıklayan Analitik Yaklaşımlar ve Küreselleşmeden Beklentiler”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisat Bölümü Çalışma Tebliği, No: 04/01.
  • Lall, S. (2000) “Turkish Performance in Exporting Manufactures: A Comparative Structural Analysis” Ox- ford University QEH Working Papers, No: S47.
  • Lundvall, B. A. (1992) National Systems of Innovati- on: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Lear- ning, Pinter Wellington House, London, 53 – 59.
  • Lundvall, B. A. (2002) Innovation, Growth and Social Cohesion: The Danish Model, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK, 1 – 70.
  • Lundvall, B.A. (2003) “From the Economics of Knowledge to the Learning Economy” 1 - 15.http:// www.globelicsacademy.net/2007/papers/From the Eco- nomics of Knowledge to the Learning Economy.pdf, (20/03/2008).
  • Mairesse, J., Duguet, E. ve Crepon, B. (1998) “Re- search, Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level” National Bureau of Econo- mic Research Working Paper Series, No: 6696.
  • Mairesse, J. ve Mohnen, P. (2002) “Accounting for Innovation and Measuring Innovativeness: An Illust- rative Framework and An Application” http://ideas. repec.org/a/aea/aecrev/v92y2002i2p226-230.html, (06/05/2008).
  • OECD, (1996) The Knowledge – Based Economy, OECD Press, Paris, 7 – 43.
  • OECD, (2007) “Understanding the Regional Cont- ribution of Higher Education Institutions: A Literature Review” OECD Education Working Paper Series, No: 9, OECD Press, France, 7 – 60.
  • Reichert, S. (2006) The Rise of Knowledge Regions: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges for Universities, European University Association Publications, Brussels, 6 – 44.
  • Romer, P. M. (1994) “The Origins of Endogenous Growth” American Economic Association, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (1): 3-22.
  • Tarım, A. (2001) Veri Zarflama Analizi: Matematik- sel Programlama Tabanlı Göreli Etkinlik Ölçüm Yaklaşımı, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Taymaz, E. (2001) Ulusal Yenilik Sistemi: Türkiye Imalat Sanayinde Teknolojik Değişim ve Yenilik Süreçleri, TUBITAK Yayınları.
  • TÜBİTAK (1997) “Türkiye’nin Bilim ve Teknoloji Politikası” TÜBİTAK BTP 97/04, Ankara: TÜBİTAK.
  • TÜSİAD (2003) Ulusal İnovasyon Sistemi: Kav- ramsal Çerçeve, Türkiye İncelemesi ve Ülke Örnekleri, TÜSİAD-T/2003/10/362.
  • Villaschi, A. ve Campos, R.R. (2001) “From Local to National Systems of Innovation: Empirical Evidences from The Brazilian Case” www.druid.dk/conferences/ nw/paper1/villaschi.pdf, (22/03/2008).
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA42NZ48PD
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İsmail Seki This is me

R. Funda Barbaros This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Seki, İ., & Barbaros, R. F. (2011). National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring. Ege Academic Review, 11(3), 407-424.
AMA Seki İ, Barbaros RF. National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring. ear. August 2011;11(3):407-424.
Chicago Seki, İsmail, and R. Funda Barbaros. “National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring”. Ege Academic Review 11, no. 3 (August 2011): 407-24.
EndNote Seki İ, Barbaros RF (August 1, 2011) National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring. Ege Academic Review 11 3 407–424.
IEEE İ. Seki and R. F. Barbaros, “National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring”, ear, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 407–424, 2011.
ISNAD Seki, İsmail - Barbaros, R. Funda. “National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring”. Ege Academic Review 11/3 (August 2011), 407-424.
JAMA Seki İ, Barbaros RF. National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring. ear. 2011;11:407–424.
MLA Seki, İsmail and R. Funda Barbaros. “National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring”. Ege Academic Review, vol. 11, no. 3, 2011, pp. 407-24.
Vancouver Seki İ, Barbaros RF. National Innovation Systems and University Economics Approach for Measuring. ear. 2011;11(3):407-24.