Türkiye’de Bankacılık İstikrarı ve Reel Ekonominin CAMELS Yaklaşımına Dayalı İncelemesi
Year 2019,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 15, 01.06.2019
Mesut Alper Gezer
,
Ramazan Kılıç
Abstract
Türk Bankacılık Sisteminde CAMELS gösterge değerleri 2004-2017 çeyreklik dönemine yönelik tanımlanmıştır. Reel ekonomi ise yatırım harcamaları ve reel GSYH olmak üzere iki değişken ile temsil edilmektedir. Öncelikle değişkenlerin birim kök özellikleri ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller) ve PP (Phillips Perron) testleri ile incelenmiştir. Hem CAMELS kalemlerinin hem de reel ekonomik değişkenleri birinci farklarında birim kökten kurtulmaktadır. Toda ve Yamamoto (1995) ikili nedensellik testi değişkenlerin birim kök özellikleri dikkate alınarak uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, sermaye kalemlerinin tamamı yatırım harcamalarından etkilenirken, reel GSYH’yi etkilemektedir. Likidite kalemlerinin tamamı ise hem yatırım harcamalarını hem de reel GSYH’yi açıklamada etkindir.
References
- Abdullayev, M. (2013). Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe Dezenflasyon Sürecinde CAMELS Analizi. Dumlupinar University Journal of Social Sciences(37), 97-112.
ADB. (2015). Financial Soundness Indicators For Financial Sector Stability In Vietnam. Manila: Asian Development Bank.
Albulescu, C. T. (2008). Assessing Romanian Financial Sector Stability: The Importance of the International Economic Climate. Munich Personal RePEc .
Allen, F., & Gale, D. (2000). Comparing Financial Systems. London: MIT Press.
Bethemely, J. C., & Varoudakis, A. (1996). Economic Growth, Convergence Club, and the Role of Financial Development. Oxford Economic Papers, 48(2), 300-328.
Blum, D., Federmair, K., Fink, G., & Haiss, P. (2002). The Financial-Real Sector Nexus: Theory and Empirical Evidence. Vienna: Research Institute for European Affairs.
Çağıl, G., & Muhtarov, S. (2014). Azerbaycan Ticari Bankacılık Sektörünün CAMELS Yöntemi ile Performans Analizi. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 11(41), 77-94.
Cameron, R. (1963). Banking in the Early Stages of Industrialization: A Preliminary Survey. Scandinavian Economic History Review, 11(2), 117-134.
Castro, T. d., & Osborn, D. R. (2004). The Consequences of Seasonal Adjustment for Periodic Autoregressive Processes. The Econometrics Journal, 7(2), 307-321.
Caton, W. F. (1997, January 6). Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System. Federal Register, 62(3), 752-757.
Chakraborty, S., & Ray, T. (2006). Bank-Based Versus Market-Based Financial Systems: A Gowth-Theoretic Analysis. Journal of Monetary Economics, 53, 329-350.
Dang, U. (2012, September 1). The CAMEL Rating System in Banking Supervision: A Case Study. July 20, 2015 tarihinde http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/38344 adresinden alındı
Dhal, S., Kumar, P., & Ansari, J. (2011). Financial Stability, Economic Growth, Inflation and Monetary Policy Linkages in India: An Empirical Reflection. Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 32(3), 1-35.
Diamond, D. W. (1991). Monitoring and Reputation: The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt. Journal of Political Economy, 99(4), 689-721.
Doğan, İ. Ç. (2013). Katılım Bankaları Performans Analizi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Eğilmez, M. (2012, 12 16). Kendime Yazılar. 11 06, 2013 tarihinde www.mahfiegilmez.com: http://www.mahfiegilmez.com/2012/12/orta-gelir-tuzag-ve-turkiye.html adresinden alındı
Granger, C. W. (1980, June). Testing for Causality: A Personal Viewpoint. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2, 329-352.
Hazine Müstaşarlığı. (1997). Ekonomik Kavramlar ve Göstergeler. Ankara: Ekonomik Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü.
Hilferding, R. (1910). Finance Capital: A Study of the Latest Phase of Capitalist Development (1981 b.). (T. Bottomore, Dü., M. Watnick, & S. Gordon, Çev.) London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Kahane, Y. (1977). Capital Adequacy and the Regulation of Financial Intermediaries. Journal of Banking and Finance, 1, 207-218.
Kandemir, T., & Arıcı, N. D. (2013). Mevduat Bankalarında CAMELS Performans Değerleme Modeli Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma (2001-2010). Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, 18(1), 61-87.
Kaya, Y. T. (2001). Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe CAMELS Analizi. Ankara: Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurulu.
