Microstructure and Chemical Analysis of Particulate Matter from Diesel-Fuelled Vehicle Emissions

Abstract

Exhaust emissions from vehicle traffic refer to the particles released into the air due to the combustion of fuels, additives and the erosion of engine parts in the system during vehicle use. The most important potential source of pollution is vehicle emissions. Diesel-fueled vehicles increase exhaust gas emissions in the transportation sector due to their widespread use. These emissions occur by solidifying from the gaseous state under different conditions such as engine type, fuel type and combustion process in engines. While a temperature of about 2000 0C occurs during the combustion of these engines, this temperature drops to 1000 0C in the exhaust line. When it is included in the environment, it runs at real atmospheric temperature. Particles that solidify by cooling at high temperatures contain quite different structures. The aim of this study is to describe in detail the microstructure and chemical properties of complex structures that participate in the real atmosphere. In the study, characterization was made using SEM, EDS, XRD and FTIR techniques. At the end of the study, it was determined that hydrocarbons, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, organic based minerals and compounds in the diesel particle composition continue to pollute the air in different forms.

Keywords

• Diesel fuel
• Microstructure
• Particulate Matter
• Pulllution
• Emission

Dizel Yakıtlı Taşıtlardan Salınan Partikül Maddelerin Mikroyapı ve Kimyasal Karakterizasyonu

Abstract

Taşıt trafiğinden kaynaklanan egzoz emisyonları, taşıt kullanımı sırasında yakıtların, katkı maddelerinin yanması ve sistemindeki motor parçalarının aşınması nedeniyle havaya salınan parçacıkları ifade eder. Kirliliğin en önemli potansiyel kaynağı taşıt emisyonlarıdır. Dizel yakıtlı araçlar yaygın olarak kullanılmalarından dolayı, ulaştırma sektöründe egzoz gazı emisyonlarını arttırmaktadır. Bu emisyonlar motorlarda motor tipi, yakıt tipi ve yanma süreci gibi farklı şartlarda gaz halinden katılaşarak meydana gelmektedir. Bu motorlarda yanma sırasında yaklaşık 2000 0C sıcaklık meydana gelirken, egzoz hattında bu sıcaklık 1000 0C seviyelerine düşmektedir. Çevreye dahil olduğunda ise gerçek atmosferik sıcaklıkta seyretmektedir. Yüksek sıcaklıktan soğuyarak katılaşan partiküller oldukça farklı yapılar içermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, gerçek atmosfere katılan komplex yapıların mikro yapı ve kimyasal özelliklerini ayrıntılı olarak tanımlamaktır. Çalışmada SEM, EDS, XRD ve FTIR teknikleriyle kullanılarak karakterizasyon yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, dizel partikül kompozisyonunda hidrokarbon, azot oksit, karbon monoksit, organik esaslı mineral ve bileşiklerin farklı formlarda havayı kirletmeye devam ettiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Dizel yakıt
• Mikroyapı
• Partikül Madde
• Kirlilik
• Emisyon

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