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Evaluation of waste human hair as graphene oxide and examination of some characteristics properties

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 104 - 110, 31.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.594819

Abstract

In
this study, graphene oxide was synthesized from activated carbon obtained from
waste hair for the first time using Modified Hummers method. the Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR),
Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis results of synthesized
graphene oxide were examined. In SEM images, graphene oxide structures were
observed as very thin layers. In addition, the characteristic peaks of graphene
oxide were observed in FT-IR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. In the XRD
spectra, reflections of the graphene oxide were seen in plane (001) at 2θ=13.66.
It was determined that this structure was hexagonal crystal structure. The
distance d (6.39Å) between the planes and the weave parameters were determined
to be 12.80 Å. The transformation process for actived carbon production from
human hair waste was patented by Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (Turkish
Patent Institute Application Number: (2017/10764).

References

  • Referans1 Gupta, A., “Human Hair “Waste” and Its Utilization: Gaps and Possibilities”, J. Waste Manag., 2014, 1–17.
  • Referans2 Leblond, C. P.. “Histological Structure of Hair, With a Brief Comparison to Other Epidermal Appendages and Epidermis Itself ”, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1951, 53,464–75.
  • Referans3 Banat, F. A., Al-Asheh, S., “The use of human hair waste as a phenol biosorbent”, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol, 2001,19, 599–608.
  • Referans4 Novoselov K. S., Geim A. K., Morozov S. V., Jiang D., Zhang Y., Dubonos S. V., Grigorieva I. V., Firsov A. A., “Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films”, Science, 2004, 306(5696), 666-669.
  • Referans5 Skrzetuska E., Puchalski M., Krucińska I., “Chemically driven printed textile sensors based on graphene and carbon nanotubes”, Sensors, 2014, 14, 16816-16828.
  • Referans6 Park S., Ruoff R.S., “Chemical methods for the production of graphenes”, Nat Nanotechnol., 2009,4,217-24.
  • Referans7 Poh H.L, Šaněk F., Ambrosi A., Zhao G., Sofer Z., Pumera M., “Graphenes prepared by Staudenmaier, Hofmann and Hummers methods with consequent thermal exfoliation exhibit very different electrochemical properties”, Nanoscale. 2012, 7,4(11):3515-22.
  • Referans8 An J. E., Jeon G. W., Jeong Y. G., “Preparation and properties of polypropylene nanocomposites reinforced with exfoliated graphene”, Fibers And Polymers, 2012,13, 4, 507-514.
  • Referans9 Ramlan A. H., Sirata S., Ismail E., Buys Y. F., Purwanto H., Mustafah Y., Md Din M. F., Ani M.H. “Effects of hydrogen during annealing process of graphene synthesis via chemical vapor deposition” ,Materials Today Proceedings, 2019, 7, 2, 675-685.
  • Referans10 Reina A, Jia X, Ho J, Nezich D, Son H, Bulovic V, Dresselhaus MS, Kong J., Large Area, Few- Layer Graphene Films on Arbitrary Substrates by Chemical Vapor Deposition, Nano Letters, 2009, 9(1), 30-35.
  • Referans11 Kosynkin, D. V., Higginbotham, A. L., Sinitskii, A.,Lomeda, J. R., Dimiev, A., Price, B. K., & Tour, J. M., “Longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form graphene nanoribbons”. Nature, 2009, 458(7240),872-875.
  • Referans12 Yazdi G.R., Akhtar F., Ivanov I.G., Schmidt S., Shtepliuk I., Zakkarov A., Iakimov T., Yakimova R.,“Effect of epitaxial graphene morphology on adsorption of ambient species" Applied Surface Science, 2019, 486, 30, 239-248.
  • Referans13 Park S., Ruoff R., “Chemical methods for the production of graphene”, Nature Nanotechnology, 2009, 4: 217-224.
  • Referans14 Bal Altuntas D., Tepeli Y., Anik U., “Graphene-metallic nanocomposites as modifiers in electrochemical glucose biosensor transducers”, 2016, 2DMater.,3(034001).
  • Referans15 Shahrıary L., Athawale A. A., “Graphene Oxide Synthesized by using Modified Hummers Approach”, International Journal of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2014, 2(1),1-6.
  • Referans16 Paulchamy B, Arthi G, Lignesh B.D., “A Simple Approach to Stepwise Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterial”, 2015, J. Nanomed Nanotechnol , 6,1-6.
  • Referans17 Hanifah M.F.R, Jaafar J., Aziz M., Ismail A.F., Rahman M.A., Othman M.H.D., “Synthesis of graphene oxide nanosheets via modified hummers’ method and ıts physicochemical properties”, Jurnal Teknologi, 2015, 74(1): 189-192.
  • Referans18 Sofla R. L. M., Rezaei M., Babaie A., “Investigation of the effect of graphene oxide functionalization on the physical, mechanical and shape memory properties of polyurethane/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites”, Diamond and Related Materials, 2019, 95, 195-205.
  • Referans19 Ferrari A.C., “Raman spectroscopy of graphene and graphite: disorder, electron-phonon coupling, doping and nonadiabatic effects”, Solid State Communications, 2007, 143(1): 47-57.
  • Referans20 Chen W., Yan L., Bangal P.R., “Chemical reduction of graphene oxide to graphene by sulfurcontaining compounds” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(47): 19885-19890.

