Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin ve Ebelerin Kap Beslemeye İlişkin Bilgi ve Uygulamaları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 2, 299 - 306, 22.08.2025

Pınar Doğan , Seda Küçükoğlu , Deniz Gönülal , Gizem Demirci , Türkan Bozte Tonbul , Defne Engür , Hatice Bal Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1323646

Öz

Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin ve Ebelerin Kap Beslemeye İlişkin Bilgi ve Uygulamaları

ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin ve ebelerin kap beslemeye ilişkin bilgi düzeyi ve uygulamalarının incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Aralık 2022- Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çalışan, dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden hemşireler ve ebeler oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri araştırmacılar tarafından ilgili literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan “Tanıtıcı Özellikler ve Yenidoğanlarda Kap Beslenmeye İlişkin Bilgi Formu” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Anket formunun kap beslenmeye ilişkin bilgi formuna verilen yanıtlar hazırlanan cevap anahtarı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 114 ebe ve hemşire katılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 31,22±6,66’dir (minimum:22; maksimum:49). Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin ve ebelerin ortalama bilgi puanı 20 üzerinden 16.42±2.73’dür (minimum: 3; maksimum:20). Katılımcıların bilgi puanları ile kap beslemeyi tercih etme durumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmada yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin ve ebelerin kap beslemeye ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda hemşire/ebelerin bebekleri kap ile beslerken daha etkili ve doğru uygulamasına katkı sağlamak amacıyla kontrol listesi oluşturulmuştur. Klinikte yenidoğan beslenmesine yönelik eğitimlerin sürekliliğinin sağlanması önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesi, kap besleme, yenidoğan, bilgi.

Destekleyen Kurumlar: Yok.

Kaynakça:
Al-Sahab B, Feldman M, Macpherson A, Ohlsson A, Tamim H. (2010). Which method of breastfeeding supplementation is best? The beliefs and practices of paediatricians and nurses. Paediatrics & Child Health, 15(7), 427-431. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/15.7.427
Bilgen H, Kültürsay N, Türkyılmaz C. (2018). Türk Neonatoloji Derneği sağlıklı term bebeğin beslenmesi rehberi. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, 53(1), 128-37.
Brantes ALG, Curado MADS. (2021). Nurses' Perceptions About the Feedıng of Preterm Newborns. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 30.https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2020-0597
CDC. Cup Feeding Infants During Emergencies 2022 [Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/emergencies-infant-feeding/cup-feeding.html
Collins CT, Gillis J, McPhee AJ, Suganuma H, Makrides M. (2016). Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breast feeds in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (10). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005252.pub4
Çay S, Geylani Güleç S. (2015). Yenidoğan beslenmesinde kullanılan enteral yöntemler ve hemşirelik bakımı. JAREN/Hemşirelik Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 1(1), 39-4. doi: 10.5222/jaren.2015.039
Flint A, New K, Davies MW. (2016). Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (8). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005092.pub3
Ghareeb S. (2015). Cup feeding in the Neonatal ICU: The influence of country, belief, preference, and past behavior. Doctoral Dissertations. 291.
https://doi.org/10.7275/6464845.0
Girgin BA, Gözen D. (2020). Turkish neonatal nurses' knowledge and practices regarding the transition to oral feeding in preterm infants: A descriptive, cross-sectional study. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, e179-e185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.03.017
Gözen D, Girgin BA. (2017). Preterm bebeklerde oral beslenmeyi destekleyici kanıta dayalı girişimler. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 7(4), 171-174. doi: 10.5152/clinexphealthsci.2017.327
Kotowski J, Fowler C, Hourigan C, Orr F. (2020). Bottle‐feeding an infant feeding modality: An integrative literature review. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(2), e12939. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12939
llli.org. Cup Feeding: la leche league international; 2020 [Available from: https://llli.org/cup-feeding/.
Maastrup R, Rom AL, Walloee S, Sandfeld HB, Kronborg H. (2021). Improved exclusive breastfeeding rates in preterm infants after a neonatal nurse training program focusing on six breastfeeding-supportive clinical practices. PloS one, 16(2), e0245273. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245273
McKinney CM, Glass RP, Coffey P, Rue T, Vaughn, MG, Cunningham M. (2016). Feeding neonates by cup: A systematic review of the literature. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 20, 1620-1633. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-1961-9
Mohandas S, Rana R, Sirwani B, Kirubakaran R, Puthussery S. (2023). Effectiveness of Interventions to Manage Difficulties with Breastfeeding for Mothers of Infants under Six Months with Growth Faltering: A Systematic Review Update. Nutrients, 15(4), 988. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040988
Muelbert M, Lin L, Bloomfield FH, Harding JE. (2019). Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013038.pub2
Olaogun AA, Olatubi MI, Oluwatosin AO, Faremi AF, Oginni MO, Adeyemo F. (2015). Cup feeding practices among care givers in a neonatal intensive care unit. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 8(3), 603.
Penny F, Judge M, Brownell E, McGrath JM. (2018). Cup feeding as a supplemental, alternative feeding method for preterm breastfed infants: an integrative review. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 22, 1568-1579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-2632-9
Prullage GS, Kenner C, Uwingabire F, Ndayambaje A, Boykova M, Walker K. (2022). Survey of neonatal nursing: Staffing, education, and equipment availability in Rwanda. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 28(3), 192-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2021.10.007
Rahmani S, Armanian AM, Namnabati M. (2018). Effects of feeding nozzle and cup feeding on reaching the time of full oral feeding in the premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN, 9(1), 65-70. doi: 10.22038/ijn.2018.26771.1357
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Çocuk ve Ergen Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı. (2017). https://kirklareliism.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/115479/0/temel-yenidogan-bakimi-kitabipdf.pdf
Yarar E, Küçük S. (2020). Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği: Yenidoğan Bakımına İlişkin Rol ve Bakım Kriterleri Farkındalığı. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (1), 148-153. https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2020.253
Yilmaz G, Caylan N, Karacan CD, Bodur İ, Gokcay G. (2014). Effect of cup feeding and bottle feeding on breastfeeding in late preterm infants: a randomized controlled study. Journal of Human Lactation, 30(2), 174-179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334413517940

