The Effect of Daily Living Activities on Memory Performances of Old People

Year 2006, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 27 - 41, 01.08.2006

Mustafa Özekes

Abstract

-

Keywords

-

YAŞLILARIN GÜNLÜK YAŞAM AKTİVİTE DÜZEYLERİNİN BELLEK PERFORMANSLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Abstract

Bu çalışma yaşlıların yaşadıkları mekanlar ev ya da huzurevi ile bazı bellek görevlerinde hatırlama tanıma problem çözme örüntüyü yeniden oluşturma metin hatırlama mekansal konum yargısı gösterdikleri performans arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını saptamak ve yaşlılarda günlük yaşam aktivitelerine katılım düzeyleri ile bellek performansları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır Bu amaçla evde yaşayan N=103 ve Huzurevinde yaşayan N=101 denekler kullanılmıştır Tüm deneklere yedi bellek görevi ve Günlük Yaşam aktivite Ölçeği uygulanmıştır Evde yaşayan yaşlıların huzurevinde yaşayanlara nazaran daha aktif olduklarının bulunduğu bu çalışmada evde yaşayan yaşlıların hatırlama örüntüyü yeniden oluşturma metin hatırlama bellek görevlerinde huzurevlerinde yaşayanlardan daha başarılı oldukları bulunmuştur Günlük yaşama daha fazla katılan aktif yaşlıların; daha az katılan pasif yaşlılardan mekânsal konum yargısı dışında tüm bellek görevlerinde daha başarılı oldukları bulunmuştur Araştırma bulguları yaşlılarda aktivite düzeyi ile bellek performansları arasında ilişki olduğu şeklinde yorumlanmıştır

Keywords

Yaşlılık, bellek, günlük yaşam, aktivite

References

• Ataç, N. (1974). Aisopos masalları. İstanbul: Hürriyet Yayınları.
• Attig, M., Hasher, L. (1980). The processing of frequency of occurence information by adults. Journal of Gerontology, 35, 66-69.
• Arbuckle, T. Y., Gold, D., Andreas, D. (1986). Cognitive functioning of older people in relation to social and personality variables. Journal of Psychology and aging, 1, 55-62.
• Birren , J. E., Renner, V. J. (1977). Research on the psychology of aging: principles and experimentation. Bkz. J. E. Birren ve K. W. Schaie (eds), Handbook of the Psychology of Aging . Newyork: Van Nostrand Reinhold. (s 3-38).
• Botwinick, J., Siegler, I. C. (1980). İntellectual ability among the elderly: Simultaneous cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons. Developmental Psychology, 16, 49-53.
• Charness, N. (1981). Aging and skilled problem solving. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 110, 21-38
• Cicirelli, V. G. (1976). categorization Behavior in aging subjects. Journal of Gerontology, 31, 676-680.
• Cohen, G. (1979). Language comprehention in old age. Cognitive Psychology, 11, 412- 429. Cornelius, S. W., Caspi, A. (1987). Everday problem solving in adulthood and old age. Psychology and Aging, 2, 144-153.
• Craik, F.I.M., Byrd, M., Swanson, J. M. (1987). Patterns of memory loss in three elderly samples. Psychology and Aging, 2, 79-86.
• Craik, F. I., Rabinowitz, J. C. (1985). The effects of presentation rate and encoding task on age related deficits. Journal of Gerontology, 40, 309-315.
• Denney, N. W., Denney, D. R. (1982). The relationship between classification and questioning strategies among adults. Journal of Gerontology, 37, 190-196
• Devolder, P. A. (1993). Adult age differences in monitoring of practical problem solving performance. Experimental Aging research, 19, 129-146.
• Dixon, R. A., Simon, E. W., Nowak, C. A., Hultsch, D. F. (1982). Text recall in adulthood as a function of level of information, input modality, and delay interval. Journal of Gerontology, 37, 358-364.
• Freund, J. S., Wittle, K. L. (1986). Recognition and frequency judgments in young and elderly adults. American Journal of Psychology, 99, 81-102.
• Hasher , L.,Zacks, R. T. (1979). Automatic and effortful processes in memory. Journal of Experimental psychology: general, 108, 356-388.
• Hayslip, JR. B., Panek, P. E. (1989). Adult Development And Aging. Newyork Harper and Row Publishers Inc.
• Hultsch, D. F., Hammer, M., Small, B. J. (1993). Age differences in cognitive performance in later life: Relatioships to self reported health and activity life style. Journal of Gerontology: psychological sciences, 48, p1-p11.
• Kogan, N.(1974). Categorization and conceptualization styles in younger and older adults. Human Development, 17, 218-230.
• Labouvie-vief, G., Schell, D. A. (1982). Learnin and Memory in later life. Bkz. B. Wolman (Ed.) Handbook of Developmental Psychology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc. ( s 828- 846)
• Lorsbach, T. C., Simpson, G. B. (1984). Age differences in the rate of processing in short term memory. Journal of Gerontology, 39, 315-321
• Match, M. L., Buschke, H. (1983). Age differences in cognitive effort in recall. Journal of Gerontology, 38, 695-700.
• Mc Cormack, P. D. (1982). Coding of spatial information by young and elderly adults. Journal of
• Gerontology, 37, 80-86.
• Mitchell, D. B., Perlmutter, M. (1986). Semantic activation and episodic memory: Age similarities and Differences. Developmental Psychology, 22, 86-94.
• Özekes, M., Gilleard, C. (1989). Remembering faces and drawings: A test of Hasher and Zacks model of automatic processing in a Turkish sample. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences,. 44, 122-123
• Park, D. C., Puglisi, J. T., Lutz, R. (1982). Spatial memory in older adults: Effects of intentionality. Journal of Gerontology, 37, 330-335
• Parkinson, S. R., Limdholm, J. M., Inman, V. W. (1982). An analysis of age differences in immediate recall. Journal og Gerontology, 37, 425-431.
• Perlmutter, M., Metzger, R., Nezworski, T., Miller, K. ( 1981). Spatial and temporal memory in 20 and 60 years olds. Journal of gerontology, 36, 59-65.
• Parmelee, P. A., Lawton, M. P. (1990). The design of special environment fort he aged. Bkz. J. E. Birren ve K. W. Schaie, ( eds.) Handbook of Psychology of Aging. (3rd. Ed.) . California: Academic Pres
• Pezdek, K. (1983). Memory for items and their spatial locations by young and elderly adults. Developmental Psychology, 19, 895-900.
• Rice, G. E. (1986 a). The everday activities of adults: Implication for prose recall- Part 1. Educational Gerontology, 12, 173-186
• Rice, G. E. (1986 b). The everday activities of adults: Implication for prose recall- Part 2.
• Educational Gerontology, 12, 187-198.
• Schaie, K. W. (1984). Midlife influences upon intellectual functioning in older age.International Journal of Behavior Development, 7, 463-478.
• Schooler, C. (1984). Psychological effects of complex environment during the life span: A review and theory. Intelligence, 8, 259-281.
• Sharps, L. P., Nilsson, L. G. (1980). Encoding and retrieval operations in relation to age. Developmental Psychology, 16, 636-643 .
• Thompson, D. N., Çengelci, B., Özekes, M. (1999) . The effect of age, visual short-term memory, and performance on a familiar task: A Turkish sample. Experimental Aging Research, 25 (2), 169-174.
• Wiggs, C. L. (1993). Aging and memory for frequency of occurence of novel, visual stimuli: Direct and indirect measures. Psychology and Aging, 8, 400-410.New York: