The Effect of Finishing and Polishing Procedure on Color Stability of a Bulk Fill Composite Resin

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of finishing and polishing procedure on the color stability on a bulk fill composite resin. 50 specimens were prepared for Bulk fill resin composite X-tra Fill using a plexiglass mold 2 mm height and 8 mm diameter . All the specimens were polymerized by a LED curing unit Monitex İndustrial Co. on top side against a sellüloid strip Universal strips . Specimens were stored in distilled water at °C 37 for 24 hours. Baseline colors of specimens were measured with a shade device Vita Easyshade . They were randomly divided into two main groups n=25 . Group I:Any finishing and polishing did not applied Selluloid strip- as control Group II: Finishing and polishing procedures applied with abrasive discs Finishing Disc Then, specimens of Goup I and Goup II were divided to five sub groups n=5 and each group were stored in black tea, cola, coffe, sour cherry and distilled water for 7 days. Color measuments were repeated at the end of 1. day and 7. days. Mean values of groups were compared using two way Analysis of Variance and Tukey-Kramer test . The least color changes were found in distilled water, while the most color changes were found in coffee. However, the color differences at the end of day 1 were within the clinically acceptable range ΔE*< 3,7 . The color differences were increased at the end of day 7. Statistically significant differences were observed between two time of period 1-7 days . The polishing and finishing

Keywords

• Bulk Fill, Composite Resin, Color Stability

BİTİRME VE CİLA İŞLEMİNİN BİR BULK FİLL KOMPOZİT REZİNİN RENK STABİLİTESİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı uygulanan bitirme ve cila işleminin bir bulk fill kompozit rezinin renk stabilitesine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. 2 mm kalınlığında ve 8 mm çapında pleksiglass kalıplar kullanılarak 50 adet Bulk fill kompozit rezin örneği X-tra Fill hazırlandı. Kompozit rezin kalıplara yerleştirildikten sonra üzerine sellüloid strip bant Universal strips uygulandı ve LED ışık cihazı Monitex İndustrial Co. ile 40 saniye üst yüzeylerinden polimerize edildiler. Hazırlanan tüm örnekler sıvılara atılmadan önce 37 °C’de 24 saat distile suda bekletildi. Örneklerin başlangıç renkleri ΔE renk ölçüm cihazı ile Vita Easyshade ölçüldü, daha sonra 50 örnek iki ana gruba n=25 ayrıldı. I.gruptaki örneklere herhangi bitirme ve cila işlemi uygulanmadı sellüloid strip karşısında tamamlanmış-kontrol grubu II. gruptaki örneklere ise abrasiv diskler Finishing Disk ile bitirme ve cila işlemi uygulandı. Her iki gruba ait örnekler 5’er alt guba ayrılarak n=5 , her gün değiştirilen siyah çay, kola, kahve, vişne suyu ve distile su içerisinde 1 hafta boyunca bekletildi. 1.gün ve 7.gün sonunda renkleri tekrar ölçüldü. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak iki yönlü Varyans analizi ve Tukey-Kramer çok yönlü karşılaştırma testleri ile değerlendirildi. En az renk değişiminin distile su, en fazla renk değişiminin ise kahve gruplarında olduğu gözlendi. Bununla birlikte 1. gün sonunda elde edilen renk değişimleri klinik olarak kabul edilebilir düzeydeydi ΔE*< 3,7 . 7. gün sonunda renk değişiminin arttığı, 1.gün ve 7. gün sonunda gözlenen renk değişimleri arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli fark olduğu bulundu. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, kompozit rezine abrasiv diskler ile uygulanan bitirme ve cila işlemi boyanmayı önemli derecede azalttı

