The Application of ChatGPT, an Artificial Intelligence Assisted Language Processing Technology in Health Services

Abstract

The advent of ChatGPT, a product of natural language processing technology, is increasingly being recognized in various areas such as health education, scientific research, and health services. The objective of this study is to examine the opportunities afforded by this application in health services, along with potential limitations and concerns associated with its use. ChatGPT provides professionals in the health sector with various possibilities during scientific publication preparation stages, planning educational processes, and implementing health services applications. It has the potential to enhance personalized medical improvement in health service areas, facilitate public accessibility, and promote health literacy by providing comprehensible health information. It can be used as an effective tool across a wide range from clinical decision support systems to the development of telehealth services, literature reviews to large-scale data analyses. However, the extensive use of ChatGPT in health services may bring about ethical and legal issues. Collaboration between technology developers and health service providers might be required to plan appropriate regulations regarding patient privacy and data security in scientific research processes. In conclusion, in order to obtain more effective results in future and fully exploit the potential of ChatGPT and similar AI technologies, it is necessary to provide these technologies with more data and continually improve them. Additionally, there is a need for research exploring the use of ChatGPT in health services and promoting innovations in this area.

Keywords

• ChatGPT
• Artificial Intelligence
• Health Services
• Natural Language Processing

Yapay Zekâ Destekli Dil İşleme Teknolojisi Olan ChatGPT’nin Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Kullanımı

Abstract

Doğal dil işleme teknolojisinin bir ürünü olan ChatGPT sağlık eğitimi, bilimsel araştırmalar ve sağlık hizmetleri gibi çeşitli alanlarda gündeme gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu uygulamanın sağlık hizmetlerinde sağladığı imkânları ve kullanımıyla ilgili potansiyel sınırlamaları ve endişeleri incelemektir. ChatGPT sağlık alanında görev yapan profesyonellere bilimsel yayın hazırlama aşamalarında, eğitim süreçlerinin planlanmasında ve sağlık hizmetleri uygulamalarında çeşitli imkânlar sunmaktadır. Sağlık hizmeti alanlarında kişiselleştirilmiş tıbbi tedaviyi, halka kolay erişilebilirliği ve anlaşılır sağlık bilgileri sağlayarak sağlık okuryazarlığını geliştirme potansiyeline sahiptir. Klinik karar destek sistemlerinden tele-sağlık hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesine, literatür taramalarından büyük veri analizlerine kadar geniş bir yelpazede etkin bir araç olarak kullanılabilir. Ancak, ChatGPT'nin sağlık hizmetlerindeki geniş çaplı kullanımı bazı etik ve hukuki sorunları beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Bilimsel araştırma süreçlerinde, hasta mahremiyeti ve veri güvenliği konularında, teknoloji geliştiricileri ve sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcıları arasında işbirliği yapılarak uygun düzenlemelerin planlanması gerekebilir. Sonuç olarak, ChatGPT ve benzeri yapay zekâ teknolojilerinden, ilerleyen süreçlerde daha etkin sonuçlar elde etmek ve bu teknolojilerin potansiyelini tam olarak kullanmak için, daha fazla veri ve iyileştirme sağlamak gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, ChatGPT'nin sağlık hizmetlerindeki kullanımını inceleyen ve bu alandaki yenilikleri teşvik eden araştırmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• ChatGPT
• Yapay Zekâ
• Sağlık Hizmetleri
• Doğal Dil İşleme

References

1. Ahn, C. (2023). Exploring ChatGPT for information of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation, 185.
2. Biswas, S. (2023). ChatGPT and the future of medical writing. Radiology, 307(2), e223312.
3. Biswas, S. S. (2023). Role of chat gpt in public health. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1-2.
4. Chen, T. J. (2023). ChatGPT and other artificial intelligence applications speed up scientific writing. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 86(4), 351-353.
5. Deng, J., & Lin, Y. (2022). The Benefits and Challenges of ChatGPT: An Overview. Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems, 2(2), 81-83.
6. Domingos, P. (2015). The master algorithm: How the quest for the ultimate learning machine will remake our world. Basic Books.
7. Eggmann, F., Weiger, R., Zitzmann, N. U., & Blatz, M. B. (2023). Implications of large language models such as ChatGPT for dental medicine. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.
8. Elkassem, A. A., & Smith, A. D. (2023). Potential use cases for ChatGPT in radiology reporting. American Journal of Roentgenology.

