Lüster Sırlarının Karakterizasyonuna Genel Bir Bakış

Abstract

Lüster, camsı bir matris (konak) içine gömülü metal bakır ve/veya gümüş nano taneciklerinden yapılmış bir tür metal–cam kompozittir. Metal parçacık boyutları 5–50 nm arasında değişir ve bünye üzerinde 100 nm ile 1 mm kalınlığında bir tabaka oluşturur. Katmanların rengi ve saydamlığı, tabakadaki ışığın emilimi ve saçılımından kaynaklanmaktadır. Kullanılan pigmentler karakteristik metalik parlaklığı asla göstermezler, bunun yerine yanardöner lekeler halinde görünürler.

Lüster sırlı seramikler ilk olarak MS 9. yüzyılda Abbasi Hanedanlığı Dönemi’nde, Mezopotamya'daki Samarra ve Basra gibi kentlerde İslam seramikçileri tarafından elde edilmiş süslü seramiklerdir. İlk örnekleri Mısır’ın başkenti olan Fustat’da Fatimi Hanedanı zamanına aittir. Ardından Suriye (12–15. yy.) ve İran’da (12–17. yy.) üretilmişlerdir. Her dönem ve yere özgü olarak lüster sırlarının karakteristik stilleri de değişmektedir. Bu çalışma lüster sırlarının geçmişten günümüze yaşadığı yolculuğu özetlemektedir.

Keywords

• Lüster,Sır,Tarihçe,Üretim,Özellik

A General Look over the Characterisation of Lustre Glazes

Abstract

Lustre is a kind of metal–glass composite made of glassy matrix in which metallic copper and/or silver nano–particles are embedded. The size of particles varies between 5–50 and form a layer of 100 nm–1 mm on body. The colours and brightness of the layers are due to the light absorption and dispersion by the layer itself. The pigments used do not exhibit metallic brightness never, instead they appear as iridescent spots.

Lustre glazes, for the first time, were patterned glazes produced by Islamic ceramist in Samarra and Basra cities of Mesopotamia during Abbasid Dynasty in 9. century AC. Its preliminary samples belong to Fustat, the capital of Egypt of Fatimid Dynasty. After, they had been produced in Syria (12–15. century AC) and Iran (12–17. century AC). Each Era and region inhibit their original characteristics. Hereby, the historical journey and general knowledge about lustre are summarised.

Keywords

• Lustre,Glaze,History,Production,Properties

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