Keywords

• Bulk Fill, Kompozit Rezin, Renk Stabilitesi

References

1. Ilıe N, Bucuta S, Draenert M. Bulk-fill res- in-based composites: An in vitro assess- ment of their mechanical performance. Oper Dent 2013; 38(6): 618-25.
2. Jang JH, Park H, Hwang IN. Polymerisa- tion shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk- fill resin composites and highly filled flowable resin. Oper Dent 2014; 40(2): 172-80.
3. Bucuta S, Ilıe N. Light transmittance and micro-mechanical properties of bulk fill vs. conventional resin based composites. J Clin Oral Invest 2014; 18(8): 1991-2000.
4. Wilson NH, Burke FJ, Mjör IA. Reasons for placement and replacement of restora- tions of direct restorative materials by a se- lected group of practioners in the United Kingdom. Quintessence Int 1997;28:245- 8.
5. Topcu FT, Sahınkesen G,Yamanel K, Er- demır U, Oktay EA, Ersahan S. Influence of different drinks on the colour stability of dental resin composites. Eur J Dent 2009 3(1): 50-6.
6. Samra APB, Pereıra SK, Delgado LC, Borges CP. Color stability evaluation of aesthetic restorative materials. Braz Oral Res 2008; 22(3): 205-10.
7. Um CM, Ruyter IE. Staining of resin- based veneering materials with coffee and tea. Quintessence Int 1991; 22(5): 377-86.
8. Barutcugil Ç, Yıldız M. Instrinsic and ex- trinsic discoloration of dimethacrylate and silorane based composites. J Dent Res 2012;40: 57-63.

