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Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 13 - 30, 30.08.2023

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, demokrasi ve vergi gelirleri arasındaki ilişkinin farklı demokrasi göstergeleri açısından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını ekonometrik olarak ortaya koymaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak öncelikle, vergilendirme yetkisi ve bu yetkinin sınırlandırılmasında toplumların yaşadığı demokratik unsurların etkisine ve pek tabi bu sınırlandırmanın demokratik toplum üzerinde yarattığı etki üzerinde durulmuştur. Demokrasi ve vergilendirme arasında ortaya konulmaya çalışılan bu ilişki neticesinde, demokratik toplumlarda vergilendirmenin ve vergi gelirlerinin nasıl şekillendiği üzerinde durulmuş ve demokrasinin bir siyasal rejim olarak vergi hasılatı üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde demokrasi endekslerinden ve örnek alınan vergi ölçütleri üzerinden incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Demokrasi ile vergi gelirleri arasındaki yakın ve çift taraflı etkileşim nedeniyle çalışmada, V-Dem Demokrasi endeksi dikkate alınarak demokratik gelişmişlik düzeyi ile vergi gelirlerinin artması arasında anlamlı bir bağ var mıdır konusu irdelenmiş ve bu bağlamda ampirik analiz çalışması yapılmıştır.

References

  • Acemoglu, D., Naidu, S., Restrepo, P., & Robinson, J. A. (2015). Democracy, Redistribution, and Inequality. In Handbook of income distribution (Vol. 2, pp. 1885-1966). Elsevier.
  • Acemoğlu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2019). Diktatörlük ve Demokrasinin Ekonomik Kökenleri. (E. Tutu, S. Kurdoğlu, & Ü. Tatlıcan, Çev.) İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık. Akay, Ç. E. (2015). Dinamik Panel Veri Modelleri. Stata İle Panel Veri Modelleri, 1. Baskı içinde, 81-101.
  • Alexander, A. C., & Welzel, C. (2011). Measuring Effective Democracy. Comparative Politics, 43(3), 271-289. Andersson, P. F. (2018). Democracy, Urbanization, and Tax Revenue. Studies in Comparative International Development, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12116-017-9235-0#citeas, 14.06.2022.
  • Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. The review of economic studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Balamatsias, P. (2018). Democracy and Taxation. Economics. Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, https://econpapers.repec.org/article/zbwifweej/201827.htm, 14.06.2023.
  • Baskaran, T. (2014). Taxation and Democratization. World Development, 56, 287-301.
  • Baskaran, T., & Bigsten, A. (2013). Fiscal Capacity and the Quality of Government in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Development, 45, 92-107.
  • Boix, C. (2001). Democracy, Development, and the Public Sector. American Journal of Political Science, https://www.princeton.edu/~cboix/demdev.pdf, 12.03.2023.
  • Cheibub, J. A. (1998). Political Regimes And The Extractive Capacity Of Governments: Taxation in Democracies And Dictatorships. World Politics, 50(3), 349-376.
  • Çağan, Nami (1982). Vergilendirme Yetkisi. İstanbul: Kazancı Hukuk Yayınları.
  • Dahl, A. R. (2021). Demokrasi Üstüne. (B. Kadıoğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Devrim, F. (2002). Kamu Maliyesine Giriş. İzmir: İlksem Yayınevi.
  • Downs, A. (1960). Why The Government Budget is Too Small in a Democracy. World Politics, 12(4), 541-563.
  • Ehrhart, H. (2011). Assessing the Relationship Between Democracy and Domestic Taxes in Developing Countries. CERDI Etudes et Documents, https://shs. hal.science/halshs-00553607/document, 14.08.2022.
  • Eom, T. H., Lee, S. H., & Xu, H. (2008). Introduction to Panel Data Analysis: Concepts and Practices. https://www.researchgate.net/publication /299629608, 14.05.2023.