Levine, R. (1997). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda. Journal of Economic Literature, 35, 688-726.
Levine, R. (2002). Bank-Based or Market-Based Financial Systems: Which Is Better? Journal of Financial Intermediation, 11, 398-428.
Liew, V. K.-S. (2004). Which Lag Length Selection Criteria Should We Employ? Economics Bulletin, 3(33), 1-9.
Maddala, G. S. (1992). Introduction to Econometrics (2. ed.). New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Omankhanlen, A. E. (2012). The Role of Banks in Capital Formation and Economic Growth: The Case of Nigeria. Economy Transdiciplinarity Cognition, 15(1), 103-111.
Öztorul, G. (2011). Bankaların ve Banka Gruplarının Performans Değerlendirmesi: Türkiye'de Vaka Çalışması. Ankara: METU.
Popovska, J. (2014, March). Modeling Financial Stability: The Case of the Banking Sector in Macedonia. Journal of Applied Economics and Business, 2(1), 68-91.
Porter, R. C. (1966). The Promotion of the <<Banking Habit>> and Economic Development. The Journal of Development Studies, 2(4), 346-366.
Sakarya, Ş. (2010). Comparative Analysis Of Domestic And Foreign Capital Banks In Istanbul Stock Exchange As Per Camels Rating System. Journal of Academic Researches and Studies, 7-21.
Sanar, F., & Kara, M. (2016). Finansal İstikrar Kavramı Ve Türkiye İçin Finansal İstikrar Endeksi Önerisi. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 27(101), 111-160.
Şen, A., & Solak, S. (2011). Ticari Bankacılık Sektörünün CAMELS Analizi: Türkiye Örneği. Finans & Politik Ekonomik Yorumlar, 48(554), 51-70.
TBB. (2018). Veri Sorgulama Sistemi. Kasım 15, 2018 tarihinde Türkiye Bankalar Birliği: https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/veri-sorgulama-sistemi/60 adresinden alındı
TCMB. (2015). Finansal İstikrar: Türkiye'de Finansal İstikrar Gelişmeleri. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
Tobin, J. (1963). Commercial Banks as Creators of "Money". Discussion Paper No 159. New Haven: Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics.
Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical Inferences in Vector Autoregressions with Possibly Integrated Processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225-250.
Trautmann, P. Y. (2006, 10 29). Camels Ratings. June 14, 2015 tarihinde USAID: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadq079.pdf adresinden alındı
Wirnkar, A. D., & Tanko, M. (2008, June 24). CAMEL(S) and Banks Performance Evaluation: The Way Forward. August 05, 2016 tarihinde SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1150968 adresinden alındı
Wooldridge, J. M. (2013). Introductory Econoetrics: A Modern Approach (5. b.). Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Year 2019,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 1 - 15, 01.06.2019
Mesut Alper Gezer
,
Ramazan Kılıç
References
- Abdullayev, M. (2013). Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe Dezenflasyon Sürecinde CAMELS Analizi. Dumlupinar University Journal of Social Sciences(37), 97-112.
ADB. (2015). Financial Soundness Indicators For Financial Sector Stability In Vietnam. Manila: Asian Development Bank.
Albulescu, C. T. (2008). Assessing Romanian Financial Sector Stability: The Importance of the International Economic Climate. Munich Personal RePEc .
Allen, F., & Gale, D. (2000). Comparing Financial Systems. London: MIT Press.
Bethemely, J. C., & Varoudakis, A. (1996). Economic Growth, Convergence Club, and the Role of Financial Development. Oxford Economic Papers, 48(2), 300-328.
Blum, D., Federmair, K., Fink, G., & Haiss, P. (2002). The Financial-Real Sector Nexus: Theory and Empirical Evidence. Vienna: Research Institute for European Affairs.
Çağıl, G., & Muhtarov, S. (2014). Azerbaycan Ticari Bankacılık Sektörünün CAMELS Yöntemi ile Performans Analizi. Marmara Üniversitesi Öneri Dergisi, 11(41), 77-94.
Cameron, R. (1963). Banking in the Early Stages of Industrialization: A Preliminary Survey. Scandinavian Economic History Review, 11(2), 117-134.
Castro, T. d., & Osborn, D. R. (2004). The Consequences of Seasonal Adjustment for Periodic Autoregressive Processes. The Econometrics Journal, 7(2), 307-321.
Caton, W. F. (1997, January 6). Uniform Financial Institutions Rating System. Federal Register, 62(3), 752-757.
Chakraborty, S., & Ray, T. (2006). Bank-Based Versus Market-Based Financial Systems: A Gowth-Theoretic Analysis. Journal of Monetary Economics, 53, 329-350.