9. Setz J, Lin W, Pfeifer H. Color stability of light curing composites. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z 1990;45(10):666-8.
10. Gürgan S, Onen A, Köprülü H. In vitro ef- fects of alcohol-containing and alcohol- free mouthrinses on microhardness of some restorative materials. J Oral Rehabil 1997;24(3):244-6.
11. Sarkıs E. Color change of some aesthetic dental materials: Effect of immersion solu- tions and finishing of their surfaces. The Saudi J 2012;24(2): 85-9.
12. Patel SB, Gordan VV, Barrett AA, Shen C. The effect of surface finishing and storage solutions on the color stability of resin- based composites. J Am Dent Assoc 2004; 135(5): 587-94.
13. Turkun LS, Turkun M. Effect of bleaching and re-polishing on coffee and tea stain removal from three anterior composite ve- neering materials. J Esthet Restor Dent 2004; 16(5): 290-302.
14. Guler AU, Yılmaz F, Kulunk F, Guler E, Kurt S. Effects of different drinks on stainability of resin composite provisional restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 94(2): 118-24.
15. Ertas E, Guler AU, Yucel AC, Koprulu H, Guler E. Color stability of resin compo- sites after immersion in different drinks. Dent Mater J 2006;25(2): 371-6.
16. Erdemır U, Yıldız E, Eren MM. Effects of sports drinks on color stability of nano- filled and microhybrid composites after long term immersion. J Dent 2012; 40(2): 55-63.
17. Tunc ES, Bayrak S, Guler AU, Tuloglu N. The effects of children's drinks on the col- or stability of various restorative materials. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2009; 34(2): 147-150.
18. Bağlar S, Keskin E, Orun T, Es A: Discol- oration effects of traditional turkish bever- ages on different composite restoratives. J Contemp Dent Prac 2017:18(2); 83-93.
19. Berber A, Cakir FY, Baseren M, Gurgan S.Effect of different polishing systems and drinks on the color stability of resin com- posite. 2013;14(4):662-7. Dent Pract
20. Güler AU, Güler E, Yücel AÇ, Ertaş E. Effects of polishing procedures on color stability of composite resins. J Appl Oral Sci 2009:17(2):108-12.
21. Johnston WM, Kao EC. Assesment of ap- pearence match by visual observation and clinical 1989;68(5): 819-22. J Dent Res
22. Dıllet D.C., Vann W.F., Oldenburg T.R., Crisp R.M. Time required for placement of composite versus amalgam restorations. J Dent Child 1990;57(3): 177-83.
23. Chu SJ, Devıgus A, Mıeleszko A. Fundementals of Color. 1st Ed., Quintes- sence Publishing 2004; Chapter 1-4 p.: 1- 100.
24. Paul SJ, Peter A, Rodonı L, Pıetrobon N. Conventional visual vs spectrophotometric shade taking for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns: A clinical comparison. Int J Peri- odontics Restorative Dent 2004; 24(3): 222-31.
25. Dozıc A, Kleverlaan CJ, El-Zohaıry A, Feılzer AJ, Khashayar G. Performance of five commercially available tooth color measuring 2007;16(2): 93-100. J Prosthodont
26. Wyszeckı G, Stıles WS. Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae. 2nd Ed., New York: Wiley- Interscience publishing 1982: 285-8.
27. Yannıkakıs SA, Zıssız AJ, Polyzoıs GL, Caronı C. Color stability of provisional resin restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80(5): 533-9.
28. Gordan VV, Patel SB, Barrett AA, Shen C. Effect of surface finishing and storage me- dia on bi-axial flexure strength and micro- hardness of resin-based composite. Oper Dent 2003; 28(5): 560-7.
29. Sarac D, Sarac YS , Kulunk S, Ural C, Ku- lunk T. The effect of polishing techniques on the surface roughness and color change of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96: 33-40.
30. Hachıya Y, Iwaku M, Hosoda H, Fusaya- ma T. Relation of finish to discoloration of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 1984;52(6): 811–4.
31. Alacam A, Burgaz Y. Effect of various polishing techniques on restorative resin discoloration. AÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg 1989; 16(1): 123-7.
32. Reıs AF, Gıannını M, Lovadıno JR, Am- brosano M. Effects of various finishing systems on the surface roughness and staining susceptibility of packable compo- site resins. Dent Mater 2003; 19(1): 12-8.
33. Shıntanı H, Satou J, Satou N, Hayashıharı H, Inoue T. Effects of various finishing methods on staining nad accumulation of Streptococcus mutans HS-6 on composite resins. Dent Mater 1985; 1(6): 225-7.
34. Imamura S, Takahashı H, Hayakawa I, Loyaga-Rendon PG, Mınakuchı S. Effect of filler type and polishing on the discolor- ation of composite resin artificial teeth. Dent Mater J 2008; 27(6): 802-8.
35. Yap AUJ, Tan BWY, Tay LC, Chang KM, Loy TK, Mok BYY. Effect of mouthrinses on microhardness and wear of composite and compomer restoratives. Oper Dent 2003; 23(6): 740-6.
36. Phelan J, Rees J.The erosive potential of some herbal teas. J Dent 2003; 31(4): 241- 6.
37. West NX, Maxwell A, Hughes JA, Parker DM, Newcombe RG, Addy M. A method to measure clinical erosion: The effect of orange juice consumption on erosion of enamel. J Dent 1998;26(4): 329-35.
38. Tuncer D, Karaman E, Firat E. Does the temperature of beverages affect the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of a composite resin? Eur J Dent 2013; 7: 165-71.
39. Inokoshı S, Burrow MF, Kataumı M, Yamada T, Takatsu T. Opacity and color changes of tooth-colored restorative. Oper Dent 1996; 21(2): 73-80.
40. Arocha MA, Mayoral JR, Lefever D, Mer- cade M, Basilio J, Roig M. Color stability of siloranes versus methacrylate-based composites after immersion in staining so- lutions. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17(6): 1481-7.
41. Saraç D, Saraç Ş, Külünk T, Külünk Ş, Ural Ç. Kompozitlerin Renk Stabilitelerine Işık Kaynaklarının Etkisi. Hacettepe Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2006; 30; 2: 77-82.
42. Yap AUJ, Tan CH, Chung SM.Wear be- havior of new composite restoratives. Oper Dent 2004;29(3):269-74.
43. Al- Kheraıf AA, Qasım SA, Ramakrısh- naıah R, Rehman I. Effect of different beverages on the color stability and degree of conversion of nano and microhybrid composites. Dent Mater J 2013; 32(2): 326–31.
44. Gonulol N., Yılmaz F. The effects of fin- ishing and polishing techniques on surface roughness and color stability of nanocom- posites. J Dent 2012; 40(2): 64–70.
45. Janus J, Fauxpoint G, Arntz Y, Pelletier H, Etienne O. Surface roughness and mor- phology of three nanocomposites after two different polishing treatments by a mul- titechnique approach. Dent Mater 2010; 26;416-25.
46. Yıldız E, Karaarslan ES, Simsek M, Ozse- vik AS, Usumez A. Color stability and sur- face roughness of polished anterior re- storative materials. J Dent Mater 2015;34(5):629-39.
47. Bagherı R, Burrow MF, Tyas M. Influ- ence of food-simulating solutions and sur- face finish on susceptibility to staining of aesthetic restorative materials. J Dent 2005; 33(5): 389-98.
48. Soderholm KJ, Zıgan M, Ragan M, Fıschlschweıger W, Bergman M. Hydro- lytic degradation of dental composites. J Dent Res1984; 63(10): 1248-54.
49. Öztürk ÖC. İki Bulk fill kompozit rezinin renk stabilitesi. Uzmanlık tezi, Ankara Ün- iversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi ANKA- RA, 2016.
50. Chan KC, Fuller JL, Hormatı AA. The ability of foods to stain two composite res- ins. J Prosthet Dent 1980; 43(5): 542–5.
51. Ergucu Z, Turkun LS, Aladag A. Color stability of nanocomposites polished with one-step systems. Oper Dent 2008; 33(4): 413-20.