  • Farazmand, H. (2020). Investigation Of Nonlinear And Dynamic Relationship of Tax Revenue, Economıc Welfare and Democracy Using GMM. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(2), 455-460.
  • Garcia, M. M., & Von Haldenwang, C. (2016). Do Democracies Tax More? Political Regime Type and Taxation. Journal of International Development, 28(4), 485-506.
  • Ilaboya, O., Dickson, R. K., & İzevbekhai, M. A. (2021). Taxation and Democracy: Is There a Bidirectional Causality, https://dj. univdanubius.ro/index.php/AUDOE/article/download/951/1354/3973, 12.03.2023.
  • Kenny, L. W., & Winer, S. L. (2006). Tax Systems in the World: An Empirical Investigation into the Importance of Tax Bases, Administration Costs, Scale and Political Regime. International Tax and Public Finance, 13, 181-215.
  • Mahdavi, S. (2008). The Level And Composition Of Tax Revenue in Developing Countries: Evidence From Unbalanced Panel Data. International Review Of Economics & Finance, 17(4), 607-617.
  • Meltzer, A. H., & Richard, S. F. (1981). A Rational Theory of the Size of Government. Journal of political Economy, 89(5), 914-927.
  • Moore, M. (2008). Taxation and State Building In Developing Countries. O. H. Fjeldstad & M. Moore (Ed), Taxation and State-Building in Developing Countries içinde (s. 235-260). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mutascu, M. (2011). Taxation and Democracy. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 14(4), 343-348. Öncel, M., Kumrulu, A., & Çağan, N, (2010) Vergi Hukuku (18). Ankara: Turhan Kitabevi.
  • Özcan, G. & Özmen, İ. (2019). Does Democracy Increase Total Tax Revenues? The Case of Selected OECD Countries. Theoretical & Applied Economics, 26(3).
  • Prichard, W., Salardi, P., & Segal, P. (2014). Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue And Democracy: New Evidence Using New Cross-Country Data. ICTD Working Paper, https://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/pii/S0305750X18301621, 12.03.2023.
  • Profeta, P., Puglisi, R., & Scabrosetti, S. (2013). Does Democracy Affect Taxation And Government Spending? Evidence From Developing Countries. Journal Of Comparative Economics, 41(3), 684-718.
  • Rashid, H., Warsame, H., & Khan, S. (2021). The Differential Impact of Democracy on Tax Revenues in Developing And Developed Countries. International Journal Of Public Administration, 44(8), 623-635.
  • Roodman, D. (2009). How to do Xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata. The stata journal, 9(1), 86-136.
  • Şahbaz, A., Şerife, K. O. Ç., & Ceylan, A. (2022). Demokrasi ve Dışa Açıklığın Vergi Gelirleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi (1980-2018). Fiscaoeconomia, 6(3), 1367-1388.
  • Şişman, G. (2009). Demokratik Ülkelerin Anayasalarında Yasallık, Mali Güce Göre Vergilendirme ve Eşitlik İlkelerinin Vergi Hukuku Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 17(2), 31-48.
  • Tanrıverdi, A. (2019). Vergi ve Demokrasi İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2012). İleri Panel Veri Analizi: Stata Uygulamalı. 4. Baskı, Beta, İstanbul.
  • Tonizzo, M. (2008). Political Institutions Size of Government and Redistribution: An Empirical İnvestigation. Development Destin Studies Institute Working Paper Series, 8(89), 1-34.
  • Varieties of Democracy [V-Dem]. (2023). V-Dem Codebook v13. Göteborg: V-Dem Institute.
  • Zheng, B., Gu, Y., & Xu, D. (2020). No Taxation Without Representation? An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Democratization and Tax Compliance. Chinese Political Science Review, 5, 200-221.
  • Ziari, R., & Rahemi, H. (2013). The Relationship between Democracy and Revenue of Budget. International Journal of Management Sciencesand Business Research, ISSN (2226-8235) Vol-2, (7), 17-21.
Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 13 - 30, 30.08.2023