Atık İnsan Saçının Grafenoksit Olarak Değerlendirilmesi ve Bazı Karakteristik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 104 - 110, 31.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.594819

Abstract

Son zamanlarda, üstün elektriksel, mekanik, termal ve
optik özelliklere sahip nanomalzeme , grafen önemli bir araştırma konusu haline
gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, modifiye Hummers yöntemi kullanılarak ilk kez atık
saçtan elde edilen aktif karbondan grafen oksit sentezlendi. Sentezlenen grafen oksitin Taramalı
Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), Fourier Dönüşüm Kızılötesi (FT-IR) Spektroskopisi,
Raman Spektroskopisi ve X Işını Kırınım (XRD) analiz sonuçları incelendi. SEM
görüntülerinde katmanlı ve çok ince tabakalar halinde grafen oksit yapıları
gözlendi. Ayrıca, FT-IR spektroskopisi ve Raman spektroskopisinde ise grafen
oksite ait karakteristik pikler görüldü. XRD spektrumda grafen oksite ait 2θ =
13.66 °de (0.01) düzleminde yansımalar görüldü. Oluşan bu yapının hekzagonal
kristal yapıda olduğu belirlendi. Düzlemler arasındaki d mesafesi (6.39) ve
örgü parametreleri 12.80 Å olarak belirlendi.
İnsan saçı atıklarından aktif karbon üretimi dönüşüm süreci, Türkiye
Patent ve Marka Ofisi tarafından patentlendi (Türkiye Patent Enstitüsü Başvuru
Numarası: (2017/10764).

