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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste with Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 519 - 532, 31.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.813007

Abstract

In this study, experiments have been carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on final product yield of pyrolysis of municipal solid waste. In addition, rotary kiln is numerically modeled, mass, energy and momentum equations are derived. At the same time, a finite element model was constructed for a pyrolysis reactor designed at three different aspect ratios. A total of 81 computational fluids dynamics analyzes were carried out by using different values for inlet temperature, particle size and rotation speed with data from Kocaeli province environmental situation report' 2015. According to the analysis conditions, where the maximum methane gas yield is obtained, the energy potential that can be obtained from the municipal solid wastes was calculated. It has been observed that the experimental data overlaps with the analysis in terms of methane yield.

References

  • [1]K. Papadikis, S. Gu, and A. V. Bridgwater, “CFD modelling of the fast pyrolysis of biomass in fluidised bed reactors. Part B. Heat, momentum and mass transport in bubbling fluidised beds,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 64, no. 5, pp. 1036–1045, 2009.
  • [2]M. He et al., “Syngas production from pyrolysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) with dolomite as downstream catalysts,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 181–187, 2010.
  • [3]E. Dahlquist, Technologies for converting biomass to useful energy. 2013.
  • [4] M. Agarwal, “An Investigation on the Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste,” RMIT University, 2014.
  • [5] P. Baggio, M. Baratieri, A. Gasparella, and G. a. Longo, “Energy and environmental analysis of an innovative system based on municipal solid waste (MSW) pyrolysis and combined cycle,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 28, no. 2–3, pp. 136–144, Feb. 2008.
  • [6] A. V. BRIDGWATER and G. GRASSI, Biomass pyrolysis liquids upgrading and utilisation. 1991.
  • [7] Polat Fikret, Kılınçel Mert, Toklu Ethem (2017). An experimental study on heating performance of dryer placed in a lab-scale pyrolysis system. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering (IJMPE), 5(2), 158-161., Doi: IJMPE-IRAJ-DOI-7032
  • [8] N. Couto et al., “Numerical and experimental analysis of municipal solid wastes gasification process,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 78, no. March, pp. 185–195, 2015.
  • [9] W. A. Worrell and P. A. Vesilind, Solid Waste Enginering, 2nd ed., Stamford, USA: Cengage Learning, 2011.
  • [10] A. T. Sipra, N. Gao, and H. Sarwar, “Municipal solid waste (MSW) pyrolysis for bio-fuel production: A review of effects of MSW components and catalysts,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 175, no. November 2017, pp. 131–147, 2018.
  • [11] P. J. Reddy, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Hyderabad, India: Taylor & Francis Group, 2001.
  • [12] A. Pariatamby and M. Tanaka, Municipal solid waste management in asia and the pacific ıslands. 2014.
  • [13] Er Sunil Kumar, Waste Management, Vukovar, Croatia: Intech, 2010.
  • [14] C. Acikgoz, O. Onay, and O. M. Kockar, “Fast pyrolysis of linseed: Product yields and compositions,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 417–429, 2004.
  • [15] E. Apaydin-Varol, E. Pütün, and A. E. Pütün, “Slow pyrolysis of pistachio shell,” Fuel, vol. 86, no. 12–13, pp. 1892–1899, 2007.
  • [16] B. V. Babu and a. S. Chaurasia, “Modeling & simulation of pyrolysis: influence of particle size and temperature,” … Int. Conf. Multimed. …, vol. 333031, 2002.
  • [17] P. Basu, Biomass gasification and pyrolysis handbook. 2010.
  • [18] B. Berahman, “A Preliminary Study on Pyrolysis and Gasification of Asphaltenes and Coal-Asphaltenes Slurry in Entrained Flow Reactor,” University of Alberta, 2012.
  • [19] W. K. Buah, A. M. Cunliffe, and P. T. Williams, “Characterization of products from the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste,” Process Saf. Environ. Prot., vol. 85, no. 5 B, pp. 450–457, 2007.
