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Türkçe Okul Öncesi Hikâye Kitaplarında Ad veya Eylem Yanlılığın İncelemesi

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 136 - 147
https://doi.org/10.47948/efad.1536847

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe öğrenen çocuklar için hazırlanmış okul öncesi hikâye kitaplarında ad ve eylem kullanım sıklığını inceleyerek, bu sözcük türlerinin baskınlığını tespit etmektir. Araştırma kapsamında, bir yayınevine ait dört farklı hikâye kitabı rastgele seçilmiştir. Seçilen bu kitaplar, sözcük türlerinin sıklığını belirlemek amacıyla derlem içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Analiz sürecinde, hikâye kitaplarındaki tüm sözcükler kategorilere ayrılmış ve bu kategorilerdeki sözcüklerin frekansları hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan sıklık analizleri sonucunda, her bir kitapta adların eylemlere kıyasla daha fazla kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu dört kitap bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde de adların kullanımının eylemlerden belirgin şekilde daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonuçlar, çocukların dil edinimi sürecinde adların eylemlere göre daha erken ve sık öğrenildiği yönündeki literatürle uyum göstermektedir. Ayrıca, bu bulgular okul öncesi dönemde kullanılan eğitim materyallerinin tasarımında isimlerin dil gelişimine katkısının daha fazla olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlar, dil gelişimi ve pedagojik materyal tasarımında dikkate alınması gereken önemli veriler sunmaktadır ve çocukların dil öğrenme sürecinde sözcük türlerinin rolü hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.

References

  • Altınkamış, F., Kern, S. &Sofu, H. (2014). When context matters more than language: Verb or noun in French and Turkish caregiver speech. First Language, 34 (6), 537-550.
  • Bassano, D. (2000). Early development of nouns and verbs in French: exploring the interface between lexicon and grammar. Journal of Child Language, 27, 521- 559.
  • Bates, E., Marchman, V., Thal, D., Fenson, L., Dale, P., Reznick, J. S., Reilly, J., & Hartung, J. (1994). Developmental and Stylistic Variation in the Composition of Early Vocabulary. Journal of Child Language, 21, 85-124.
  • Bornstein, M. H., Cote, L. R., Maital, S., Painter, K., Park, S. Y., Pascual, L., Pecheux, M. G., Ruel, J., Venuti, P., & Vyt, A. (2004). Crosslinguistic analysis of vocabulary in young children: Spanish, Dutch, French, Hebrew, Italian, Korean, and American English. Child Development, 75 (4), 1115-1139.
  • Caselli, M.C., Bates, E., Casadio, P., Fenson, L., Yasderl, L., & Weir, J. (1995). A cross- linguistic study of early lexical development. Cognitive Development, 10 (2), 159-200.
  • Choi, S. (2000). Caregiver Input in English and Korean: use of nouns and verbs in book- reading and toy-play contexts. Journal of Child Language, 27, 69-96.
  • Choi, S., & Gopnik, A. (1995). Early Acquisition of Verbs in Korean: A Crosslinguistic Study. Journal of Child Language, 22, 497-529.
  • Dhillon, R. (2010). Examining the ‘Noun Bias’: A Structural Approach. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 16 (1), Article 7.
  • Ferguson, C. A., & Farwell, C. B. (1975). Words and Sounds in Early Language Acquisition. Language, 51(2), 419–439. https://doi.org/10.2307/412864
  • Gentner, D. (1981). Some interesting differences between verbs and nouns. Cognition and Brain Theory, 4, 161-178.
  • Gentner, D. (1982). Why nouns are learned before verbs: Linguistic relativity versus natural partitioning. In S.A. Kuczaj (Ed.), Language Development,Vol. 2. Language, thought, and culture (pp. 301-334). Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum.
  • Gökmen, S. (2005). 2;5-4;0 Yaş Aralığındaki Çocukların Kavram Alanları Açısından Sözcüksel Edinim Düzeyleri. İ. Ergenç, S. İşsever, S. Gökmen, Ö. Aydın (Ed.). Dilbilim İncelemeleri (ss. 154-171). Ankara, Doğan Yayıncılık.
  • Gökmen, S. (2007) 4;0-6;0 Yaş (48-72 Aylar) Arasındaki Çocukların Ad-Eylem Kullanımları. Dil Dergisi, 137, 18-29.
  • Gopnik, A. & Choi, S. (1990). Do linguistic differences lead to cognitive differences? A cross-linguistic study of semantic and cognitive development. First Language, 10, 199-215.
  • Kauschke, C. & Hofmeister, C. (2002). Early lexical development in German: a study in vocabulary growth and vocabulary composition during the second and third year of life. Journal of Child Language, 29, 735-757.
  • Ketrez, N. & Aksu Koç, A. (2003). Acquisition of noun and verb categories in Turkish. In A.S.Özsoy, D. Akar, M. Nakıpoğlu Demiralp, E. Erguvanlı Taylan & A. Aksu Koç (Eds.). Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference in Turkish Linguistics, İstanbul, Boğaziçi University Press.
  • Kim, M., McGregor, K. & Thompson, C. (2000). Early Lexical Development in English and Korean speaking children: language-general and language-specific patterns. Journal of Child Language, 27, 225-254.
  • Küntay, A. & Slobin, D. I. (1996). Listening to a Turkish mother: Some puzzles for acquisition. In D.I. Slobin, J. Gerhardt, A. Kyratzis, & J. Guo (Eds.) Social interaction, social context, and language (pp. 265-286). Mahwah, New Jersey Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nelson, K. (1973). Structure and strategy in learning to talk. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38-149.
  • Sever, S. (2003). Çocuk ve Edebiyat. Ankara, Kök Yayıncılık.
  • Tardif, T. (1996). Nouns are not always learned before verbs: evidence from Mandarin speakers’ early vocabulary. Developmental Psychology, 32, 492-504.
  • Tardif, T., Gelman, S.A., & Xu, F. (1999) Putting the “noun bias” in context: a comparison of English and Mandarin. Child Development, 70 (3), 620-635.
  • Türkay, F. (2005). Children’s Early Lexicon in terms of Noun/ Verb Dominance. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Çukurova University. Adana.