References

  • Referans1 Gupta, A., “Human Hair “Waste” and Its Utilization: Gaps and Possibilities”, J. Waste Manag., 2014, 1–17.
  • Referans2 Leblond, C. P.. “Histological Structure of Hair, With a Brief Comparison to Other Epidermal Appendages and Epidermis Itself ”, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1951, 53,464–75.
  • Referans3 Banat, F. A., Al-Asheh, S., “The use of human hair waste as a phenol biosorbent”, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol, 2001,19, 599–608.
  • Referans4 Novoselov K. S., Geim A. K., Morozov S. V., Jiang D., Zhang Y., Dubonos S. V., Grigorieva I. V., Firsov A. A., “Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films”, Science, 2004, 306(5696), 666-669.
  • Referans5 Skrzetuska E., Puchalski M., Krucińska I., “Chemically driven printed textile sensors based on graphene and carbon nanotubes”, Sensors, 2014, 14, 16816-16828.
  • Referans6 Park S., Ruoff R.S., “Chemical methods for the production of graphenes”, Nat Nanotechnol., 2009,4,217-24.
  • Referans7 Poh H.L, Šaněk F., Ambrosi A., Zhao G., Sofer Z., Pumera M., “Graphenes prepared by Staudenmaier, Hofmann and Hummers methods with consequent thermal exfoliation exhibit very different electrochemical properties”, Nanoscale. 2012, 7,4(11):3515-22.
  • Referans8 An J. E., Jeon G. W., Jeong Y. G., “Preparation and properties of polypropylene nanocomposites reinforced with exfoliated graphene”, Fibers And Polymers, 2012,13, 4, 507-514.
  • Referans9 Ramlan A. H., Sirata S., Ismail E., Buys Y. F., Purwanto H., Mustafah Y., Md Din M. F., Ani M.H. “Effects of hydrogen during annealing process of graphene synthesis via chemical vapor deposition” ,Materials Today Proceedings, 2019, 7, 2, 675-685.
  • Referans10 Reina A, Jia X, Ho J, Nezich D, Son H, Bulovic V, Dresselhaus MS, Kong J., Large Area, Few- Layer Graphene Films on Arbitrary Substrates by Chemical Vapor Deposition, Nano Letters, 2009, 9(1), 30-35.
  • Referans11 Kosynkin, D. V., Higginbotham, A. L., Sinitskii, A.,Lomeda, J. R., Dimiev, A., Price, B. K., & Tour, J. M., “Longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form graphene nanoribbons”. Nature, 2009, 458(7240),872-875.
  • Referans12 Yazdi G.R., Akhtar F., Ivanov I.G., Schmidt S., Shtepliuk I., Zakkarov A., Iakimov T., Yakimova R.,“Effect of epitaxial graphene morphology on adsorption of ambient species" Applied Surface Science, 2019, 486, 30, 239-248.
  • Referans13 Park S., Ruoff R., “Chemical methods for the production of graphene”, Nature Nanotechnology, 2009, 4: 217-224.
  • Referans14 Bal Altuntas D., Tepeli Y., Anik U., “Graphene-metallic nanocomposites as modifiers in electrochemical glucose biosensor transducers”, 2016, 2DMater.,3(034001).
  • Referans15 Shahrıary L., Athawale A. A., “Graphene Oxide Synthesized by using Modified Hummers Approach”, International Journal of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2014, 2(1),1-6.
  • Referans16 Paulchamy B, Arthi G, Lignesh B.D., “A Simple Approach to Stepwise Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterial”, 2015, J. Nanomed Nanotechnol , 6,1-6.
  • Referans17 Hanifah M.F.R, Jaafar J., Aziz M., Ismail A.F., Rahman M.A., Othman M.H.D., “Synthesis of graphene oxide nanosheets via modified hummers’ method and ıts physicochemical properties”, Jurnal Teknologi, 2015, 74(1): 189-192.
  • Referans18 Sofla R. L. M., Rezaei M., Babaie A., “Investigation of the effect of graphene oxide functionalization on the physical, mechanical and shape memory properties of polyurethane/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites”, Diamond and Related Materials, 2019, 95, 195-205.
  • Referans19 Ferrari A.C., “Raman spectroscopy of graphene and graphite: disorder, electron-phonon coupling, doping and nonadiabatic effects”, Solid State Communications, 2007, 143(1): 47-57.
  • Referans20 Chen W., Yan L., Bangal P.R., “Chemical reduction of graphene oxide to graphene by sulfurcontaining compounds” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(47): 19885-19890.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Vagif Nevruzoğlu 0000-0002-8758-4760

Derya Bal Altuntaş 0000-0001-6544-6271

Publication Date January 31, 2020
Submission Date July 21, 2019
Acceptance Date October 7, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE V. Nevruzoğlu and D. Bal Altuntaş, “Evaluation of waste human hair as graphene oxide and examination of some characteristics properties”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 104–110, 2020, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.594819.

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