Review
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Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 24 - 33, 30.08.2020

Abstract

References

  • Agarwal A. & Prabakaran, S. A. 2005. Mechanism, measurement and prevention of oxidative stress in male reproductive physiology, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 43, 963-974.
  • Albani D., Polito L., Signorini A. & Forloni, G. 2010. Neuroprotective properties of resveratrol in different neurodegenerative disorders, Biofactors, 36, 370–376.
  • Aliev G., Obrenovich M. E., Reddy V. P., Shenk J. C., Moreira P. I., Nunomura A., Zhu X., Smith M. A. & Perry, G. 2008. Antioxidant therapy in Alzheimer's disease: theory and practice, Mini Rev Med Chem, 8(13), 1395-1406.
  • Aviram M. & Fuhrman, B. 2002. Wine flavonoids protect against LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 957, 146–161.
  • Bazzano L. A., He J. & Ogden, L. G. 2002. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in US adults: The first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, Am J Clin Nutr; 76, 93–99.
  • Beal, M. F. 2003. Mitochondria, oxidative damage, and inflammation in Parkinson's disease, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 991, 120-131.
  • Boothby L. A. & Doering, P. L. 2005. Vitamin C and vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease.Ann Pharmacother, 39(12), 2073-2080.
  • Brigelius-Flohe R. & Traber, M. G. 1999. Vitamin E: Function and metabolism. FASEB J, 13, 1145–1155.
  • Cody V., Middleton E. & Harborne, J. B. 1986. Plant Flavonoids in Biology and Medicine-Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Structure-activity Relationships, Alan R. Liss, New York.
  • Commenges D., Scotet V., Renaud S., Jacqmin-Gadda H., Barberger- Gateau P. & Dartigues, J. F. 2000. Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia.Eur J Epidemiol, 16(4), 357-363.
  • Dufor D., Pichette A., Mshvildadze V., Bradette-Hebert M., Lavoie S., Longtin A., Laprise C. & Legault, J. 2007. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of methanolic extracts from Ledum groenlandicum Retzius, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111, 22-28.
  • Engelhard Y. N., Gazer B. & Paran, E. 2006. Natural antioxidants from tomato extract reduce blood pressure in patients with grade-1 hypertension: A double-blind, placebocontrolled pilot study, Am Heart J, 151, 100.e1–100.e6.
  • Engelhart M. J., Geerlings M. I., Ruitenberg A., van Swieten J. C., Hofman A., Witteman J. C. & Breteler, M. M. 2002. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease, JAMA, 287(24), 3223-3229.
  • Foley D. J. & White, L. R. 2002. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease, J. Am. Med. Assoc, 287, 3261–3263.
  • Fydrych A., Moir R. D., Huang Y., Shi J., Rogers T. & Huang, X. 2008. Amyloid-targeted metal chelation, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-inflammations as potential alzheimer's therapies, Current Bioactive Compounds, 4(3), 140-149.
  • Gutzmann H. & Hadler, D. 1998. Sustained efficacy and safety of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: update on a 2-year double-blind multicentre study, J Neural Transm Suppl, 54, 301-310.
  • Gutzmann H., Kuhl K. P., Hadler D. & Rapp, M. A. 2002. Safety and efficacy of idebenone versus tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group multicentre study, Pharmacopsychiatry, 35(1), 12-18.
  • Hager K., Kenklies M., McAfoose J., Engel J. & Munch, G. 2007. Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer's disease--a 48 months followup analysis, J Neural Transm Suppl, (72), 189-193.
  • Hager K., Marahrens A., Kenklies M., Riederer P. & Munch, G. 2001. Alphalipoic acid as a new treatment option for Azheimer type dementia, Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 32(3), 275-282. Hennekens C. H., Buring J. E. & Manson, J. E. 1996. Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease, N Engl J Med, 334, 1145–1149.
  • Ishihara L. & Brayne, C. 2005. A systematic review of nutritional risk factors of Parkinson’s disease, Nutr. Res. Rev, 18, 259–282.
