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Diklofenak’ın Fotokimyasal İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri ile Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması

Year 2020, , 1110 - 1121, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.736420

Abstract

Bu çalışmada seçilen ilaç, antienflamatuar yapıya sahip ilaçlar içerisinde en yüksek akut toksisitesi bulunan Diklofenak ilacıdır. Arıtım yöntemlerinden UV ve kombinasyonları (UV/H2O2, UV/TiO2, UV/ZnO) çalışılmıştır. Diklofenak içeren sentetik suyun UV, UV/H2O2, UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO yöntemleri ile 0-10-20-30-40-50-60.dakikalarda numune alınarak giderimi incelenmiştir. UV/H2O2 prosesi için 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 mg/L konsantrasyonlarında, UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO prosesleri için ise 40, 80, 160, 240, 320 mg/L konsantrasyonlarında farklı Diklofenak çözeltileri hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada diklofenak konsantrasyonları LC-MS/MS ve TOK cihazları ile ölçülmüştür. Tüm proseslerde çalışma koşulları aynı kalmıştır. LCMS-MS analizinde UV prosesisi için Diklofenak giderim verimi %55,23, UV/H2O2 ile Diklofenak giderimi ise 200 mg/L H2O2 konsantrasyonunda %>99,99 bulunmuştur. TOK giderimi UV proseste %30,71, UV/H2O2 prosesinde ise en yüksek verim 800 mg/L’de %97 olarak bulunmuştur. UV/TiO2 ve UV/ZnO prosesi sonucunda TOK giderimi 320 mg/L’de sırasıyla %93,23 ve %96,10 bulunmuştur. LC-MS/MS analiz sonuçlarında ise 240 mg/L TiO2 ve ZnO konsantrasyonlarında Diklofenak giderimi %>99,99 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuçlara göre UV prosesinin tek başına etkinliği %10-30 iken UV/ZnO, UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 gibi kombinasyonlarında daha etkili giderim verimi elde edilmiştir. Maliyet açısından ise optimum proses UV/H2O2 (200 mg/L) prosesi bulunmuştur.

References

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  • [5] Lee, J., Ji, K., Kho, Y. L., Kim, P. and Choi, K., Chronic Exposure to Diclofenac On Two Freshwater Cladocerans and Japanese Medaka. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2011, 74(5), 1216-1225.
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  • [12] Çatalkaya E.Ç., Bali U., Şengül F., Fenol’ün Fotokimyasal Yöntemlerle Parçalanması ve Mineralizasyonu, Su Kirlenmesi ve Kontrolü Dergisi, 2004, 14(3), 31 -41.
  • [13] Giri, R. R., Ozaki, H., Ota, S., Takanami, R. and Taniguchi, S., Degradation of Common Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Mixed Solutions by Advanced Oxidation Techniques. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 7(2), 251-260.
  • [14] Kim, I., Yamashita, N. and Tanaka, H., Photodegradation of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products During UV and UV/H2O2 Treatments. Chemosphere, 2009a, 77, 518-524.
  • [15] Pérez-Estrada, L. A., Maldonado, M. I., Gernjak, W., Agüera, A., Fernández-Alba, A. R., Ballesteros, M. M. and Malato, S., Decomposition of Diclofenac by Solar Driven Photocatalysis at Pilot Plant Scale. Catalysis Today, 2005, 101(3-4), 219-226.
  • [16] Benitez, F.J., Acero, J.L., Real, F.R., Roldan, G. and Casas, F., Comparison of Different Chemical Oxidation Treatments for The Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals in Water Matrices. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 168, 1149-1156.
  • [17] Sarasidis, V.C., Plakas, K.V., Patsios, S.I. and Karabelas, A.J., Investigation of Diclofenac Degradation in A Continuous Photo-Catalytic Membrane Reactor. Influence of Operating Parameters. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 239, 299-311.
  • [18] Ahmed, M. M., Brienza, M., Goetz, V. and Chiron, S., Solar Photo-Fenton Using Peroxymonosulfate for Organic Micropollutants Removal from Domestic Wastewater: Comparison with Heterogeneous TiO2 Photocatalysis. Chemosphere, 2014, 117, 256-261.
  • [19] Tokumura, M., Sugawara, A., Raknuzzaman, M., Habibullah-Al-Mamun, M. and Masunaga, S., Comprehensive Study on Effects of Water Matrices on Removal of Pharmaceuticals by Three Different Kinds of Advanced Oxidation Processes. Chemosphere, 2016, 159, 317-325.
  • [20] Ong, C.B., Ng, L.Y. and Mohammad, A.W., A Review of ZnO Nanoparticles as Solar Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Mechanisms and Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 81, 536-551.
  • [21] Karaca, M., Kıranşan, M., Karaca, S., Khataee, A. and Karimi, A., Sonocatalytic Removal of Naproxen by Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Montmorillonite. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2016, 31: 250-256.
  • [22] Madhavan, J., Kumar, P.S.S., Anandan, S., Zhou, M., Grieser, F. and Ashokkumar, M., Ultrasound Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac in An Aqueous Environment. Chemosphere, 2010, 80(7), 747-752.
  • [23] https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/elektrik-fiyatlari/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
Year 2020, , 1110 - 1121, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.736420