Abstract

References

  • Acemoglu, D., Naidu, S., Restrepo, P., & Robinson, J. A. (2015). Democracy, Redistribution, and Inequality. In Handbook of income distribution (Vol. 2, pp. 1885-1966). Elsevier.
  • Acemoğlu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2019). Diktatörlük ve Demokrasinin Ekonomik Kökenleri. (E. Tutu, S. Kurdoğlu, & Ü. Tatlıcan, Çev.) İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık. Akay, Ç. E. (2015). Dinamik Panel Veri Modelleri. Stata İle Panel Veri Modelleri, 1. Baskı içinde, 81-101.
  • Alexander, A. C., & Welzel, C. (2011). Measuring Effective Democracy. Comparative Politics, 43(3), 271-289. Andersson, P. F. (2018). Democracy, Urbanization, and Tax Revenue. Studies in Comparative International Development, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12116-017-9235-0#citeas, 14.06.2022.
  • Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. The review of economic studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Balamatsias, P. (2018). Democracy and Taxation. Economics. Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, https://econpapers.repec.org/article/zbwifweej/201827.htm, 14.06.2023.
  • Baskaran, T. (2014). Taxation and Democratization. World Development, 56, 287-301.
  • Baskaran, T., & Bigsten, A. (2013). Fiscal Capacity and the Quality of Government in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Development, 45, 92-107.
  • Boix, C. (2001). Democracy, Development, and the Public Sector. American Journal of Political Science, https://www.princeton.edu/~cboix/demdev.pdf, 12.03.2023.
  • Cheibub, J. A. (1998). Political Regimes And The Extractive Capacity Of Governments: Taxation in Democracies And Dictatorships. World Politics, 50(3), 349-376.
  • Çağan, Nami (1982). Vergilendirme Yetkisi. İstanbul: Kazancı Hukuk Yayınları.
  • Dahl, A. R. (2021). Demokrasi Üstüne. (B. Kadıoğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi.
  • Devrim, F. (2002). Kamu Maliyesine Giriş. İzmir: İlksem Yayınevi.
  • Downs, A. (1960). Why The Government Budget is Too Small in a Democracy. World Politics, 12(4), 541-563.
  • Ehrhart, H. (2011). Assessing the Relationship Between Democracy and Domestic Taxes in Developing Countries. CERDI Etudes et Documents, https://shs. hal.science/halshs-00553607/document, 14.08.2022.
  • Eom, T. H., Lee, S. H., & Xu, H. (2008). Introduction to Panel Data Analysis: Concepts and Practices. https://www.researchgate.net/publication /299629608, 14.05.2023.
  • Farazmand, H. (2020). Investigation Of Nonlinear And Dynamic Relationship of Tax Revenue, Economıc Welfare and Democracy Using GMM. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(2), 455-460.
  • Garcia, M. M., & Von Haldenwang, C. (2016). Do Democracies Tax More? Political Regime Type and Taxation. Journal of International Development, 28(4), 485-506.
  • Ilaboya, O., Dickson, R. K., & İzevbekhai, M. A. (2021). Taxation and Democracy: Is There a Bidirectional Causality, https://dj. univdanubius.ro/index.php/AUDOE/article/download/951/1354/3973, 12.03.2023.
  • Kenny, L. W., & Winer, S. L. (2006). Tax Systems in the World: An Empirical Investigation into the Importance of Tax Bases, Administration Costs, Scale and Political Regime. International Tax and Public Finance, 13, 181-215.
  • Mahdavi, S. (2008). The Level And Composition Of Tax Revenue in Developing Countries: Evidence From Unbalanced Panel Data. International Review Of Economics & Finance, 17(4), 607-617.
  • Meltzer, A. H., & Richard, S. F. (1981). A Rational Theory of the Size of Government. Journal of political Economy, 89(5), 914-927.
  • Moore, M. (2008). Taxation and State Building In Developing Countries. O. H. Fjeldstad & M. Moore (Ed), Taxation and State-Building in Developing Countries içinde (s. 235-260). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mutascu, M. (2011). Taxation and Democracy. Journal of Economic Policy Reform, 14(4), 343-348. Öncel, M., Kumrulu, A., & Çağan, N, (2010) Vergi Hukuku (18). Ankara: Turhan Kitabevi.
