Teknolojik İşsizlik ve YZ Devrimi: Makroekonomik Sonuçlar Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 14, 15 - 26, 13.08.2024

Abdulhalik Pınar

Öz

Yapay Zeka'nın (YZ) hızla genişlemesi, genellikle insan zekasını gerektiren görevleri yerine getirebilen bilgisayar sistemleri oluşturmayı amaçladığı için, istihdam üzerindeki etkileri hakkında kritik bir tartışmayı gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, teknolojinin hızlı gelişimi nedeniyle çalışanların becerilerinin güncelliğini yitireceği ve böylece büyük ölçekli teknolojik işsizliğe yol açabilecek riskleri incelemektedir. Aynı zamanda, YZ'nin ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etme ve istihdam yaratma potansiyelini de göz ardı etmemektedir.
Çalışma, YZ ve teknolojik işsizlik arasındaki karmaşıklıklara derinlemesine bir bakış sunarak, bazı sektörlerin YZ ile tetiklenen işsizliğe daha yatkın olabileceğini, ancak toplam istihdam etkisinin ne homojen ne de öngörülebilir olduğunu belirtmektedir. Ayrıca, kontrolsüz YZ'nin gelir eşitsizliğini artırabileceğini ve sosyal hareketliliği engelleyebileceğini vurgulamaktadır.
Ancak bu araştırma, YZ devriminin daha umut verici bir yüzünü de ortaya koymaktadır. Yapay Zeka, yeni işler ve endüstriler yaratma, mevcut rolleri dönüştürme ve dolayısıyla üretkenliği ve iş tatminini artırma potansiyeline sahiptir. Çalışmada ele alınan örnekler, önemli iş kayıpları olmaksızın YZ'nin başarılı bir şekilde entegre edilebileceğini göstermektedir.
Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, YZ kaynaklı işsizliğe karşı eğitim ve yeniden eğitim, evrensel temel gelir ve YZ'nin geliştirilmesi ve kullanılması için düzenlemeler gibi çözüm önerileri sunmaktadır. YZ'nin iş yaratma potansiyelini maksimize ederken, işten çıkarma risklerini en aza indiren dengeli bir yaklaşımı savunmaktadır.
Çalışma, YZ yönlendirmeli bir dünyada kapsayıcı, adil ve faydalı bir iş geleceği yaratmak için gereken esneklik, öngörü ve kolektif bağlılığın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları ve önerileri, gelişmekte olan YZ devriminde farklı paydaşlar için değerli içgörüler sunabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teknolojik İşsizlik, Yapay Zeka, İstihdam, Sosyal Hareketlilik

Technological Unemployment and the Ai Revolution: An Investigation on Macroeconomic Consequences

Öz

The swift expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI), devoted to creating computer systems capable of performing tasks usually requiring human intelligence, has sparked a crucial debate about its effects on employment. This study examines the risk of AI leading to large-scale technological unemployment, where workers' skills become outdated due to technology. At the same time, it recognizes AI's potential to stimulate economic growth and create jobs.
The study delves into the complexities of AI and technological unemployment, suggesting that while some sectors may be more susceptible to AI-driven job displacement, the total employment impact is neither uniform nor predictable. It also highlights the socioeconomic repercussions of unchecked AI, which could exacerbate income inequality and impede social mobility.
However, this research also reveals an optimistic facet of the AI revolution. AI holds the potential to create new jobs and industries, and to transform existing roles, thereby enhancing productivity and job satisfaction. Case studies within the study show that successful integration of AI without significant job losses is indeed possible.
In conclusion, the study proposes solutions to AI-induced unemployment, such as education and retraining, Universal Basic Income, and regulations for AI development and usage. It advocates for a balanced approach that mitigates the risks of AI-driven job displacement while maximizing AI's job creation potential.
The study underscores the need for resilience, foresight, and collective commitment to shape an inclusive, equitable, and beneficial future of work in an AI-driven world. Its findings and recommendations could provide valuable insights for various stakeholders navigating the unfolding AI revolution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Technological Unemployment, Artificial Intelligence, Employment, Social Mobility

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