Research Article

REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN.

Volume: 4 Number: 2 November 30, 2020
EN

REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN.

Abstract

This study was carried out for the revelation and determination of 3-Monochloropropan-1, 2 diol (MCPD) in bread from modern bakeries in Khartoum state, Sudan. Twenty five samples (25) of bread were collected from different modern bakeries of Khartoum, Khartoum Bahari and Omdurman, they include, round bread (13) samples and long bread (12) samples. The moisture content and oil content of samples were determined according to the AOAC method and the quantity of 3-MCPD by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was investigated. 3-MCPD exposure for individual by body weight per day for adults and children was estimated. Moisture content in round bread ranged from 31.7% to 35.7%, and in long bread from 28.2% to 33.6%. Oil content in round bread ranged from 0.7955% to 0.9894% and oil content in long bread from 0.7684% to 1.005%. 3-MCPD was detected in round bread and long bread with a concentration of 0.15493-1.05873ppm to 0.11334-0.59644ppm, respectively, which were lower than that of European Commission Scientific Committee for Food Standardization. Exposure of adults and children to 3- MCPD upon consumption of bread is estimated to be (0.015446-0.031277µg/kg)-(0.002397-0.014118µg/kg)-(0.018039-0.036528µg/kg) and (0.002799-0.016488µg/kg) for adult and children, respectively. These exposure levels do not constitute a health risk.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, Khartoum, Sudan with the research project number 130.

Project Number

130

Thanks

Authors thanks Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research, Khartoum, Sudan for their financial support

References

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  4. Breilling-Utzmann, C, M., Kobler, H., Herbolzheimer, D. 2003. 3-MCPD Occurrence in bread crust and various food groups as well as formation in long, Deut lebensm Rund Sch, 99: 280-285.
  5. Breitling-Utzmann, C. M., Hrenn H., Haase, N. U., Unbehend G. M. 2004. Influence of Dough Ingredients on 3-MCPD Formation in Long. Czech Journal of Food Science 22, 25-28.
  6. Crews A. C., Chiodini A., Granvogl, M., Hamle, T. C., Hrncirik, K., Kuhlmann, J., Lampen, A., Scholz G., Weishaar, R, Wenzl, T. 2013. Analytical Approaches for MCPD Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Food and Biological Samples: A Review and Future Perspectives, Food Additives Contaminants.30, 11–45.
  7. Divinova, V, Dolezal, M, Velisek, J. 2007. Free and bound 3-chloropropane-1, 2 diol in coffee surrogates and malts. Czech Journal of Food Science, 25: 39–47.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Food Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

November 30, 2020

Submission Date

November 4, 2020

Acceptance Date

December 7, 2020

Published in Issue

Year 2020 Volume: 4 Number: 2

APA
Marıod, A., & Idrıs, Y. (2020). REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology, 4(2), 70-81. https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK
AMA
1.Marıod A, Idrıs Y. REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. EJFST. 2020;4(2):70-81. https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK
Chicago
Marıod, Abdalbasit, and Yousıf Idrıs. 2020. “REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4 (2): 70-81. https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK.
EndNote
Marıod A, Idrıs Y (November 1, 2020) REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4 2 70–81.
IEEE
[1]A. Marıod and Y. Idrıs, “REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN”., EJFST, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 70–81, Nov. 2020, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK
ISNAD
Marıod, Abdalbasit - Idrıs, Yousıf. “REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4/2 (November 1, 2020): 70-81. https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK.
JAMA
1.Marıod A, Idrıs Y. REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. EJFST. 2020;4:70–81.
MLA
Marıod, Abdalbasit, and Yousıf Idrıs. “REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 4, no. 2, Nov. 2020, pp. 70-81, https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK.
Vancouver
1.Abdalbasit Marıod, Yousıf Idrıs. REVELATION AND DETERMINATION OF 3-MONOCHLOROPROPANE-1,2-DIOL (3-MCPD) IN BREAD FROM MODERN BAKERIES IN KHARTOUM STATE, SUDAN. EJFST [Internet]. 2020 Nov. 1;4(2):70-81. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA97CS72XK

Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology (EJFST)   e-ISSN: 2667-4890   Web: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ejfst   e-mail: foodsciencejournal@gmail.com