  • Jia X., McNeill G. & Avenell, A. 2008. Does taking vitamin, mineral and fatty acid supplements prevent cognitive decline? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, J Hum Nutr Diet, 21(4), 317-336.
  • Kagan V. E., Kisin E. R. & Kawai, K. 2002. Towards mechanismbased antioxidant interventions, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 959, 188-198.
  • Kalaria R. N., Maestre G. E., Arizaga R., Friedland R. P., Galasko D., Hall K., Luchsinger J. A., Ogunniyi A., Perry E. K., Potocnik F., Prince M., Stewart R., Wimo A., Zhang Z. X. & Antuono, P. 2008. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors, Lancet Neurol, 7(9), 812-826.
  • Knight, J. A. 2000. Review: Free radicals, antioxidants and the immune system, Ann Clin Lab Sci, 30, 145-58.
  • Lotito S. B. & Frei, B. 2006. Consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and increased plasma antioxidant capacity in humans: Cause, consequence, or epiphenomenon? Free Radic Biol Med, 41, 1727–1746.
  • Malouf R. & Areosa Sastre, A. 2003. Vitamin B12 for cognition.Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (3), CD004326.
  • Matés J. M., Pérez-Gómez C., Núñez de Castro I., Asenjo M. & Márquez, J. 2002. Glutamine and its relationship with intracellular redox status, oxidative stress and cell proliferation/death, Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol, 34, 439-58.
  • Matés J. M., Segura J. A., Alonso F. J. & Márquez, J. 2008. Intracellular redox status and oxidative stress: implications for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis, Arch. Toxicol, 82, 273-99.
  • Migliore L., Fontana I., Trippi, F., Colognato R., Coppede F., Tognoni G., Nucciarone B. & Siciliano, G. 2005. Oxidative DNA damage in peripheral leukocytes of mild cognitive impairment and AD patients.Neurobiol Aging, 26(5), 567-573.
  • Neményi A., Stefanovitsné-Bányai E., Pék Z., Hegedus A., Gyuricza C., Barócsi Z. & Helyes, L. 2015. Total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics content of phyllostachys taxa shoots, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 43(1), 64-69.
  • Nirmala C., Bisht M. S. & Laishram, M. 2014a. Bioactive compounds in bamboo shoots: Health benefits and prospects for developing functional foods, International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49(6), 1425–1431.
  • Nirmala C., Bisht M. S. & Sheena, H. 2011. Nutritional properties of bamboo shoots: potential and prospects for utilization as a health food, Comprehensive Review in Food Science and Food Safety, 10(3), 153-165.
  • Nunomura A., Perry G., Aliev G., Hirai K., Takeda A., Balraj E. K., Jones P. K., Ghanbari H., Wataya T., Shimohama S., Chiba S., Atwood C. S., Petersen R. B. & Smith, M. A. 2001. Oxidative damage is the earliest event in Alzheimer disease.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 60(8), 759-767.
  • Obrenovich M. E., Nair N. G., Beyaz A., Aliev G. & Reddy, V. P. 2010. The role of polyphenolic antioxidants in health, disease, and aging, Rejuvenation Res, 13, 631–43.
  • Oluwaseun A. A. & Ganiyu, O. 2008. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) from cocoa and cashew trees in Nigeria, African Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 3138-3142.
  • Packer L. & Ong, A. S. H. 1998. Biological Oxidants and Antioxidants:Molecular Mechanisms and Health Effects, AOCS Press, Champaign.
  • Perry G., Nunomura A., Hirai K., Zhu X., Perez M., Avila J., Castellani R. J., Atwood C. S., Aliev G., Sayre L. M., Takeda A. & Smith, M. A. 2002. Is oxidative damage the fundamental pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases?Free Radic Biol Med, 33(11),1475-1479.
  • Peters U., Poole C. & Arab, L. 2001. Does tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis, Am J Epidemiol, 154, 495–503.
  • Pham-Huy L. A., He H. & Pham-Huy, C. 2008. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health, International Journal of Biomedical Science, 4, 89-96.
