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Afet Yönetim Döngüsündeki Ana Terimler

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 7 - 14, 24.12.2021

Abstract

Afetler 21. yüzyılın en büyük sorunlarından biridir. Tüm dünyada afetler mücadele edilmesi gereken bir yapı olarak görüldüğünden çözümü için birçok model/döngü ortaya konulmuştur. Genelde kabul gören ana döngü sırasıyla; risk ve zarar azaltma, hazırlık, müdahale, iyileştirme ve yeniden yapılanmadır. Bu döngü içerisinde kullanılan terimler afet-öncesi, afet-anı ve afet-sonrasında yapılması gerekenleri ifade etmekte, ancak terminolojide hangi terimin neden önceliklendirildiği ya da nerede yer aldığı/alması gerektiği ile ilgili çalışmalar yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada amaç, “risk, risk değerlendirmesi, tehlike, tehdit, maruz kalabilirlik, zarar görebilirlik, önleme, azaltma, hazırlık, risk yönetimi, afet, felaket, müdahale, iyileştirme ve yeniden yapılandırma, kriz yönetimi” terimlerini kökenleri ve tanımlarıyla beraber inceleyerek terimlerin arasındaki etimolojik ve semiyolojik ilişkiyi ve hangi aşamada kullanılması gerektiğini net olarak ortaya koymaktır. İncelenecek terimlerin Türkçe kökenleri Etimoloji Türkçe, Nişanyan Sözlük, İngilizce kökenleri Online Etymology Dictionary ve Merriam-Webster’dan alınmıştır. Terimlerin tanımlamaları için ise AFAD ve UNDRR sözlükleri temel olarak ele alınmış, anlamın uluslararası yazındaki diğer tanımları için de birçok kaynaktan yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, afet döngüsünde yer alan terimlerin kökenleri ile günümüzde kullanılan anlamlarının birebir örtüştüğü, bazı terimlerin tanımları yüzeysel anlam ifade etse de kökenlerine inildiği zaman aslında terimin anlamı daha net ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • AFAD. 2021. Açıklamalı Afet Yönetimi Terimleri Sözlüğü. https://www.afad.gov.tr/aciklamali-afet-yonetimi-terimleri-sozlugu (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • AS/NZS. (2009). Risk management – Principles and guidelines ISO 31000:2009. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand ISO.
  • Etimoloji Türkçe. 2021. Türkçe Etimoloji Sözlüğü. https://www.etimolojiturkce.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • Etkin, D. 2015. Disaster Theory: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Concepts and Causes. Bos-ton: Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • FEMA, 2008. US Department of Homeland Security National Response Framework. Chapter. 2: Response Actions, 42. Available at http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-core.pdf
  • IDNDR (International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction). 1994. Yokohama strategy and plan of action for a safer world.
  • https://www.preventionweb.net/files/8241_doc6841contenido1.pdf. Accessed 22 Jul 2020.
  • Liddell, H.G, Scott, R. 1996. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Merriam-Webster. 2021. Dictionary by Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • Nişanyan Sözlük. 2021. Çağdaş Türkçe’nin Etimolojisi. https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • Online Etymology Dictionary. 2021. Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • Quarantelli, E.L. 1996. “Just as Disaster is not Simply a Big Accident, So a Catastrophe is not Just a Bigger Disaster.” Journal of the American Society of Professional Emergency Planners 3:68-71.
  • Quarantelli, E.L. 2000. “Emergencies, Disasters, and Catastrophes are Different Phenomena.” in Preliminary Paper #304. Newark, DE: Disaster Research Center.
  • Rovins, J.E.; Wilson, T.M.; Hayes, J.; Jensen, S. J.; Dohaney, J., Mitchell, J.; Johnston, D.M.; Davies, A. 2015. Risk Assessment Handbook. GNS Science Miscellaneous Series, 84. 71p. UN. General Assembly, 1987. International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly. Volume 1, 15 September-21 December 1987. - A/42/49.
  • UNDRR. 2021. Terminology. https://www.undrr.org/terminology (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2005. Hyogo fra-mework for action 2005–2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disas-ters. https://www.unisdr.org/files/1037_hyogoframeworkforactionenglish.pdf. Accessed 22 Jul 2020.
  • UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2015. Sendai fra-mework for disaster risk reduction 2015–2030. Geneva: UNISDR.
  • World Bank. (2014). Understanding Risk In An Evolving World: Emerging Best Practices in Natural Disaster Risk Assessment. Global Facility For Disaster Reduction And Recovery. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Main Terms in The Disaster Management Cycle