An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 136 - 147
https://doi.org/10.47948/efad.1536847

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of nouns and verbs in preschool storybooks designed for children acquiring Turkish, to determine the dominance of word types. For this research, four different storybooks from a publishing house were randomly selected. These selected books were analyzed in detail using corpus content analysis detect the frequency of word types. During the analysis process, all words in the storybooks were categorized, and the frequencies of these categories were calculated. The frequency analyses revealed that nouns were used more frequently than verbs in each of the four books. When these four books are evaluated collectively, it becomes evident that the usage of nouns is significantly higher than that of verbs. The results are consistent with the literature suggesting that nouns are acquired earlier and more frequently than verbs in the language acquisition process of children. Furthermore, it is indicated that nouns play a more significant role in language development, as reflected in the design of educational materials used in the preschool period. These results provide important data to consider in the fields of language development and pedagogical material design, offering valuable insights into the role of word types in children's language learning processes.

References

  • Altınkamış, F., Kern, S. &Sofu, H. (2014). When context matters more than language: Verb or noun in French and Turkish caregiver speech. First Language, 34 (6), 537-550.
  • Bassano, D. (2000). Early development of nouns and verbs in French: exploring the interface between lexicon and grammar. Journal of Child Language, 27, 521- 559.
  • Bates, E., Marchman, V., Thal, D., Fenson, L., Dale, P., Reznick, J. S., Reilly, J., & Hartung, J. (1994). Developmental and Stylistic Variation in the Composition of Early Vocabulary. Journal of Child Language, 21, 85-124.
  • Bornstein, M. H., Cote, L. R., Maital, S., Painter, K., Park, S. Y., Pascual, L., Pecheux, M. G., Ruel, J., Venuti, P., & Vyt, A. (2004). Crosslinguistic analysis of vocabulary in young children: Spanish, Dutch, French, Hebrew, Italian, Korean, and American English. Child Development, 75 (4), 1115-1139.
  • Caselli, M.C., Bates, E., Casadio, P., Fenson, L., Yasderl, L., & Weir, J. (1995). A cross- linguistic study of early lexical development. Cognitive Development, 10 (2), 159-200.
  • Choi, S. (2000). Caregiver Input in English and Korean: use of nouns and verbs in book- reading and toy-play contexts. Journal of Child Language, 27, 69-96.
  • Choi, S., & Gopnik, A. (1995). Early Acquisition of Verbs in Korean: A Crosslinguistic Study. Journal of Child Language, 22, 497-529.
  • Dhillon, R. (2010). Examining the ‘Noun Bias’: A Structural Approach. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 16 (1), Article 7.
  • Ferguson, C. A., & Farwell, C. B. (1975). Words and Sounds in Early Language Acquisition. Language, 51(2), 419–439. https://doi.org/10.2307/412864
  • Gentner, D. (1981). Some interesting differences between verbs and nouns. Cognition and Brain Theory, 4, 161-178.
  • Gentner, D. (1982). Why nouns are learned before verbs: Linguistic relativity versus natural partitioning. In S.A. Kuczaj (Ed.), Language Development,Vol. 2. Language, thought, and culture (pp. 301-334). Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum.
  • Gökmen, S. (2005). 2;5-4;0 Yaş Aralığındaki Çocukların Kavram Alanları Açısından Sözcüksel Edinim Düzeyleri. İ. Ergenç, S. İşsever, S. Gökmen, Ö. Aydın (Ed.). Dilbilim İncelemeleri (ss. 154-171). Ankara, Doğan Yayıncılık.