  • Pourmorad F., Hosseinimehr S. J. & Shahabimajd, N. 2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants, African Journal of Biotechnology, 5,1142-1145.
  • Ried K., Frank O. R. & Stocks, N. P. 2009. Dark chocolate or tomato extract for prehypertension: A randomised controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med, 9, 22–33.
  • Ritchie C. W., Bush A. I., Mackinnon A., Macfarlane S., Mastwyk M., MacGregor L., Kiers L., Cherny R., Li Q. X., Tammer A., Carrington D., Mavros C., Volitakis I., Xilinas M., Ames D., Davis S., Beyreuther K., Tanzi R. E. & Masters, C. L. 2003. Metal-protein attenuation with iodochlorhydroxyquin (clioquinol) targeting Abeta amyloid deposition and toxicity in Alzheimer disease: a pilot phase 2 clinical trial, Arch Neurol, 60(12), 1685-1691.
  • Sano M., Ernesto C., Thomas R. G., Klauber M. R., Schafer K., Grundman M., Woodbury P., Growdon J., Cotman C. W., Pfeiffer E., Schneider L. S. & Thal, L. J. 1997. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, N Engl J Med, 336(17), 1216-1222.
  • Seet R. C., Lee C. Y., Lim E. C., Tan J. J., Quek A. M., Chong W. L., Looi W. F., Huang S. H., Wang H., Chan Y. H. & Halliwell, B. 2010. Oxidative damage in Parkinson disease: Measurement using accurate biomarkers, Free Radic Biol Med, 48(4), 560-566.
  • Sen S., Chakraborty R., De B. & Mazumder, J. 2009. Plants and phytochemicals for peptic ulcer: an overview, Pharmacognosy Reviews, 3, 270-279.
  • Shahidi F. & Zhong, Y. 2009. Antioxidants, polyphenols, and adipose inflammation. in: Adipose Tissue and Inflammation, Awad, A. B., Bradford, P. G. (Eds.), CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Inc., Boca Raton, 233–254.
  • Shi Q. T. & Yang, K. S. 1992. Study on relationship between nutrients in bamboo shoots and human health. Proceedings of the international symposium on industrial use of bamboo, International Tropical Timber Organization and Chinese Academy, Beijing, China, Bamboo and its Use, 338-346.
  • Siems W., Sommerburg O., Schild L., Augustin W., Langhans C. D. & Wiswedel, I. 2002. Beta-carotene cleavage products induce oxidative stress in vitro by impairing mitochondrial respiration. FASEB J, 16, 1289–1291.
  • Sies H., Stahl W. & Sundquist, A. R. 1992. Antioxidant function of vitamins, vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids, Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 669, 7-20.
  • Simpson E. P., Henry Y. K., Henkel J. S., Smith R. G. & Appel, S. H. 2004. Increased lipid peroxidation in sera of ALS patients: a potential biomarker of disease burden, Neurology, 62(10), 1758-1765.
  • Soobrattee M. A., Bahorun T. & Aruoma, O. I. 2006. Chemopreventive actions of polyphenolic compounds in cancer, Biofactors, 27, 19–35.
  • Stamler J., Liu K., Ruth K. J., Pryer J. & Greenland, P. 2002. Eight-year blood pressure change in middle-aged men: Relationship to multiple nutrients, Hypertension, 39, 1000–1006.
  • Thal L. J., Grundman M., Berg J., Ernstrom K., Margolin R., Pfeiffer E., Weiner M. F., Zamrini E. & Thomas, R. G. 2003. Idebenone treatment fails to slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.Neurology, 61(11), 1498-1502.
  • Tian Y., Jiang B., An L. & Bao, Y. 2007. Neuroprotective effect of catalpol against MPP+-induced oxidative stress in mesencephalic neurons, European Journal of Pharmacology, 568, 142-148.
  • Upritchard J. E., Sutherland W. H. & Mann, J. I. 2000. Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 23, 733–738.
  • Valko M., Leibfritz D., Moncol J., Cronin M. T. D., Mazur M. & Telser, J. 2007. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 39, 44–84.
  • Vinson J. A., Su X., Zubik L. & Bose, P. 2001. Phenol antioxidant quantity and quality in foods: fruits, J Agric Food Chem, 49, 5315–21.
  • Weyer G., Babej-Dolle R. M., Hadler D., Hofmann S. & Herrmann, W. M. 1997. A controlled study of 2 doses of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Neuropsychobiology, 36(2), 73-82.
  • Wolfe K., Wu X. & Liu, R. H. 2003. Antioxidant activity of apple peels, J Agric Food Chem, 51, 609–14.

Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects

Year 2020, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 24 - 33, 30.08.2020

Abstract

Antioxidants are those compounds that slow down autoxidation by hindering free radicals formation. Flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, and tocopherols are natural antioxidants that can cause scavenging of free radical, hinder autoxidation, and may act as a reductant. Bamboo shoots are considered as a major source of phenolic compounds. Vitamin C as a natural antioxidant, allegedly, decreases the chance of cardiovascular issues, arteriosclerosis, and a few shapes of cancer. Utilization of vitamin E benefits to avoid Alzheimer’s infection. Flavonoids as antioxidant used for treatment of cardiovascular illness. Antioxidant-based drugs are used for cure of illnesses like diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s illness, Parkinson’s infection, etc. Cancer preventing agents like polyphenols lower dangers of cancer, heart illness, hypertension, neurodegenerative illnesses, and stroke. The purpose of this review article is to give a summary of natural occurring antioxidants and their therapeutic effects.

References

  • Agarwal A. & Prabakaran, S. A. 2005. Mechanism, measurement and prevention of oxidative stress in male reproductive physiology, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 43, 963-974.
  • Albani D., Polito L., Signorini A. & Forloni, G. 2010. Neuroprotective properties of resveratrol in different neurodegenerative disorders, Biofactors, 36, 370–376.
  • Aliev G., Obrenovich M. E., Reddy V. P., Shenk J. C., Moreira P. I., Nunomura A., Zhu X., Smith M. A. & Perry, G. 2008. Antioxidant therapy in Alzheimer's disease: theory and practice, Mini Rev Med Chem, 8(13), 1395-1406.
  • Aviram M. & Fuhrman, B. 2002. Wine flavonoids protect against LDL oxidation and atherosclerosis, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 957, 146–161.
  • Bazzano L. A., He J. & Ogden, L. G. 2002. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in US adults: The first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, Am J Clin Nutr; 76, 93–99.
  • Beal, M. F. 2003. Mitochondria, oxidative damage, and inflammation in Parkinson's disease, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 991, 120-131.
  • Boothby L. A. & Doering, P. L. 2005. Vitamin C and vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease.Ann Pharmacother, 39(12), 2073-2080.
  • Brigelius-Flohe R. & Traber, M. G. 1999. Vitamin E: Function and metabolism. FASEB J, 13, 1145–1155.
  • Cody V., Middleton E. & Harborne, J. B. 1986. Plant Flavonoids in Biology and Medicine-Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Structure-activity Relationships, Alan R. Liss, New York.
  • Commenges D., Scotet V., Renaud S., Jacqmin-Gadda H., Barberger- Gateau P. & Dartigues, J. F. 2000. Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia.Eur J Epidemiol, 16(4), 357-363.
  • Dufor D., Pichette A., Mshvildadze V., Bradette-Hebert M., Lavoie S., Longtin A., Laprise C. & Legault, J. 2007. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of methanolic extracts from Ledum groenlandicum Retzius, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111, 22-28.
  • Engelhard Y. N., Gazer B. & Paran, E. 2006. Natural antioxidants from tomato extract reduce blood pressure in patients with grade-1 hypertension: A double-blind, placebocontrolled pilot study, Am Heart J, 151, 100.e1–100.e6.
  • Engelhart M. J., Geerlings M. I., Ruitenberg A., van Swieten J. C., Hofman A., Witteman J. C. & Breteler, M. M. 2002. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease, JAMA, 287(24), 3223-3229.