9. Fatani, B. (2023). ChatGPT for future medical and dental research. Cureus, 15(4).
10. Gao, C. A., Howard, F. M., Markov, N. S., Dyer, E. C., Ramesh, S., Luo, Y., & Pearson, A. T. (2022). Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to original abstracts using an artificial intelligence output detector, plagiarism detector, and blinded human reviewers. bioRxiv, 2022-12.
11. Gilson, A., Safranek, C., Huang, T., Socrates, V., Chi, L., Taylor, R. A., & Chartash, D. (2022). How Well Does ChatGPT Do When Taking the Medical Licensing Exams? The Implications of Large Language Models for Medical Education and Knowledge Assessment. medRxiv, 2022-12.
12. Gunawan, J. (2023). Exploring the future of nursing: Insights from the ChatGPT model. Belitung Nursing Journal, 9(1), 1-5.
13. Hallsworth, J. E., Udaondo, Z., Pedrós‐Alió, C., Höfer, J., Benison, K. C., Lloyd, K. G., ... & Amils, R. (2023). Scientific novelty beyond the experiment. Microbial Biotechnology.
14. Jeblick, K., Schachtner, B., Dexl, J., Mittermeier, A., Stüber, A. T., Topalis, J., ... & Ingrisch, M. (2022). ChatGPT Makes Medicine Easy to Swallow: An Exploratory Case Study on Simplified Radiology Reports. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.14882.
15. Jordan, M. I., & Mitchell, T. M. (2015). Machine learning: Trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science, 349(6245), 255-260.
16. Jungwirth, D., & Haluza, D. (2023). Artificial intelligence and public health: an exploratory study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), 4541.
17. Khan, R. A., Jawaid, M., Khan, A. R., & Sajjad, M. (2023). ChatGPT-Reshaping medical education and clinical management. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 39(2), 605.
18. Kim, S. G. (2023). Using ChatGPT for language editing in scientific articles. Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 45(1), 13.
19. King, M. R., & ChatGPT. (2023). A conversation on artificial intelligence, chatbots, and plagiarism in higher education. Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering, 16(1), 1-2.
20. Korteling, J. H., van de Boer-Visschedijk, G. C., Blankendaal, R. A., Boonekamp, R. C., & Eikelboom, A. R. (2021). Human-versus artificial intelligence. Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 4, 622364.
21. Kung, T. H., Cheatham, M., Medenilla, A., Sillos, C., De Leon, L., Elepaño, C., ... & Tseng, V. (2023). Performance of ChatGPT on USMLE: Potential for AI-assisted medical education using large language models. PLoS digital health, 2(2), e0000198.
22. Lecler, A., Duron, L., & Soyer, P. (2023). Revolutionizing radiology with GPT-based models: Current applications, future possibilities and limitations of ChatGPT. Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging.
23. Lee, H. (2023). The rise of ChatGPT: Exploring its potential in medical education. Anatomical Sciences Education.
24. Li, J., Dada, A., Kleesiek, J., & Egger, J. (2023). ChatGPT in Healthcare: A Taxonomy and Systematic Review. medRxiv, 2023-03.
25. Liebrenz, M., Schleifer, R., Buadze, A., Bhugra, D., & Smith, A. (2023). Generating scholarly content with ChatGPT: ethical challenges for medical publishing. The Lancet Digital Health, 5(3), e105-e106.
26. Lin, Z. (2023). Why and how to embrace AI such as ChatGPT in your academic life.
27. Lubowitz, J. H. (2023). ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot, is impacting medical literature. Arthroscopy, 39(5), 1121-1122.
28. Macdonald, C., Adeloye, D., Sheikh, A., & Rudan, I. (2023). Can ChatGPT draft a research article? An example of population-level vaccine effectiveness analysis. Journal of global health, 13.
29. McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A proposal for the dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence, august 31, 1955. AI magazine, 27(4), 12-12.
30. Rao, A., Kim, J., Kamineni, M., Pang, M., Lie, W., & Succi, M. D. (2023). Evaluating ChatGPT as an adjunct for radiologic decision-making. medRxiv, 2023-02.
31. Reiss, M. J. (2021). The Use of Al in Education: Practicalities and Ethical Considerations. London Review of Education, 19(1), n1.
32. Sallam, M. (2023, March). ChatGPT utility in healthcare education, research, and practice: systematic review on the promising perspectives and valid concerns. In Healthcare, 11(6), 887.
33. Salvagno, M., Taccone, F. S., & Gerli, A. G. (2023). Can artificial intelligence help for scientific writing?. Critical care, 27(1), 1-5.
34. Sanmarchi, F., Golinelli, D., & Bucci, A. (2023). A step-by-step Researcher's Guide to the use of an AI-based transformer in epidemiology: an exploratory analysis of ChatGPT using the STROBE checklist for observational studies. medRxiv, 2023-02.
35. Sarker, I. H. (2022). Ai-based modeling: Techniques, applications and research issues towards automation, intelligent and smart systems. SN Computer Science, 3(2), 158.
36. Schwendicke, F. A., Samek, W., & Krois, J. (2020). Artificial intelligence in dentistry: chances and challenges. Journal of dental research, 99(7), 769-774.
37. Shen, Y., Heacock, L., Elias, J., Hentel, K. D., Reig, B., Shih, G., & Moy, L. (2023). ChatGPT and other large language models are double-edged swords. Radiology, 307(2), e230163.
38. Srivastava, T. K., & Waghmare, L. (2020). Implications of artificial intelligence (AI) on dynamics of medical education and care: a perspective. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2019-2020.
39. Temsah, O., Khan, S. A., Chaiah, Y., Senjab, A., Alhasan, K., Jamal, A., ... & Senjab, A. M. (2023). Overview of early ChatGPT’s presence in medical literature: insights from a hybrid literature review by ChatGPT and human experts. Cureus, 15(4).
40. Yeo, Y. H., Samaan, J. S., Ng, W. H., Ting, P. S., Trivedi, H., Vipani, A., ... & Kuo, A. (2023). Assessing the performance of ChatGPT in answering questions regarding cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. medRxiv, 2023-02.
41. Zhao, J., Xu, X., Jiang, H., & Ding, Y. (2020). The effectiveness of virtual reality-based technology on anatomy teaching: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. BMC medical education, 20(1), 1-10.
42. Zielinski, C., Winker, M., Aggarwal, R., Ferris, L., Heinemann, M., Lapeña, J. F., ... & Citrome, L. (2023). Chatbots, ChatGPT, and Scholarly Manuscripts-WAME Recommendations on ChatGPT and Chatbots in Relation to Scholarly Publications. Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases, 13(1), 75-79.