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 7 - 14, 24.12.2021

Abstract

Disasters are one of the biggest problems of the 21st century. Since disasters are seen as a structure that must be dealt with all over the world, many models/cycles have been put forward for its solution. The generally accepted main cycle is; risk and damage reduction, preparedness, response, recovery and reconstruction. The terms used in this cycle express what needs to be done before, during and after the disaster, but studies on which term is prioritized and why or where it should/should be included in the terminology are insufficient. Therefore, the aim of the study is to define the terms with their origins and definitions: "risk, risk assessment, hazard, threat, exposure, vulnerability, reduction, prevention, preparedness, risk management, disaster, catastrophe, response, recovery, crisis management”. The aim is to clearly reveal the etymological and semiological relationship between the terms and at what stage they should be used by examining them together. The Turkish origins of the terms to be examined were taken from Etimology Turkish, Nişanyan Sözlük, English origins from Online Etymology Dictionary and Merrıam-Webster. AFAD and UNDRR dictionaries have been taken as the basis for the definitions of terms, and many sources have been used for other definitions of meaning in the international literature. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that the origins of the terms in the disaster cycle and their meanings used today overlap.

References

  • AFAD. 2021. Açıklamalı Afet Yönetimi Terimleri Sözlüğü. https://www.afad.gov.tr/aciklamali-afet-yonetimi-terimleri-sozlugu (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • AS/NZS. (2009). Risk management – Principles and guidelines ISO 31000:2009. Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand ISO.
  • Etimoloji Türkçe. 2021. Türkçe Etimoloji Sözlüğü. https://www.etimolojiturkce.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • Etkin, D. 2015. Disaster Theory: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Concepts and Causes. Bos-ton: Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • FEMA, 2008. US Department of Homeland Security National Response Framework. Chapter. 2: Response Actions, 42. Available at http://www.fema.gov/pdf/emergency/nrf/nrf-core.pdf
  • IDNDR (International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction). 1994. Yokohama strategy and plan of action for a safer world.
  • https://www.preventionweb.net/files/8241_doc6841contenido1.pdf. Accessed 22 Jul 2020.
  • Liddell, H.G, Scott, R. 1996. A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Merriam-Webster. 2021. Dictionary by Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • Nişanyan Sözlük. 2021. Çağdaş Türkçe’nin Etimolojisi. https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:01 /04/ 2021).
  • Online Etymology Dictionary. 2021. Online Etymology Dictionary. https://www.etymonline.com/ (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • Quarantelli, E.L. 1996. “Just as Disaster is not Simply a Big Accident, So a Catastrophe is not Just a Bigger Disaster.” Journal of the American Society of Professional Emergency Planners 3:68-71.
  • Quarantelli, E.L. 2000. “Emergencies, Disasters, and Catastrophes are Different Phenomena.” in Preliminary Paper #304. Newark, DE: Disaster Research Center.
  • Rovins, J.E.; Wilson, T.M.; Hayes, J.; Jensen, S. J.; Dohaney, J., Mitchell, J.; Johnston, D.M.; Davies, A. 2015. Risk Assessment Handbook. GNS Science Miscellaneous Series, 84. 71p. UN. General Assembly, 1987. International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly. Volume 1, 15 September-21 December 1987. - A/42/49.
  • UNDRR. 2021. Terminology. https://www.undrr.org/terminology (Ziyaret tarihi:15 /04/ 2021).
  • UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2005. Hyogo fra-mework for action 2005–2015: Building the resilience of nations and communities to disas-ters. https://www.unisdr.org/files/1037_hyogoframeworkforactionenglish.pdf. Accessed 22 Jul 2020.
  • UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). 2015. Sendai fra-mework for disaster risk reduction 2015–2030. Geneva: UNISDR.
  • World Bank. (2014). Understanding Risk In An Evolving World: Emerging Best Practices in Natural Disaster Risk Assessment. Global Facility For Disaster Reduction And Recovery. Washington, DC: World Bank.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sümeyye Kahraman 0000-0003-1827-4520

Erkan Polat 0000-0001-8103-8753

Burak Korkmazyürek 0000-0002-9889-7199

Early Pub Date December 24, 2021
Publication Date December 24, 2021
Acceptance Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kahraman, S., Polat, E., & Korkmazyürek, B. (2021). Afet Yönetim Döngüsündeki Ana Terimler. Avrasya Terim Dergisi, 9(3), 7-14.



ISSN: 2147-7507 

Avrasya Terim Dergisi