Enerji Güvenliği Bağlamında Japonya'nın Net Sıfır Vizyonunun Ekonomi Politiği

Year 2025, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 241 - 254, 04.02.2025

Mürsel Doğrul , Yokota Takayuki

https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.20250115

Abstract

Bu makale, Japonya'nın iddialı 2050 net sıfır emisyon hedefini ve bunun enerji güvenliği üzerindeki etkisini, özellikle hidrojen teknolojisinin stratejik rolüne odaklanarak incelemektedir. Japonya'nın enerji güvenliği ikilemi, fosil yakıtlara ve nükleer enerjiye olan bağımlılığından ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına geçişte karşılaştığı zorluklardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Japonya'nın dış ve güvenlik politikalarının 2050 Net-Sıfır Vizyonu bağlamında nasıl evrildiğini ve özellikle hidrojen teknolojisinin önceliklendirilmesini ele almak önemlidir. Çalışma, Japonya'nın hidrojen hedefleri beklentiler içerse bile enerji güvenliğini net sıfır hedefleriyle dengeleme zorluğunun karmaşık olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Hidrojen üretiminin yüksek maliyetleri ve fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığın devam etmesi, Japonya'nın enerji dönüşümünü ve uluslararası enerji ortaklıklarını zorlaştırmaktadır. Makale, Japonya'nın hidrojen merkezli enerji stratejisinin fizibilitesini ve uygulanabilirliğini değerlendirmek için hem iç politika çıkarımlarını hem de küresel ittifaklar üzerindeki etkisini dikkate alan bir ekonomi politik çerçeve kullanmaktadır. Enerji tartışmalarında, çevre güvenliği ile iklim güvenliğinin genel olarak ekonomik güvenliğe göre ikinci planda kalması daha fazla incelemeyi gerektirmektedir. Makale, fosil yakıt bağımlılığının azaltılması, enerjide kendi kendine yeterliliğin artırılması ve uzun vadeli kırılganlıkları azaltabilecek teknolojilerin geliştirilmesine ilişkin teorik perspektifler sunmaktadır. Hidrojen, Japonya'nın enerji ve iklim gündeminde önemli bir rol oynamakta ve hem yerel hedefler hem de uluslararası işbirliği için bir köşe taşı görevi görmektedir. Makale ayrıca Japonya'nın ASEAN ve Orta Doğu ülkeleriyle hidrojen işbirliklerini jeopolitik ve ekonomik sonuçlarıyla birlikte analiz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, Japonya'nın yeni enerji kaynaklarına geçişindeki fırsatları ve zorlukları belirlemekte ve Japonya'nın enerji güvenliğinin küresel enerji dinamikleri açısından daha geniş önemini ele almaktadır. Makale, Japonya'nın bölgesel ve küresel politika yönünden kritik bir konu olan net sıfır hedefleri ile enerji güvenliğini sağlama arasında denge kurmada karşılaştığı temel zorlukların kapsamını ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Japonyanın Hidrojen Diplomasisi, İklim Değişikliği, Enerji Güvenliği, Enerji Dönüşümü, Yenilenebilir Enerji

The Political Economy of Japan's Net-Zero Vision in the Context of Energy Security

Abstract

This article analyzes Japan's ambitious 2050 net-zero emissions target and its effects on energy security with a primary focus on the strategic role of hydrogen technology Japan's energy security dilemma lies in its dependence on fossil fuels and nuclear power, and the challenges of transitioning to renewable energy sources. Understanding how Japan's 2050 Net-Zero Vision shapes its foreign and security policies is essential, especially as hydrogen technology plays a central role in these changes. This work posits that while Japan's hydrogen ambitions offer promise, the challenge of balancing energy security with net-zero goals is complex. The high costs of hydrogen production and ongoing reliance on fossil fuels complicate Japan's energy transition and international energy partnerships. The article employs a political economy framework to evaluate the feasibility and practicality of Japan's hydrogen-centric energy strategy, taking into account both domestic policy implications and its impact on global alliances. Why environmental and climate security is often secondary to economic security in energy discussions requires further examination. The article presents theoretical perspectives on the reduction of fossil fuel dependence, the enhancement of energy self-sufficiency, and the advancement of technologies that can mitigate long-term vulnerabilities. Hydrogen plays a pivotal role in Japan's energy and climate agenda, serving as a cornerstone for both domestic objectives and international collaboration. Furthermore, the article analyses Japan's hydrogen collaborations with ASEAN and Middle Eastern countries, along with the geopolitical and economic implications. This study identifies the opportunities and challenges in Japan's transition to new energy sources and examines the broader implications of Japan's energy security for global energy dynamics. The article maps the scope of major challenges Japan faces in balancing its net-zero targets—a critical issue for both regional and global policy—while ensuring its energy security.

Keywords

Japan’s Hydrogen Diplomacy”, Climate Change, Energy Security, Energy Transition, Renewable Energy

Supporting Institution

The Japan Foundation and Meiji University

Thanks

Turkish Academy of Sciences and Turkish National Defence University

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