  • Özcan, G. & Özmen, İ. (2019). Does Democracy Increase Total Tax Revenues? The Case of Selected OECD Countries. Theoretical & Applied Economics, 26(3).
  • Prichard, W., Salardi, P., & Segal, P. (2014). Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue And Democracy: New Evidence Using New Cross-Country Data. ICTD Working Paper, https://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/pii/S0305750X18301621, 12.03.2023.
  • Profeta, P., Puglisi, R., & Scabrosetti, S. (2013). Does Democracy Affect Taxation And Government Spending? Evidence From Developing Countries. Journal Of Comparative Economics, 41(3), 684-718.
  • Rashid, H., Warsame, H., & Khan, S. (2021). The Differential Impact of Democracy on Tax Revenues in Developing And Developed Countries. International Journal Of Public Administration, 44(8), 623-635.
  • Roodman, D. (2009). How to do Xtabond2: An Introduction to Difference and System GMM in Stata. The stata journal, 9(1), 86-136.
  • Şahbaz, A., Şerife, K. O. Ç., & Ceylan, A. (2022). Demokrasi ve Dışa Açıklığın Vergi Gelirleri Üzerindeki Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi (1980-2018). Fiscaoeconomia, 6(3), 1367-1388.
  • Şişman, G. (2009). Demokratik Ülkelerin Anayasalarında Yasallık, Mali Güce Göre Vergilendirme ve Eşitlik İlkelerinin Vergi Hukuku Açısından Değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi. 17(2), 31-48.
  • Tanrıverdi, A. (2019). Vergi ve Demokrasi İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2012). İleri Panel Veri Analizi: Stata Uygulamalı. 4. Baskı, Beta, İstanbul.
  • Tonizzo, M. (2008). Political Institutions Size of Government and Redistribution: An Empirical İnvestigation. Development Destin Studies Institute Working Paper Series, 8(89), 1-34.
  • Varieties of Democracy [V-Dem]. (2023). V-Dem Codebook v13. Göteborg: V-Dem Institute.
  • Zheng, B., Gu, Y., & Xu, D. (2020). No Taxation Without Representation? An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Democratization and Tax Compliance. Chinese Political Science Review, 5, 200-221.
  • Ziari, R., & Rahemi, H. (2013). The Relationship between Democracy and Revenue of Budget. International Journal of Management Sciencesand Business Research, ISSN (2226-8235) Vol-2, (7), 17-21.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Policy of Treasury
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Muzaffer Onder

Gökhan Dökmen

Publication Date August 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Onder, M., & Dökmen, G. (2023). Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 9(2), 13-30.
AMA Onder M, Dökmen G. Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz. UEAD. August 2023;9(2):13-30.
Chicago Onder, Muzaffer, and Gökhan Dökmen. “Demokrasi Ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz”. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi 9, no. 2 (August 2023): 13-30.
EndNote Onder M, Dökmen G (August 1, 2023) Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi 9 2 13–30.
IEEE M. Onder and G. Dökmen, “Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz”, UEAD, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 13–30, 2023.
ISNAD Onder, Muzaffer - Dökmen, Gökhan. “Demokrasi Ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz”. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi 9/2 (August 2023), 13-30.
JAMA Onder M, Dökmen G. Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz. UEAD. 2023;9:13–30.
MLA Onder, Muzaffer and Gökhan Dökmen. “Demokrasi Ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz”. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 2, 2023, pp. 13-30.
Vancouver Onder M, Dökmen G. Demokrasi ve Vergi Gelirleri Arasındaki İlişki: Ampirik Analiz. UEAD. 2023;9(2):13-30.