  • Foley D. J. & White, L. R. 2002. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease, J. Am. Med. Assoc, 287, 3261–3263.
  • Fydrych A., Moir R. D., Huang Y., Shi J., Rogers T. & Huang, X. 2008. Amyloid-targeted metal chelation, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-inflammations as potential alzheimer's therapies, Current Bioactive Compounds, 4(3), 140-149.
  • Gutzmann H. & Hadler, D. 1998. Sustained efficacy and safety of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: update on a 2-year double-blind multicentre study, J Neural Transm Suppl, 54, 301-310.
  • Gutzmann H., Kuhl K. P., Hadler D. & Rapp, M. A. 2002. Safety and efficacy of idebenone versus tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group multicentre study, Pharmacopsychiatry, 35(1), 12-18.
  • Hager K., Kenklies M., McAfoose J., Engel J. & Munch, G. 2007. Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer's disease--a 48 months followup analysis, J Neural Transm Suppl, (72), 189-193.
  • Hager K., Marahrens A., Kenklies M., Riederer P. & Munch, G. 2001. Alphalipoic acid as a new treatment option for Azheimer type dementia, Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 32(3), 275-282. Hennekens C. H., Buring J. E. & Manson, J. E. 1996. Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease, N Engl J Med, 334, 1145–1149.
  • Ishihara L. & Brayne, C. 2005. A systematic review of nutritional risk factors of Parkinson’s disease, Nutr. Res. Rev, 18, 259–282.
  • Jia X., McNeill G. & Avenell, A. 2008. Does taking vitamin, mineral and fatty acid supplements prevent cognitive decline? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials, J Hum Nutr Diet, 21(4), 317-336.
  • Kagan V. E., Kisin E. R. & Kawai, K. 2002. Towards mechanismbased antioxidant interventions, Ann N Y Acad Sci, 959, 188-198.
  • Kalaria R. N., Maestre G. E., Arizaga R., Friedland R. P., Galasko D., Hall K., Luchsinger J. A., Ogunniyi A., Perry E. K., Potocnik F., Prince M., Stewart R., Wimo A., Zhang Z. X. & Antuono, P. 2008. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors, Lancet Neurol, 7(9), 812-826.
  • Knight, J. A. 2000. Review: Free radicals, antioxidants and the immune system, Ann Clin Lab Sci, 30, 145-58.
  • Lotito S. B. & Frei, B. 2006. Consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and increased plasma antioxidant capacity in humans: Cause, consequence, or epiphenomenon? Free Radic Biol Med, 41, 1727–1746.
  • Malouf R. & Areosa Sastre, A. 2003. Vitamin B12 for cognition.Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (3), CD004326.
  • Matés J. M., Pérez-Gómez C., Núñez de Castro I., Asenjo M. & Márquez, J. 2002. Glutamine and its relationship with intracellular redox status, oxidative stress and cell proliferation/death, Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol, 34, 439-58.
  • Matés J. M., Segura J. A., Alonso F. J. & Márquez, J. 2008. Intracellular redox status and oxidative stress: implications for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis, Arch. Toxicol, 82, 273-99.
  • Migliore L., Fontana I., Trippi, F., Colognato R., Coppede F., Tognoni G., Nucciarone B. & Siciliano, G. 2005. Oxidative DNA damage in peripheral leukocytes of mild cognitive impairment and AD patients.Neurobiol Aging, 26(5), 567-573.
  • Neményi A., Stefanovitsné-Bányai E., Pék Z., Hegedus A., Gyuricza C., Barócsi Z. & Helyes, L. 2015. Total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics content of phyllostachys taxa shoots, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici, 43(1), 64-69.
