The Effect of Short Carbon Fiber and Hydrothermal Carbon Content on Impact and Wear Properties of Epoxy Composites
Year 2024,
, 65 - 73, 13.03.2024
Shokrı Salah M. Khlıfa
,
Harun Çuğ
,
Andinet Kumella Eticha
,
Yasin Akgül
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of different weight fractions (3%, and 5%) of short carbon fibers (SCFs) and hydrothermal carbons (HTCs) on the impact and wear properties of epoxy matrix composites. The samples were fabricated using the hand lay-up method. Izod impact tests were applied to the unnotched samples. To investigate the wear properties of pure epoxy and composites, reciprocating wear tests were conducted. Also, a Scanning Electron Microscope has been used for observation of the morphology of the broken and worn surfaces of pure Epoxy and (SCFs and HTCs) reinforced epoxy-based composites. Results showed that HTCs have remarkable effects on improving the wear resistance rate as compared to SCFs reinforced composites. However, SCFs reinforced epoxy composites have better energy-absorbing effects compared to HTCs epoxy-reinforced composites.
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Year 2024,
, 65 - 73, 13.03.2024
Shokrı Salah M. Khlıfa
,
Harun Çuğ
,
Andinet Kumella Eticha
,
Yasin Akgül
References
- [1] S. A. Kumar, A. Lakshamankumar, K. Balasivaramareddy, and B. Ramprasath. Fabrication and study on carbon fiber with epoxy and vinyl ester resins. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012160. IOP Publishing, 2018.
- [2] C. Kishore, V. Bhatt, R. Jaiswal, S. Jugran, D. Rawat, and D. Verma. Analysis of carbon fiber reinforced with resin epoxy using fem analysis. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46:11129–11139, 2021.
- [3] R. Ambigai and S. Prabhu. Analysis on mechanical and thermal properties of glass-carbon/epoxy based hybrid composites. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012136. IOP Publishing, 2018.
- [4] D. K. Jesthi, A. Nayak, B. C. Routara, and R. K. Nayak. Evaluation of mechanical and tribological properties of glass/carbon fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composite. International Journal of Engineering, 31(7):1088–1094, 2018.
- [5] K. Karthik, I. I. Ahmed, and R. R. Renish. Experimental investigation of polymer matrix for heat distortion temperature test. TechnoChem, 3(2):243–251.
- [6] S. Mutalikdesai, A. Hadapad, S. Patole, and G. Hatti. Fabrication and mechanical characterization of glass fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites using fly ash/nano clay/zinc oxide as filler. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012061. IOP Publishing, 2018.
- [7] A. S. Swapnil, B. SatheSandip, P. ChaudhariBapu, and S. J. Vishal. Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of glass fibre/epoxy composites with variable volume fraction. materials today: proceedings, 4(9):9487–9490, 2017.
- [8] S. Matei, M. Stoicanescu, and A. Crisan. Composites with short fibers reinforced epoxy resin matrix. Procedia Technology, 22:174–181, 2016.
- [9] J. H. Song. Pairing effect and tensile properties of laminated high-performance hybrid composites prepared using carbon/glass and carbon/aramid fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 79:61–66, 2015.
- [10] N. Guermazi, N. Haddar, K. Elleuch, and H. F. Ayedi. Investigations on the fabrication and the characterization of glass/epoxy, carbon/epoxy and hybrid composites used in the reinforcement and the repair of aeronautic structures. Materials & Design (1980-2015), 56:714–724, 2014.
- [11] B. Solomon, D. George, K. Shunmugesh, and K. T. Akhil. The effect of fibers loading on the mechanical properties of carbon epoxy composite. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 25(3):237–240, 2017.
- [12] T. D. Jagannatha and G. Harish. Mechanical properties of carbon/glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid polymer composites. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, 4(2):131–137, 2015.
- [13] N. W. Khun, H. Zhang, L. H. Lim, C. Y. Yue, X. Hu, and J. Yang. Tribological properties of short carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites. Friction, 2(3):226–239, 2014.
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- [15] H. Simsir and Y. Akgul. Using a new sustainable carbon reinforcement in magnesium matrix composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, page 125886, 2022.
- [16] Y. Akgul, H. Ahlatci, M. E. Turan, M. A. Erden, Y. Sun, and A. Kilic. Influence of carbon fiber content on bio-tribological performances of high-density polyethylene. Materials Research Express, 6(12):125307, 2019.
- [17] F. H. Gojny, M. H. G. Wichmann, U. Köpke, B. Fiedler, and K. Schulte. Carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy-composites: enhanced stiffness and fracture toughness at low nanotube content. Composites Science and Technology, 64(15):2363–2371, 2004.
- [18] L. Yue, G. Pircheraghi, S. A. Monemian, and I. Manas-Zloczower. Epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets–dispersion and synergy effects. Carbon, 78:268–278, 2014.
- [19] V. K. Srivastava. Modeling and mechanical performance of carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composites. Materials & Design, 39:432–436, 2012.
- [20] M. M. Sakka, Z. Antar, K. Elleuch, and J. F. Feller. Tribological response of an epoxy matrix filled with graphite and/or carbon nanotubes. Friction, 5(2):171–182, 2017.
- [21] S. Sudhagar and S. S. Kumar. Determination of wear, friction behavior and characterization of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites for transport applications. Materials Research, 23, 2021.
- [22] Y. Akgul. Effect of hydrothermal carbons content on wear properties of polyethylene matrix composites. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A-Applied Sciences and Engineering, 23(3):207–215.
- [23] Y. Akgul, Y. A. Younes Alsbaaie, A. K. Eticha, and H. Cug. Mechanical and tribological behaviors of chopped carbon/glass fiber reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. Mechanics Of Advanced Composite Structures, 9(2):349–358, 2022.
[24] W. Z. Nie and J. Li. Effect of carbon fibre content on friction and wear properties of carbon fibre reinforced pa6 composites. Plastics, rubber and composites, 39(1):10–15, 2010.
- [25] M. Ekrem, H. Düzcükoğlu, M. Ali Şenyurt, Ö. Sinan Şahin, and A. Avcı. Friction and wear performance of epoxy resin reinforced with boron nitride nanoplatelets. Journal of Tribology, 140(2), 2018.
- [26] H. Simsir, Y. Akgul, and M. A. Erden. Hydrothermal carbon effect on iron matrix composites produced by powder metallurgy. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 242:122557, 2020.
- [27] V. Kostopoulos, A. Baltopoulos, P. Karapappas, A. Vavouliotis, and A. Paipetis. Impact and after-impact properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites enhanced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Composites Science and Technology, 70 (4):553–563, 2010.
- [28] K. J. Wong, U. Nirmal, and B. K. Lim. Impact behavior of short and continuous fiber-reinforced polyester composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29(23):3463–3474, 2010.
- [29] G. Xian and Z. Zhang. Sliding wear of polyetherimide matrix composites: I. influence of short carbon fibre reinforcement. Wear, 258(5-6):776–782, 2005.
- [30] R. İlhan and E. Feyzullahoğlu. The wear of glass fiber reinforced polyester composite materials at different loads and speeds. El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1):259–266, 2018.
- [31] E. Omrani, B. Barari, A. D. Moghadam, P. K. Rohatgi, and K. M. Pillai. Mechanical and tribological properties of selflubricating bio-based carbon-fabric epoxy composites made using liquid composite molding. Tribology International, 92: 222–232, 2015.
- [32] S. Matsunaga, T. Matsubara, W.-X. Wang, and Y. Takao. Effects of reciprocation number on the friction behaviors of carbon/epoxy for various fiber orientations and high contact pressures. In ICCM-13, 2001.