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesi , kap besleme , yenidoğan , bilgi

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok.

Proje Numarası

Yok.

Teşekkür

Çalışmaya katılarak destekleyen tüm hemşirelere ve ebelere teşekkür ederiz.

Knowledge and Practices of Nurses and Midwives Working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Regarding Cup Feeding

Öz

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the knowledge and practices of nurses and midwives working in the neonatal intensive care unit on cup feeding.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample of the study consisted of nurses and midwives who worked in the neonatal intensive care units of a training hospital between December 2022 and March 2023, met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. The data of the study were collected by using the "Information Form on Descriptive Characteristics and Cup Feeding in Newborns" prepared by the researchers in line with the relevant literature. The answers given to the information form of the questionnaire on cup feeding were evaluated using the prepared answer key.
Results: This study114 nurses and midwives participated. The mean age of the participating in the study was 31.22±6.66 (minimum:22; maximum:49). The mean knowledge score of the nurses and midwives participating in the study was 16.42±2.73 out of 20 (minimum: 3; maximum: 20). A statistically significant difference was found between the knowledge scores of the participants and their preference for cup feeding (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study, it was concluded that nurses and midwives working in the neonatal intensive care unit had a high level of knowledge about cup feeding. In the study, it was concluded that the nurses and midwives working in the neonatal intensive care unit had a high level of knowledge about cup feeding. As a result of the research, a checklist was created in order to contribute to the more effective and correct application of nurses/midwives while cup feeding babies. It is recommended to ensure the continuity of training on newborn nutrition in the clinic.
Keywords: NICU; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , cup feeding, newborn, knowledge.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , cup feeding , newborn , knowledge

Proje Numarası

Yok.