  • [20] J. N. Brown, “Development of a lab-scale auger reactor for biomass fast pyrolysis and process optimization using response surface methodology,” Iowa State University, 2009.
  • [21] D. Fytili and A. Zabaniotou, “Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods-A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 116–140, 2008.
  • [22] K. M. Qureshi, A. N. Kay Lup, S. Khan, F. Abnisa, and W. M. A. Wan Daud, “A technical review on semi-continuous and continuous pyrolysis process of biomass to bio-oil,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 131, no. December 2017, pp. 52–75, 2018.
  • [23] G. C. Young, Municipal solid waste to energy conversion processes economic, technical and renewable comparisons. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010.
  • [24] A. U. Zaman, “Life cycle assessment of pyrolysis–gasification as an emerging municipal solid waste treatment technology,” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1029–1038, Mar. 2013.
  • [25] D. Wu, A. Zhang, L. Xiao, Y. Ba, H. Ren, and L. Liu, “Pyrolysis Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste in Oxygen-free Circumstance,” Energy Procedia, vol. 105, pp. 1255–1262, 2017.
  • [26] C. Zhou, “Gasification and pyrolysis characterization and heat transfer phenomena during thermal conversion of municipal solid waste,” KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 2014.
  • [27] I. Velghe, R. Carleer, J. Yperman, and S. Schreurs, “Study of the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste for the production of valuable products,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 366–375, 2011.
  • [28] Mert Kilincel, Ethem Toklu and Fikret Polat, ''Influence of A Novel Catalysis on The Pyrolysis Yields Obtained by Two Different Reactors'' Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences vol. 6, no.2, 2020
  • [29] S. W. Banks, D. J. Nowakowski, and a. V. Bridgwater, “Fast pyrolysis processing of surfactant washed Miscanthus,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 128, pp. 94–103, Dec. 2014.
  • [30] M. Content, P. Size, and F. Capacity, “Chapter 4 Physical , Chemical and Biological Properties of MSW Physical Propeties of MSW,” pp. 1–19, 2012.
  • [31] D. G. Kröger, Air-cooled Heat exchangers and Cooling Towers: Thermal-Flow Performance Evaluation and Design:V1, vol. 1. 2004.
  • [32] P. Gaurh and H. Pramanik, “A novel approach of solid waste management via aromatization using multiphase catalytic pyrolysis of waste polyethylene,” Waste Manag., vol. 71, pp. 86–96, 2018.
  • [33] C. Di Blasi, “Modeling chemical and physical processes of wood and biomass pyrolysis,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 47–90, 2008.
  • [34] M. Heydenrych, Modelling of rotary kilns. University of Twente, The Netherlands 2001.
  • [35] A. Phounglamcheik, “Modeling of a Rotary Drum Pyrolyzer,” KTH Royal Institute of Technology Abstract, 2015.
  • [36] M. D. Heydenrych, P. Greeff, A. B. M. Heesink, and G. F. Versteeg, “Mass transfer in rolling rotary kilns: A novel approach,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 57, no. 18, pp. 3851–3859, 2002.
  • [37] K. Ç. ve Ş. İ. Müdürlüğü, “Kocaeli ili 2015 yılı çevre durum raporu,” Kocaeli, 2016.
  • [38] Fluent, “Introduction to modeling multiphase flows,” pp. 1–12, 2001.
  • [39] P. Pepiot, C. Dibble, and T. Foust, “Computational fluid dynamics modeling of biomass gasification and pyrolysis,” in In Computational Modeling in Lignocellulosic Biofuel Production, 2010, pp. 273–298.
  • [40] A. T. ÇALIK, “CFD modeling of emissions formation and reduction in heavy duty diesel engines,” ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, 2007.
  • [41] M. Colombo and M. Fairweather, “Influence of multiphase turbulence modelling on interfacial momentum transfer in two-fluid Eulerian-Eulerian CFD models of bubbly flows,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 195, pp. 968–984, 2018.
  • [42] G. Zhang and K. Jiao, “Three-dimensional multi-phase simulation of PEMFC at high current density utilizing Eulerian-Eulerian model and two-fluid model,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 176, no. June, pp. 409–421, 2018.

Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği Kullanılarak Kentsel Katı Atıkların Pirolizinin Deneysel ve Nümerik İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 519 - 532, 31.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.813007

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, sıcaklığın kentsel katı atık pirolizinin nihai ürün verimi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için deneyler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca döner fırın sayısal olarak modellenmiş, kütle, enerji ve momentum denklemleri türetilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, üç farklı en-boy oranında tasarlanmış bir piroliz reaktörü için sonlu elemanlar modeli oluşturulmuştur. Kocaeli ili çevre durum raporu 2015'ten alınan verilerle giriş sıcaklığı, tane boyutu ve dönüş hızı için farklı değerler kullanılarak toplam 81 adet hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiği analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Maksimum metan gazı veriminin elde edildiği analiz şartlarına göre, kentsel katı atıklarından elde edilebilecek enerji potansiyeli hesaplanmıştır. Metan verimi açısından deneysel verilerin analiz ile örtüştüğü görülmüştür.

References

  • [1]K. Papadikis, S. Gu, and A. V. Bridgwater, “CFD modelling of the fast pyrolysis of biomass in fluidised bed reactors. Part B. Heat, momentum and mass transport in bubbling fluidised beds,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 64, no. 5, pp. 1036–1045, 2009.
  • [2]M. He et al., “Syngas production from pyrolysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) with dolomite as downstream catalysts,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 181–187, 2010.
  • [3]E. Dahlquist, Technologies for converting biomass to useful energy. 2013.
  • [4] M. Agarwal, “An Investigation on the Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste,” RMIT University, 2014.
  • [5] P. Baggio, M. Baratieri, A. Gasparella, and G. a. Longo, “Energy and environmental analysis of an innovative system based on municipal solid waste (MSW) pyrolysis and combined cycle,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 28, no. 2–3, pp. 136–144, Feb. 2008.
  • [6] A. V. BRIDGWATER and G. GRASSI, Biomass pyrolysis liquids upgrading and utilisation. 1991.
  • [7] Polat Fikret, Kılınçel Mert, Toklu Ethem (2017). An experimental study on heating performance of dryer placed in a lab-scale pyrolysis system. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering (IJMPE), 5(2), 158-161., Doi: IJMPE-IRAJ-DOI-7032
  • [8] N. Couto et al., “Numerical and experimental analysis of municipal solid wastes gasification process,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 78, no. March, pp. 185–195, 2015.
  • [9] W. A. Worrell and P. A. Vesilind, Solid Waste Enginering, 2nd ed., Stamford, USA: Cengage Learning, 2011.
  • [10] A. T. Sipra, N. Gao, and H. Sarwar, “Municipal solid waste (MSW) pyrolysis for bio-fuel production: A review of effects of MSW components and catalysts,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 175, no. November 2017, pp. 131–147, 2018.
  • [11] P. J. Reddy, Municipal Solid Waste Management, Hyderabad, India: Taylor & Francis Group, 2001.
  • [12] A. Pariatamby and M. Tanaka, Municipal solid waste management in asia and the pacific ıslands. 2014.
  • [13] Er Sunil Kumar, Waste Management, Vukovar, Croatia: Intech, 2010.
  • [14] C. Acikgoz, O. Onay, and O. M. Kockar, “Fast pyrolysis of linseed: Product yields and compositions,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 417–429, 2004.
  • [15] E. Apaydin-Varol, E. Pütün, and A. E. Pütün, “Slow pyrolysis of pistachio shell,” Fuel, vol. 86, no. 12–13, pp. 1892–1899, 2007.
  • [16] B. V. Babu and a. S. Chaurasia, “Modeling & simulation of pyrolysis: influence of particle size and temperature,” … Int. Conf. Multimed. …, vol. 333031, 2002.
  • [17] P. Basu, Biomass gasification and pyrolysis handbook. 2010.
  • [18] B. Berahman, “A Preliminary Study on Pyrolysis and Gasification of Asphaltenes and Coal-Asphaltenes Slurry in Entrained Flow Reactor,” University of Alberta, 2012.
  • [19] W. K. Buah, A. M. Cunliffe, and P. T. Williams, “Characterization of products from the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste,” Process Saf. Environ. Prot., vol. 85, no. 5 B, pp. 450–457, 2007.
  • [20] J. N. Brown, “Development of a lab-scale auger reactor for biomass fast pyrolysis and process optimization using response surface methodology,” Iowa State University, 2009.