Abstract

References

  • [1] Vogna, D., Marotta, R., Napolitano, A., Andreozzi, R. and D’lschia, M., Advanced Oxidation of The Pharmaceutical Drug Diclofenac with UV/H2O2 and Ozone. Water Research, 2004, 38(2), 414-422.
  • [2] Şahan, A., Farmasötik Maddelerin Aktif Çamur Arıtma Prosesinde Abiyotik Gideriminin İncelenmesi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007, Adana, 90.
  • [3] Kümmerer, K., Pharmaceuticals in the Environment. Annual Review of Environment And Resources, 2010, 35, 57-75.
  • [4] Schwaiger, J., Ferling, H., Mallow, U., H. Wintermayr, H. and Negele, R.D., Toxic Effects of The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Part I: Histopathological Alterations and Bioaccumulation in Rainbow Trout. Aquatic Toxicology, 2004, 68, 141-150.
  • [5] Lee, J., Ji, K., Kho, Y. L., Kim, P. and Choi, K., Chronic Exposure to Diclofenac On Two Freshwater Cladocerans and Japanese Medaka. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2011, 74(5), 1216-1225.
  • [6] Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği. RG Tarihi:10.8.2016, R.G. Sayısı:29797 Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • [7] Yang, J. F., Ying, G. G., Zhao, J. L., Tao, R., Su, H. C. and Chen, F., Simultaneous Determination of Four Classes of Antibiotics in Sediments of the Pearl Rivers Using RRLC-MS/MS, Science of the Total Environment, 2010, 408(16), 3424-3432.
  • [8] Ince, N. H. and Apıkyan, I. G., Combination of Activated Carbon Adsorption with Light Enhanced Chemical Oxidation Via Hydrogen Peroxide. Water Research, 2000, 34.17, 4169-4176.
  • [9] Jiang, J., Zhou, Z. and Sharma, V. K., Occurrence, Transportation, Monitoring and Treatment of Emerging Micro-Pollutants In Waste Water. A Review from Global View, Microchemical Journal, 2013, 110, 292-300.
  • [10] Environmental Health Analysis, Scientific Databases. http://esc.srcinc.com/fatepointer/search.asp. (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
  • [11] Epold I., Dulova N., Trapido M. 2012. Degradation of Diclofenac in Aqueous Solution by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Photolysis, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Ecological Science, http://dx.doi.org/10.7243/2050-1323-1-3.
  • [12] Çatalkaya E.Ç., Bali U., Şengül F., Fenol’ün Fotokimyasal Yöntemlerle Parçalanması ve Mineralizasyonu, Su Kirlenmesi ve Kontrolü Dergisi, 2004, 14(3), 31 -41.
  • [13] Giri, R. R., Ozaki, H., Ota, S., Takanami, R. and Taniguchi, S., Degradation of Common Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Mixed Solutions by Advanced Oxidation Techniques. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 7(2), 251-260.
  • [14] Kim, I., Yamashita, N. and Tanaka, H., Photodegradation of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products During UV and UV/H2O2 Treatments. Chemosphere, 2009a, 77, 518-524.
  • [15] Pérez-Estrada, L. A., Maldonado, M. I., Gernjak, W., Agüera, A., Fernández-Alba, A. R., Ballesteros, M. M. and Malato, S., Decomposition of Diclofenac by Solar Driven Photocatalysis at Pilot Plant Scale. Catalysis Today, 2005, 101(3-4), 219-226.
  • [16] Benitez, F.J., Acero, J.L., Real, F.R., Roldan, G. and Casas, F., Comparison of Different Chemical Oxidation Treatments for The Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals in Water Matrices. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 168, 1149-1156.
  • [17] Sarasidis, V.C., Plakas, K.V., Patsios, S.I. and Karabelas, A.J., Investigation of Diclofenac Degradation in A Continuous Photo-Catalytic Membrane Reactor. Influence of Operating Parameters. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 239, 299-311.
  • [18] Ahmed, M. M., Brienza, M., Goetz, V. and Chiron, S., Solar Photo-Fenton Using Peroxymonosulfate for Organic Micropollutants Removal from Domestic Wastewater: Comparison with Heterogeneous TiO2 Photocatalysis. Chemosphere, 2014, 117, 256-261.
  • [19] Tokumura, M., Sugawara, A., Raknuzzaman, M., Habibullah-Al-Mamun, M. and Masunaga, S., Comprehensive Study on Effects of Water Matrices on Removal of Pharmaceuticals by Three Different Kinds of Advanced Oxidation Processes. Chemosphere, 2016, 159, 317-325.
  • [20] Ong, C.B., Ng, L.Y. and Mohammad, A.W., A Review of ZnO Nanoparticles as Solar Photocatalysts: Synthesis, Mechanisms and Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 81, 536-551.
  • [21] Karaca, M., Kıranşan, M., Karaca, S., Khataee, A. and Karimi, A., Sonocatalytic Removal of Naproxen by Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Montmorillonite. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2016, 31: 250-256.
  • [22] Madhavan, J., Kumar, P.S.S., Anandan, S., Zhou, M., Grieser, F. and Ashokkumar, M., Ultrasound Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Diclofenac in An Aqueous Environment. Chemosphere, 2010, 80(7), 747-752.
  • [23] https://www.enerjiatlasi.com/elektrik-fiyatlari/ (Erişim tarihi: 10.05.2020)
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Sevda Hatun Altın 0000-0002-7828-8775

Sevde Ustun Odabasi 0000-0003-3533-4089

Hanife Büyükgüngör 0000-0003-1201-6862

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Submission Date May 13, 2020
Acceptance Date June 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

IEEE S. H. Altın, S. Ustun Odabasi, and H. Büyükgüngör, “Diklofenak’ın Fotokimyasal İleri Oksidasyon Prosesleri ile Arıtılabilirliğinin Araştırılması”, ECJSE, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1110–1121, 2020, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.736420.