Dang, U. (2012, September 1). The CAMEL Rating System in Banking Supervision: A Case Study. July 20, 2015 tarihinde http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/38344 adresinden alındı
Dhal, S., Kumar, P., & Ansari, J. (2011). Financial Stability, Economic Growth, Inflation and Monetary Policy Linkages in India: An Empirical Reflection. Reserve Bank of India Occasional Papers, 32(3), 1-35.
Diamond, D. W. (1991). Monitoring and Reputation: The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt. Journal of Political Economy, 99(4), 689-721.
Doğan, İ. Ç. (2013). Katılım Bankaları Performans Analizi. Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Eğilmez, M. (2012, 12 16). Kendime Yazılar. 11 06, 2013 tarihinde www.mahfiegilmez.com: http://www.mahfiegilmez.com/2012/12/orta-gelir-tuzag-ve-turkiye.html adresinden alındı
Granger, C. W. (1980, June). Testing for Causality: A Personal Viewpoint. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 2, 329-352.
Hazine Müstaşarlığı. (1997). Ekonomik Kavramlar ve Göstergeler. Ankara: Ekonomik Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü.
Hilferding, R. (1910). Finance Capital: A Study of the Latest Phase of Capitalist Development (1981 b.). (T. Bottomore, Dü., M. Watnick, & S. Gordon, Çev.) London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Kahane, Y. (1977). Capital Adequacy and the Regulation of Financial Intermediaries. Journal of Banking and Finance, 1, 207-218.
Kandemir, T., & Arıcı, N. D. (2013). Mevduat Bankalarında CAMELS Performans Değerleme Modeli Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma (2001-2010). Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, 18(1), 61-87.
Kaya, Y. T. (2001). Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe CAMELS Analizi. Ankara: Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurulu.
Levine, R. (1997). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Views and Agenda. Journal of Economic Literature, 35, 688-726.
Levine, R. (2002). Bank-Based or Market-Based Financial Systems: Which Is Better? Journal of Financial Intermediation, 11, 398-428.
Liew, V. K.-S. (2004). Which Lag Length Selection Criteria Should We Employ? Economics Bulletin, 3(33), 1-9.
Maddala, G. S. (1992). Introduction to Econometrics (2. ed.). New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Omankhanlen, A. E. (2012). The Role of Banks in Capital Formation and Economic Growth: The Case of Nigeria. Economy Transdiciplinarity Cognition, 15(1), 103-111.
Öztorul, G. (2011). Bankaların ve Banka Gruplarının Performans Değerlendirmesi: Türkiye'de Vaka Çalışması. Ankara: METU.
Popovska, J. (2014, March). Modeling Financial Stability: The Case of the Banking Sector in Macedonia. Journal of Applied Economics and Business, 2(1), 68-91.
Porter, R. C. (1966). The Promotion of the <<Banking Habit>> and Economic Development. The Journal of Development Studies, 2(4), 346-366.
Sakarya, Ş. (2010). Comparative Analysis Of Domestic And Foreign Capital Banks In Istanbul Stock Exchange As Per Camels Rating System. Journal of Academic Researches and Studies, 7-21.
Sanar, F., & Kara, M. (2016). Finansal İstikrar Kavramı Ve Türkiye İçin Finansal İstikrar Endeksi Önerisi. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 27(101), 111-160.
Şen, A., & Solak, S. (2011). Ticari Bankacılık Sektörünün CAMELS Analizi: Türkiye Örneği. Finans & Politik Ekonomik Yorumlar, 48(554), 51-70.
TBB. (2018). Veri Sorgulama Sistemi. Kasım 15, 2018 tarihinde Türkiye Bankalar Birliği: https://www.tbb.org.tr/tr/bankacilik/banka-ve-sektor-bilgileri/veri-sorgulama-sistemi/60 adresinden alındı
TCMB. (2015). Finansal İstikrar: Türkiye'de Finansal İstikrar Gelişmeleri. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası.
Tobin, J. (1963). Commercial Banks as Creators of "Money". Discussion Paper No 159. New Haven: Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics.
Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical Inferences in Vector Autoregressions with Possibly Integrated Processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225-250.
Trautmann, P. Y. (2006, 10 29). Camels Ratings. June 14, 2015 tarihinde USAID: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnadq079.pdf adresinden alındı
Wirnkar, A. D., & Tanko, M. (2008, June 24). CAMEL(S) and Banks Performance Evaluation: The Way Forward. August 05, 2016 tarihinde SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1150968 adresinden alındı
Wooldridge, J. M. (2013). Introductory Econoetrics: A Modern Approach (5. b.). Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.