Biomonitoring of Heavy Metal Levels in Izmit Gulf in Marmara Sea with Biofilm Formation in Plexiglass Substrate

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 20 - 30, 31.01.2020

Sedat Sürdem , Mehmet Doğan

https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.590315

Abstract

In this study, plexiglas substrates were used for biofilm formation
to observe short-term variations in heavy metals in Izmit Gulf. The substrates
were inserted and collected in a two-week period as three times in the autumn
season. The averaged accumulation values of metals were decreased in the order
of Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cd. The same trend was observed in
the first and third samples of the autumn without any exception in the
sequence. The order for the second sample was as
Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd. Among the 37 species found, 22
belonged to Bacillariophyceae, 2 species to Cyanophyceae and 13 species to
Dinophyceae taxa. While Bacillariophyceae consisted of about 55 % of total colony,
38 %  and 7 % comsosed of species of
Dinophyceae and Cyanophyceae taxa, respectively. Total biodensity values are
22362, 23513 and 21348 cell/ml. For various incubation days (15, 30 and 45), it
was seen that increasing incubation time would not always result in the increase
in densities of all species and total density of biofilms. Metal levels did not
show big variations. Low correlations were observed in relative abundances of
first three dominant species occupying around 85 % of total algal community
with some metals, though the variations are not much significant. 

Keywords

Biomonitoring, Biofilm, Heavy Metal, Marmara Sea

Marmara Denizi'nde İzmit Körfezinde Ağır Metal Toksisitesinin, Pleksiglas Substratta Biyofilm Oluşumu ile Biyoizlenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Biyofilm oluşumu
ile İzmit Körfezi'ndeki ağır metallerde kısa süreli değişimleri gözlemlemek
için pleksiglas substratlar kullanılmıştır. Substratlar sonbahar mevsiminde
yerleştirildi ve üç defada iki haftalık periyot ile toplandı. Metallerin
ortalama birikim değerleri, Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cd
sırasına göre azalmıştır.  Aynı eğilim,
istisnasız olarak sonbaharın ilk ve üçüncü örneklerinde de gözlenmiştir. İkinci
numunenin sırası, Fe> Mn> Zn> Pb> Cr> Cu> Ni> Cd
şeklindeydi. Bulunan 37 türün 22'si Bacillariophyceae'ye, 2'si Cyanophyceae'ye
ve 13 türü Dinophyceae taxa'ya aittir. Bacillariophyceae toplam koloninin
yaklaşık % 55'ini oluştururken,% 38 Dinophyceae ve % 7'si Cyanophyceae taxa
türlerinden oluşmuştur. Toplam biyolojik yoğunluk değerleri 22362, 23513 ve
21348 hücre/ml'dir. Çeşitli inkübasyon günlerinde (15, 30 ve 45), artan
inkübasyon süresinin her zaman tüm türlerin yoğunluklarında ve biyofilmlerin
toplam yoğunluğunda bir artışa yol açmadığı görülmüştür. Metal seviyeleri büyük
değişiklikler göstermedi. Varyasyonlar çok anlamlı olmamakla birlikte, bazı
metallerle toplam alg topluluğunun% 85'ini kaplayan ilk üç baskın türün
göreceli bolluğunda düşük korelasyonlar gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Biyoizleme, Biyofilm, Ağır Metal, Marmara Denizi

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