Kaynakça

• Al-Sahab, B., Feldman, M., Macpherson, A., Ohlsson, A., & Tamim, H. (2010). Which method of breastfeeding supplementation is best? The beliefs and practices of paediatricians and nurses. Paediatrics & Child Health, 15(7), 427-431.
• Bilgen, H., Kültürsay, N., & Türkyılmaz, C. (2018). Türk Neonatoloji Derneği sağlıklı term bebeğin beslenmesi rehberi. Türk Pediatri Arşivi, 53(1), 128-137.
• Brantes, A. L. G., & Curado, M. A. D. S. (2021). Nurses' perceptions about the feeding of preterm newborns. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem, 30, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2020-0597
• CDC. (2022). Cup Feeding Infants During Emergencies (2022). Erişim adresi: https://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/emergencies-infant-feeding/cup-feeding.html
• Collins, C. T., Gillis, J., McPhee, A. J., Suganuma, H., & Makrides, M. (2016). Avoidance of bottles during the establishment of breast feeds in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (10). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005252.pub4
• Çam, M. O., & Baysan-Arabacı, L. (2010). Tutum ölçeği hazırlamada nitel ve nicel adımlar. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi, 12, 59-7.
• Çay, S., & Güleç, S. G. (2015). Yenidoğan beslenmesinde kullanılan enteral yöntemler ve hemşirelik bakımı. JAREN/Hemşirelik Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 1(1), 39-4. https://doi.org/10.5222/jaren.2015.039
• Flint, A., New, K., & Davies, M. W. (2016). Cup feeding versus other forms of supplemental enteral feeding for newborn infants unable to fully breastfeed. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (8). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005092.pub3
• Ghareeb, S. (2015). Cup feeding in the neonatal ICU: The influence of country, belief, preference, and past behavior. (Doctoral Dissertations). University of Massachusetts Amherst, College of Nursing, United States. https://doi.org/10.7275/6464845.0
• Girgin, B. A., & Gözen, D. (2020). Turkish neonatal nurses' knowledge and practices regarding the transition to oral feeding in preterm infants: A descriptive, cross-sectional study. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, e179-e185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.03.017
• Gözen, D., & Girgin, B. A. (2017). Preterm bebeklerde oral beslenmeyi destekleyici kanıta dayalı girişimler. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 7(4), 171-174. https://doi.org/10.5152/clinexphealthsci.2017.327
• Kotowski, J., Fowler, C., Hourigan, C., & Orr, F. (2020). Bottle‐feeding an infant feeding modality: An integrative literature review. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(2), e12939. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12939
• Maastrup, R., Rom, A. L., Walloee, S., Sandfeld, H. B., & Kronborg, H. (2021). Improved exclusive breastfeeding rates in preterm infants after a neonatal nurse training program focusing on six breastfeeding-supportive clinical practices. PloS One, 16(2), e0245273. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245273
• McKinney, C. M., Glass, R. P., Coffey, P., Rue, T., Vaughn, M. G., & Cunningham, M. (2016). Feeding neonates by cup: A systematic review of the literature. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 20, 1620-1633. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-016-1961-9
• Mohandas, S., Rana, R., Sirwani, B., Kirubakaran, R., & Puthussery, S. (2023). Effectiveness of interventions to manage difficulties with breastfeeding for mothers of infants under six months with growth faltering: a systematic review update. Nutrients, 15(4), 988. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040988
• Muelbert, M., Lin, L., Bloomfield, F. H., & Harding, J. E. (2019). Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013038.pub2
• Olaogun, A. A., Olatubi, M. I., Oluwatosin, A. O., Faremi, A. F., Oginni, M. O., & Adeyemo, F. (2015). Cup feeding practices among care givers in a neonatal intensive care unit. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 8(3), 603.
• Penny, F., Judge, M., Brownell, E., & McGrath, J. M. (2018). Cup feeding as a supplemental, alternative feeding method for preterm breastfed infants: an integrative review. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 22, 1568-1579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-2632-9
• Prullage, G. S., Kenner, C., Uwingabire, F., Ndayambaje, A., Boykova, M., & Walker, K. (2022). Survey of neonatal nursing: Staffing, education, and equipment availability in Rwanda. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 28(3), 192-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2021.10.007
• Rahmani, S., Armanian, A. M., & Namnabati, M. (2018). Effects of feeding nozzle and cup feeding on reaching the time of full oral feeding in the premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN, 9(1), 65-70. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijn.2018.26771.1357
• T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü Çocuk ve Ergen Sağlığı Daire Başkanlığı. (2017). Temel Yenidoğan Bakımı Kitabı. Erişim adresi: https://kirklareliism.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/115479/0/temel-yenidogan-bakimi-kitabipdf.pdf
• Vizzari, G., Morniroli, D., Consales, A., Capelli, V., Crippa, B. L., Colombo, L., ... & Giannì, M. L. (2020). Knowledge and attitude of health staff towards breastfeeding in NICU setting: are we there yet? An Italian survey. European Journal of Pediatrics, 179, 1751-1759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03678-5
• Yarar, E., & Küçük, S. (2020). Yenidoğan yoğun bakım hemşireliği: yenidoğan bakımına ilişkin rol ve bakım kriterleri farkındalığı. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, (1), 148-153. https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2020.253
• Yilmaz, G., Caylan, N., Karacan, C. D., Bodur, İ., & Gokcay, G. (2014). Effect of cup feeding and bottle feeding on breastfeeding in late preterm infants: a randomized controlled study. Journal of Human Lactation, 30(2), 174-179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334413517940