Determination Of Stigmatization Experienced By Individuals With COVID-19 And Their Levels Of Perceived Social Support

Year 2023, Volume: 39 Issue: 3, 343 - 354, 29.12.2023

Sevil Masat Harbali , Zeliha Koç

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1095696

Abstract

Aim: The present study was planned to determine the stigmatization experienced by individuals with COVID-19 and their perceived social support levels. Methods: The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consists of 389 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. In the study, the data were collected by using a questionnaire form and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The questionnaire form consists of 16 questions about the sociodemographic characteristic of individuals and 19 statements to determine stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors they were exposed to in their social environment due to COVID-19 diagnosis. Results: In this study, MSPSS total score of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 was found as 69.9±14.4; while their Perceived Social Support from Family subscale, Perceived Social Support from Friend subscale and Perceived Social Support from Significant other subscale mean scores were found as 24.8 ± 4.5, 23.4 ± 5.7 and 21.6 ± 7.7, respectively. It was found that perceived social support levels of individuals differed in terms of some sociodemographic characteristics. Conclusion: In the present study, it was found that individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 were exposed to stigmatizing behaviors and attitudes; however, their levels of perceived social support were high and they were mostly supported by their families and friends. Due to the limited number of studies on the subject, it is recommended to conduct studies using qualitative and quantitative research design together in order to find out the stigma experienced by individuals with COVID-19 and the level of support they have.

Keywords

COVID-19, stigma, social suport, virus

COVID-19 Geçiren Bireylerin Yaşadıkları Stigma ile Algıladıkları Sosyal Destek Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma COVID-19 geçiren bireylerin yaşadıkları damgalama ile algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak planlanan bu çalışmanın örneklemini COVID-19 tanısı alan 389 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veriler anket formu ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Anket formu bireylerin sosyodemografik özelliklerine ilişkin 16 soru ile COVID-19 tanısı nedeniyle sosyal çevrelerinde maruz kaldıkları damgalayıcı tutum ve davranışları belirlemeye yönelik 19 ifadeden oluşmaktadır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısı alan bireylerin ÇBASDÖ toplam puanı 69.9±14.4; Aileden Alınan Destek, Arkadaştan Alınan Destek ve Özel Kişiden Alınan Destek alt boyut puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 24.8 ± 4.5, 23.4 ± 5.7 ve 21.6 ± 7.7 olarak saptandı. Bireylerin algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeyinin bazı sosyodemografik özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlendi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısı alan bireylerin damgalayıcı davranış ve tutuma maruz kaldıkları, buna karşın algıladıkları sosyal destek düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, en çok aile ve arkadaşlarından destek aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu konuda yapılan araştırma sayısının sınırlı olması nedeniyle COVID-19 geçiren bireylerin yaşadıkları damgalama ve sahip oldukları destek düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik olarak nicel ve nitel araştırma tasarımının birlikte kullanıldığı araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

COVID-19, stigma, sosyal destek, virüs

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