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Effects of tourism on local people’s quality of life in terms of economic, socio-cultural and environmental aspects: the case of Batman

Year 2020, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 243 - 257, 29.12.2020

Abstract

New travelers (tourists) of the modern world, wonder different and authentic things and can visit any destination with sufficient resources. However, the way to create a sufficient and sustainable tourism supply is possible by understanding and managing the expectations and demands of its own people as well as responding to the demands. Therefore, the knowledge of how much the quality of life of the local people, which is one of the most important stakeholders of tourism, is affected by tourism is one of the prerequisites for developing and managing tourism. In this context, this study, which is about the quality of life of the local people in Batman province, was carried out by face-to-face survey method with 387 people residing in the city center. After the data were arranged through a package program, regression, correlation and difference analysis tests were conducted for the purpose of the study. According to the findings obtained, it is understood that tourism in Batman affects the life quality of the local people positively in terms of certain variables. On the other hand, it is understood that it follows a mixed course in environmental and socio-cultural terms and the number of questions that are answered negatively is increasing. For example, men who interact more with the city due to socio-cultural variables think that tourism increases cultural cohesion, whereas individuals with a high level of education think that tourism causes cultural degeneration, especially for young people.

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Proje değil

References

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  • Haralambopoulos, N., Pizam. A. 1996. Perceived ımpacts of tourism: the case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 503-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00075-5
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TURİZMİN EKONOMİK, SOSYO-KÜLTÜREL VE ÇEVRESEL AÇIDAN YEREL HALKIN YAŞAM KALİTESİNE ETKİLERİ: BATMAN ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2020, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 243 - 257, 29.12.2020

Abstract

Modern dünyanın yeni gezginleri (turistleri), farklı ve otantik olanı merak etmekte ve yeterli kaynağa sahip olan her destinasyonu ziyaret edebilmektedirler. Ancak yeterli ve sürdürülebilir bir turizm arzı oluşturmanın yolu gelen taleplere cevap verebilmek kadar kendi halkının beklenti ve taleplerini doğru anlayabilmek ve yönetmekle mümkündür. Dolayısıyla turizmin en önemli paydaşlarından biri olan yerel halkın yaşam kalitesinin turizmden ne oranda etkilendiği bilgisi turizmi geliştirmenin ve yönetmenin ön şartlarından biridir. Bu bağlamda Batman kentinde yerel halkın yaşam kalitesini konu alan bu çalışma kent merkezinde ikamet eden 387 kişi ile yüz yüze anket yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler bir paket program aracılığıyla düzenlendikten sonra çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda regresyon, korelasyon ve fark analizi testleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Batman’da turizmin ekonomik açıdan yerel halkın yaşam kalitesini belli değişkenler açısından olumlu yönde etkilediği anlaşılmaktadır. Buna karşın çevresel ve sosyo-kültürel açıdan ise karışık bir seyir izlediği ve olumsuz cevap verilen soru sayısının artığı anlaşılmaktadır. Örneğin, sosyo-kültürel değişkenlerinden kaynaklı olarak kentle daha çok etkileşimde olan erkeklerin turizmin kültürel kaynaşmayı artırdığını, buna karşın eğitim düzeyi yüksek bireylerin turizmin özellikle gençler açısından kültürel yozlaşmaya sebep olduğunu düşünmeleri önemli iki tespit olarak düşünülebilir.

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Thanks

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References

  • Akış, S. 1996. Turizmin sosyo-ekonomik ve fiziksel etkileri: turizmin ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel etkileri. Anatolia; Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(3-4), 10-15.
  • Alaeddinoğlu, F. 2007. Van halkının turisti ve turizmi algılama şekli. Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), 1-16.
  • Alaeddinoğlu, F. 2008. Sivas kentinde halkın turiste ve turizme bakışı. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 1-23.
  • Alaeddinoğlu, F., Türker, N., Can, A. S. 2016. The Impact of Tourism on Residents’ Quality of Life: The Case of Van, Turkey. In International Conference on Hospitality, Leiseure, Sports and Tourism, 427-438, Kwansei Gakuin Universty Pub. Kyoto, Japan.
  • Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., Vogt, C. A. 2005. Residents’ perceptions of community tourism ımpacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32, 1056-1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.03.001
  • Aref, F. 2011. The effects of tourism on quality of life: a case study of Shiraz, Iran. Life Science Journal, 8(2), 26-30.
  • Avcı, N. 2018. Turizmin yöre halkının yaşam kalitesine etkileri: çeşme ilçesi örneği. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 29(2), 164-174.
  • Bello, F. G., Carr, N., Lovelock, B., Xu, F. 2017. Local resıdents’ perceptıons of socıo-cultural ımpacts of tourism in Mangochi, Malawi. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research, 5(1), 1-22.
  • Bimonte, S., Faralla, V. 2016. Does residents’ perceived life satisfaction vary with tourist season? a two-step survey in a mediterranean destination. Tourism Mana¬gement, 55(August), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.02.011
  • Brunt, P., Courtney, P. 1999. Host perceptions of sociocultural ımpacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 493-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00003-1
  • Canizares, S. M. S., Tabales, J. M. N., Garcia, F. J. F. 2014. Local residents’ attitudes towards the ımpact of tourism development in Cape Verde. Tourism & Management Studies, 10(1), 87-96.
  • Croes, R., Ridderstaat, J., Niekerk, M. V. 2018. Connec¬ting quality of life, tourism specialization and eco¬nomic growth in small ısland destinations: the case of Malta. Tourism Management, 65 (April), 212–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.10.010
  • Çoban, Ö., Dilek, S. E., Harman, S. 2017a. Batman ilinde turizm gelişiminin değerlendirilmesi. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 56, 437-455.
  • Çoban, Ö., Dilek, S. E., Harman, S. 2017b. Hasankeyf halkının turizmin gelişimine yönelik tutumu. Turizm ve Araştırma Dergisi, 6(2), 59-72.
  • Dal, N., Baysan, S. 2007. Kuşadası’nda kıyı kullanımı ve turizmin mekânsal etkileri konusunda yerel halkın tutumları. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 16, 69-85.
  • DİKA (Dicle Kalkınma Ajansı) 2017. İstatistiklerle Batman. Dicle Kalkınma Ajansı Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Doğan, H., Üngüren, E. 2010. Alanya halkının turizme sosyo-kültürel açıdan bakışı. e -Journal of New World Sciences Academy Social Sciences,5(4), 396-415.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, 1996. https://www.who.int/mental_health/media/en/76.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 16 Eylül 2019.
  • Enea, C., Tanasoui, G. 2009. The ımpact of tourism in enhancing the quality of life. Review of International Comparative Management, 10(2). 347-351.
  • Eralp, Z. 1974. Socio-Economic effects of tourism towards communal changes. University Press, Ankara.
  • Eser, K., Çelik, N., Yıldız, O. 2018. Turizmin yerel halkın yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri: Muğla-Akyaka örneği. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 60-73.
  • Frisch, M. B. 2000. Improving Mental and Physical Health Care Through Quality of Life Therapy and Assessment. In E. Diener, D. R. Rahtz (Eds.), Advances in Quality of Life Theory and Research, 207-241, Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4291-5_10
  • García, F. A, Fernández, M. Á. P, Vázquez, A. B., Macias, R. C. 2016. Residents’ perceptions of tourism development in Benalmádena (Spain). Tourism Management, 54(June), 259–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.11.007
  • García, F. A., Vázquez, A. B., Macías, R. C. 2015. Resident's attitudes towards the ımpacts of tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 13, 33-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2014.11.002
  • Gunn, C. A. 1988. Tourism Planning (Second Ed.). Taylor and Francis, New York.
  • Gülsevil Belbel, B., Sözbilen, G. 2017. Yerel halkın gözüyle turistik talebin kültürel mirasa etkisi: Kapadokya örneği. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 59, 439-457.
  • Gümüş, M., Özgüven, E. 2015. Barış ve turizm ekseninde medikal turizm: çözüm süreci sonrası Batman hastanelerinde yabancı hasta akışı. Batman Üniversitesi Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 1-18.
  • Gürbüz, A. 2002. Turizmin sosyal çevreye etkisi üzerine bir araştırma. Teknoloji, 5(1-2), 49-59.
  • Hanafiah, M. H., Jamaluddin, M. R., Zulkifly, M. I. 2013. Local community attitude and support towards tourism development in Tioman Island, Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 105, 792 – 800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.082
  • Haralambopoulos, N., Pizam. A. 1996. Perceived ımpacts of tourism: the case of Samos. Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 503-526. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00075-5
  • Hasan, M., Siddique, Z. R. 2016. Impacts of tourism development on local community: a study on Shalban Vihara. Bangladesh Journal of Tourism, 1(1), 74-82.
  • Jafari, J. 2012. Foreword. In M. Uysal, R. R. Perdue, M.J. Sirgy (Eds.), Handbook of Tourism and Quality of Life Research: Enhancing the Lives of Tourists Residents of Host Communities. Springer, New York.
  • Jurowski, C., Uysal, M., Williams, D.R. 1997. A theoretical analysis of host community resident reactions to tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 36(2), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759703600202
  • Kim, K. 2002. The effects of tourism ımpacts upon quality of life residents in the community. PhD Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/29954
  • Kim, K., Uysal, M., Sirgy, M. J. 2013. How does tourism in a community ımpact the quality of life of com¬munity residents? Tourism Management, 36(April), 527–540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.005
  • Lankford, S. V., Howard, D. R. 1994. Developing a tourism ımpact attitude scale. Annals of Tourism Research, 21, 121-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(94)90008-6
  • Liang, Z. X., Hui, T. K. 2016. Residents’ quality of life and attitudes toward tourism development in China, Tourism Management, 57(December), 56–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.05.001
  • Lim, C., McAleer, M. 2005. Ecologically sustainable tourism management. Environmental Modelling & Software, 20(11), 1431-1438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.09.023
  • Liu, J., Var, T. 1986. Resident attitudes towards tourism ımpacts in Hawaii. Annals of Tourism Research, 13(2), 193-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(86)90037-X
  • McCool, S. F., Martin, S. R. 1994. Community attachment and attitudes towards tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 32(3), 29-34. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759403200305
  • Moscardo, G. 2009. Tourism and quality of life: towards a more critical approach. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 9, 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1057/thr.2009.6
  • Ogorelc, A. 2009. residents’ perceptions of tourism ımpacts and sustainable tourism development. International Journal of Sustainable Economy, 1(4), 373-387. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSE.2009.024763
  • Perdue, R. R., Long, P. T., Allen, L. 1987. Rural resident tourism perceptions and attitudes. Annals of Tourism Research, 14(3), 420-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(87)90112-5
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There are 60 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Human Geography
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Faruk Alaeddinoğlu 0000-0001-9934-4468

Mehmet Kadri Tekin 0000-0002-0667-6648

Project Number Proje değil
Publication Date December 29, 2020
Submission Date October 9, 2020
Acceptance Date November 27, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 29 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Alaeddinoğlu, F., & Tekin, M. K. (2020). TURİZMİN EKONOMİK, SOSYO-KÜLTÜREL VE ÇEVRESEL AÇIDAN YEREL HALKIN YAŞAM KALİTESİNE ETKİLERİ: BATMAN ÖRNEĞİ. Ege Coğrafya Dergisi, 29(2), 243-257.