EVRENSEL TEMEL GELİR PİLOT PROGRAMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: KURUMSAL BAĞLAMLAR, ETKİLER VE POLİTİKA YANSIMALARI

Öz

Bu makale, Evrensel Temel Gelir (ETG) pilot programlarının kurumsal tasarımını ve uygulama süreçlerini inceleyerek, bunların işgücü piyasası, sağlık sistemleri, aile dinamikleri, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ve daha geniş toplumsal ve ekonomik yapılar dahil olmak üzere çeşitli toplumsal kurumlar üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Finlandiya, Kanada, ABD, Kenya ve Kore’de gerçekleştirilen ETG deneylerinden elde edilen ampirik kanıtlara dayanarak, ETG literatüründeki temel argümanları eleştirel bir biçimde değerlendirmektedir. Makale, ETG’nin her derde deva bir çözüm olmadığını, ancak 21. yüzyılda çalışma, gelir ve toplumsal refah arasındaki ilişkiyi yeniden düşünmek için güçlü bir çerçeve sunduğunu savunmaktadır. Ayrıca, ETG’nin çeşitli toplumsal kurumları yeniden şekillendirebilecek dönüştürücü potansiyeline dikkat çekmekte ve çağdaş ekonomik ve toplumsal sorunlara çözüm olarak ETG’nin potansiyel faydaları ve zorluklarına dair karşılaştırmalı bir analiz sunarak daha geniş tartışmalara katkıda bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• evrensel temel gelir
• sosyal politika
• işgücü piyasası
• ekonomik güvenlik

EVALUATING UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME PILOT PROGRAMS: INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS, IMPACTS, AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Öz

This article explores the institutional design and implementation processes of Universal Basic Income (UBI) pilot programs, analyzing their potential impacts on various societal institutions, including the labor market, healthcare systems, family dynamics, gender roles, and broader social and economic structures. Drawing on empirical evidence from UBI experiments conducted in Finland, Canada, USA, Kenya, and Korea, the article critically examines the main arguments in the UBI literature. The article argues that while UBI is not a panacea, it offers a compelling framework for rethinking the relationship between work, income, and social well-being in the 21st century. The article underscores the transformative potential of UBI as a policy tool that could reshape various societal institutions and contributes to the broader discourse by offering a comparative analysis of the potential benefits and challenges of UBI as a solution to contemporary economic and social challenges.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Universal Basic Income
• social policy
• labor market
• economic security

Kaynakça

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