  • Nirmala C., Bisht M. S. & Laishram, M. 2014a. Bioactive compounds in bamboo shoots: Health benefits and prospects for developing functional foods, International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 49(6), 1425–1431.
  • Nirmala C., Bisht M. S. & Sheena, H. 2011. Nutritional properties of bamboo shoots: potential and prospects for utilization as a health food, Comprehensive Review in Food Science and Food Safety, 10(3), 153-165.
  • Nunomura A., Perry G., Aliev G., Hirai K., Takeda A., Balraj E. K., Jones P. K., Ghanbari H., Wataya T., Shimohama S., Chiba S., Atwood C. S., Petersen R. B. & Smith, M. A. 2001. Oxidative damage is the earliest event in Alzheimer disease.J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 60(8), 759-767.
  • Obrenovich M. E., Nair N. G., Beyaz A., Aliev G. & Reddy, V. P. 2010. The role of polyphenolic antioxidants in health, disease, and aging, Rejuvenation Res, 13, 631–43.
  • Oluwaseun A. A. & Ganiyu, O. 2008. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) from cocoa and cashew trees in Nigeria, African Journal of Biotechnology, 7, 3138-3142.
  • Packer L. & Ong, A. S. H. 1998. Biological Oxidants and Antioxidants:Molecular Mechanisms and Health Effects, AOCS Press, Champaign.
  • Perry G., Nunomura A., Hirai K., Zhu X., Perez M., Avila J., Castellani R. J., Atwood C. S., Aliev G., Sayre L. M., Takeda A. & Smith, M. A. 2002. Is oxidative damage the fundamental pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases?Free Radic Biol Med, 33(11),1475-1479.
  • Peters U., Poole C. & Arab, L. 2001. Does tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis, Am J Epidemiol, 154, 495–503.
  • Pham-Huy L. A., He H. & Pham-Huy, C. 2008. Free radicals, antioxidants in disease and health, International Journal of Biomedical Science, 4, 89-96.
  • Pourmorad F., Hosseinimehr S. J. & Shahabimajd, N. 2006. Antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoid contents of some selected Iranian medicinal plants, African Journal of Biotechnology, 5,1142-1145.
  • Ried K., Frank O. R. & Stocks, N. P. 2009. Dark chocolate or tomato extract for prehypertension: A randomised controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med, 9, 22–33.
  • Ritchie C. W., Bush A. I., Mackinnon A., Macfarlane S., Mastwyk M., MacGregor L., Kiers L., Cherny R., Li Q. X., Tammer A., Carrington D., Mavros C., Volitakis I., Xilinas M., Ames D., Davis S., Beyreuther K., Tanzi R. E. & Masters, C. L. 2003. Metal-protein attenuation with iodochlorhydroxyquin (clioquinol) targeting Abeta amyloid deposition and toxicity in Alzheimer disease: a pilot phase 2 clinical trial, Arch Neurol, 60(12), 1685-1691.
  • Sano M., Ernesto C., Thomas R. G., Klauber M. R., Schafer K., Grundman M., Woodbury P., Growdon J., Cotman C. W., Pfeiffer E., Schneider L. S. & Thal, L. J. 1997. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, N Engl J Med, 336(17), 1216-1222.
  • Seet R. C., Lee C. Y., Lim E. C., Tan J. J., Quek A. M., Chong W. L., Looi W. F., Huang S. H., Wang H., Chan Y. H. & Halliwell, B. 2010. Oxidative damage in Parkinson disease: Measurement using accurate biomarkers, Free Radic Biol Med, 48(4), 560-566.
  • Sen S., Chakraborty R., De B. & Mazumder, J. 2009. Plants and phytochemicals for peptic ulcer: an overview, Pharmacognosy Reviews, 3, 270-279.
  • Shahidi F. & Zhong, Y. 2009. Antioxidants, polyphenols, and adipose inflammation. in: Adipose Tissue and Inflammation, Awad, A. B., Bradford, P. G. (Eds.), CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, Inc., Boca Raton, 233–254.
  • Shi Q. T. & Yang, K. S. 1992. Study on relationship between nutrients in bamboo shoots and human health. Proceedings of the international symposium on industrial use of bamboo, International Tropical Timber Organization and Chinese Academy, Beijing, China, Bamboo and its Use, 338-346.