  • Gökmen, S. (2007) 4;0-6;0 Yaş (48-72 Aylar) Arasındaki Çocukların Ad-Eylem Kullanımları. Dil Dergisi, 137, 18-29.
  • Gopnik, A. & Choi, S. (1990). Do linguistic differences lead to cognitive differences? A cross-linguistic study of semantic and cognitive development. First Language, 10, 199-215.
  • Kauschke, C. & Hofmeister, C. (2002). Early lexical development in German: a study in vocabulary growth and vocabulary composition during the second and third year of life. Journal of Child Language, 29, 735-757.
  • Ketrez, N. & Aksu Koç, A. (2003). Acquisition of noun and verb categories in Turkish. In A.S.Özsoy, D. Akar, M. Nakıpoğlu Demiralp, E. Erguvanlı Taylan & A. Aksu Koç (Eds.). Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference in Turkish Linguistics, İstanbul, Boğaziçi University Press.
  • Kim, M., McGregor, K. & Thompson, C. (2000). Early Lexical Development in English and Korean speaking children: language-general and language-specific patterns. Journal of Child Language, 27, 225-254.
  • Küntay, A. & Slobin, D. I. (1996). Listening to a Turkish mother: Some puzzles for acquisition. In D.I. Slobin, J. Gerhardt, A. Kyratzis, & J. Guo (Eds.) Social interaction, social context, and language (pp. 265-286). Mahwah, New Jersey Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Nelson, K. (1973). Structure and strategy in learning to talk. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 38-149.
  • Sever, S. (2003). Çocuk ve Edebiyat. Ankara, Kök Yayıncılık.
  • Tardif, T. (1996). Nouns are not always learned before verbs: evidence from Mandarin speakers’ early vocabulary. Developmental Psychology, 32, 492-504.
  • Tardif, T., Gelman, S.A., & Xu, F. (1999) Putting the “noun bias” in context: a comparison of English and Mandarin. Child Development, 70 (3), 620-635.
  • Türkay, F. (2005). Children’s Early Lexicon in terms of Noun/ Verb Dominance. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Çukurova University. Adana.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Child Language Acquisition
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melike Gözütok 0000-0002-9694-7869

Early Pub Date December 24, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date August 21, 2024
Acceptance Date October 22, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gözütok, M. (2024). An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 136-147. https://doi.org/10.47948/efad.1536847
AMA Gözütok M. An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books. KMU EFAD. December 2024;7(2):136-147. doi:10.47948/efad.1536847
Chicago Gözütok, Melike. “An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 7, no. 2 (December 2024): 136-47. https://doi.org/10.47948/efad.1536847.
EndNote Gözütok M (December 1, 2024) An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 7 2 136–147.
IEEE M. Gözütok, “An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books”, KMU EFAD, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 136–147, 2024, doi: 10.47948/efad.1536847.
ISNAD Gözütok, Melike. “An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 7/2 (December 2024), 136-147. https://doi.org/10.47948/efad.1536847.
JAMA Gözütok M. An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books. KMU EFAD. 2024;7:136–147.
MLA Gözütok, Melike. “An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 2, 2024, pp. 136-47, doi:10.47948/efad.1536847.
Vancouver Gözütok M. An Examination of Noun And Verb Bias In Turkish Preschool Story Books. KMU EFAD. 2024;7(2):136-47.

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