  • [21] D. Fytili and A. Zabaniotou, “Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods-A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 116–140, 2008.
  • [22] K. M. Qureshi, A. N. Kay Lup, S. Khan, F. Abnisa, and W. M. A. Wan Daud, “A technical review on semi-continuous and continuous pyrolysis process of biomass to bio-oil,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 131, no. December 2017, pp. 52–75, 2018.
  • [23] G. C. Young, Municipal solid waste to energy conversion processes economic, technical and renewable comparisons. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010.
  • [24] A. U. Zaman, “Life cycle assessment of pyrolysis–gasification as an emerging municipal solid waste treatment technology,” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1029–1038, Mar. 2013.
  • [25] D. Wu, A. Zhang, L. Xiao, Y. Ba, H. Ren, and L. Liu, “Pyrolysis Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste in Oxygen-free Circumstance,” Energy Procedia, vol. 105, pp. 1255–1262, 2017.
  • [26] C. Zhou, “Gasification and pyrolysis characterization and heat transfer phenomena during thermal conversion of municipal solid waste,” KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 2014.
  • [27] I. Velghe, R. Carleer, J. Yperman, and S. Schreurs, “Study of the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste for the production of valuable products,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 366–375, 2011.
  • [28] Mert Kilincel, Ethem Toklu and Fikret Polat, ''Influence of A Novel Catalysis on The Pyrolysis Yields Obtained by Two Different Reactors'' Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences vol. 6, no.2, 2020
  • [29] S. W. Banks, D. J. Nowakowski, and a. V. Bridgwater, “Fast pyrolysis processing of surfactant washed Miscanthus,” Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 128, pp. 94–103, Dec. 2014.
  • [30] M. Content, P. Size, and F. Capacity, “Chapter 4 Physical , Chemical and Biological Properties of MSW Physical Propeties of MSW,” pp. 1–19, 2012.
  • [31] D. G. Kröger, Air-cooled Heat exchangers and Cooling Towers: Thermal-Flow Performance Evaluation and Design:V1, vol. 1. 2004.
  • [32] P. Gaurh and H. Pramanik, “A novel approach of solid waste management via aromatization using multiphase catalytic pyrolysis of waste polyethylene,” Waste Manag., vol. 71, pp. 86–96, 2018.
  • [33] C. Di Blasi, “Modeling chemical and physical processes of wood and biomass pyrolysis,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 47–90, 2008.
  • [34] M. Heydenrych, Modelling of rotary kilns. University of Twente, The Netherlands 2001.
  • [35] A. Phounglamcheik, “Modeling of a Rotary Drum Pyrolyzer,” KTH Royal Institute of Technology Abstract, 2015.
  • [36] M. D. Heydenrych, P. Greeff, A. B. M. Heesink, and G. F. Versteeg, “Mass transfer in rolling rotary kilns: A novel approach,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 57, no. 18, pp. 3851–3859, 2002.
  • [37] K. Ç. ve Ş. İ. Müdürlüğü, “Kocaeli ili 2015 yılı çevre durum raporu,” Kocaeli, 2016.
  • [38] Fluent, “Introduction to modeling multiphase flows,” pp. 1–12, 2001.
  • [39] P. Pepiot, C. Dibble, and T. Foust, “Computational fluid dynamics modeling of biomass gasification and pyrolysis,” in In Computational Modeling in Lignocellulosic Biofuel Production, 2010, pp. 273–298.
  • [40] A. T. ÇALIK, “CFD modeling of emissions formation and reduction in heavy duty diesel engines,” ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, 2007.
  • [41] M. Colombo and M. Fairweather, “Influence of multiphase turbulence modelling on interfacial momentum transfer in two-fluid Eulerian-Eulerian CFD models of bubbly flows,” Chem. Eng. Sci., vol. 195, pp. 968–984, 2018.
  • [42] G. Zhang and K. Jiao, “Three-dimensional multi-phase simulation of PEMFC at high current density utilizing Eulerian-Eulerian model and two-fluid model,” Energy Convers. Manag., vol. 176, no. June, pp. 409–421, 2018.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Fikret Polat 0000-0003-3767-3156

Mert Kılınçel 0000-0001-7057-4390

Ethem Toklu

Publication Date May 31, 2021
Submission Date October 23, 2020
Acceptance Date December 29, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE F. Polat, M. Kılınçel, and E. Toklu, “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste with Using Computational Fluid Dynamics”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 519–532, 2021, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.813007.
Creative Commons License El-Cezeri is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
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