The Factors Affecting Solll-Forming In the Aegean Region
Öz
A soil survey which was carried out by a team following results were obtained.
1- The effects of the climatic conditions on the soil-forming have influenced on the surfaces coinciding with the undulating eresional and depositional surfaces of the neogene and on the karstic terrains in which soil is reddish Mediterranean or terra-rossa or Xeralf which is a suborder of Alfisols.
2- Main géomorphologie units reciprocate a main soil group. That is, colluvial soil founds on the colluvial deposits, alluvial soil appear on the alluvials and lithosol occur on the sloppy areas in the mentioned area. There is also close relationships between geomorphic evolution and soils. For example, roddish soils have been devoleped on the neogene erosional surfaces but submature soils have been formed on the post-neogene erosional surfaces due to timing factors. At the same time, there is also direct relationships between the age of volcanism and soil forming. These positions are also clearly seen on the Kula volcanic area, E of study area. Here, a soil cover having 30-40 cm. thick is found out on the old flat basaltic lava and smoothly volcanic cone in which agricultural activités canry out, whereas a thin soil cover common on the young volcanic cone which was formed 10-12000 B.P. On the other hand, soil-forming is directly determined by the slope factor. Namely, a soil having 15-20 cm. depth has been formed on the slopes facing north under the Plnus brutla communities in the young volcanic cone named Sandal tepe while on the slopes facing south there is a thin soil cover in depth of 3-5 cm.
3- The effect of the parent material strongly percieve in the areas in which erosion and sedimentation events are actively continuing. Rendzina soils common on the neogene deposits which are, composed of limely and clayey material, sandy Mediterranean soils abudant on the gneiss, colluvial soils widespread on the colluvial deposits. Reddish Mediterranean soils which have been developed within the karstic terrains are in clay texture due to the fact that the limestones dissolved by the water containing CO2 and thus clay fractions are remained.
4- The rugged and dissected topography has produced intrazonal and azonal soils because of the strong erosion and sedimantation activities. In other words intrazonal and azonal soils are dominant on the steep sloppy areas.
5- Soil fertility of the rendzine and reddish Mediterranean soils are higher than that of the other soils which have developed on the colluvial deposits and gneiss. For example CEC of the rendzina and reddish Mediterranean soil vary between 25-40 me/100 gr. This figure for this soil formed on the gneiss is about 15 me/100 gr.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
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Bölüm
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Yayımlanma Tarihi
1 Haziran 1990
Gönderilme Tarihi
14 Temmuz 2015
Kabul Tarihi
-
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1990 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1