  • Siems W., Sommerburg O., Schild L., Augustin W., Langhans C. D. & Wiswedel, I. 2002. Beta-carotene cleavage products induce oxidative stress in vitro by impairing mitochondrial respiration. FASEB J, 16, 1289–1291.
  • Sies H., Stahl W. & Sundquist, A. R. 1992. Antioxidant function of vitamins, vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids, Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 669, 7-20.
  • Simpson E. P., Henry Y. K., Henkel J. S., Smith R. G. & Appel, S. H. 2004. Increased lipid peroxidation in sera of ALS patients: a potential biomarker of disease burden, Neurology, 62(10), 1758-1765.
  • Soobrattee M. A., Bahorun T. & Aruoma, O. I. 2006. Chemopreventive actions of polyphenolic compounds in cancer, Biofactors, 27, 19–35.
  • Stamler J., Liu K., Ruth K. J., Pryer J. & Greenland, P. 2002. Eight-year blood pressure change in middle-aged men: Relationship to multiple nutrients, Hypertension, 39, 1000–1006.
  • Thal L. J., Grundman M., Berg J., Ernstrom K., Margolin R., Pfeiffer E., Weiner M. F., Zamrini E. & Thomas, R. G. 2003. Idebenone treatment fails to slow cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.Neurology, 61(11), 1498-1502.
  • Tian Y., Jiang B., An L. & Bao, Y. 2007. Neuroprotective effect of catalpol against MPP+-induced oxidative stress in mesencephalic neurons, European Journal of Pharmacology, 568, 142-148.
  • Upritchard J. E., Sutherland W. H. & Mann, J. I. 2000. Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 23, 733–738.
  • Valko M., Leibfritz D., Moncol J., Cronin M. T. D., Mazur M. & Telser, J. 2007. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease, The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 39, 44–84.
  • Vinson J. A., Su X., Zubik L. & Bose, P. 2001. Phenol antioxidant quantity and quality in foods: fruits, J Agric Food Chem, 49, 5315–21.
  • Weyer G., Babej-Dolle R. M., Hadler D., Hofmann S. & Herrmann, W. M. 1997. A controlled study of 2 doses of idebenone in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Neuropsychobiology, 36(2), 73-82.
  • Wolfe K., Wu X. & Liu, R. H. 2003. Antioxidant activity of apple peels, J Agric Food Chem, 51, 609–14.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Food Engineering
Journal Section Article
Authors

İlknur Uçak This is me 0000-0002-9701-0824

Maham Zahid

Publication Date August 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Uçak, İ., & Zahid, M. (2020). Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology, 4(1), 24-33.
AMA Uçak İ, Zahid M. Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects. EJFST. August 2020;4(1):24-33.
Chicago Uçak, İlknur, and Maham Zahid. “Natural Antioxidants and Therapeutic Effects”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (August 2020): 24-33.
EndNote Uçak İ, Zahid M (August 1, 2020) Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4 1 24–33.
IEEE İ. Uçak and M. Zahid, “Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects”, EJFST, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 24–33, 2020.
ISNAD Uçak, İlknur - Zahid, Maham. “Natural Antioxidants and Therapeutic Effects”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology 4/1 (August 2020), 24-33.
JAMA Uçak İ, Zahid M. Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects. EJFST. 2020;4:24–33.
MLA Uçak, İlknur and Maham Zahid. “Natural Antioxidants and Therapeutic Effects”. Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 4, no. 1, 2020, pp. 24-33.
Vancouver Uçak İ, Zahid M. Natural antioxidants and therapeutic effects. EJFST. 2020;4(1):24-33.

Eurasian Journal of Food Science and Technology (EJFST)   e-ISSN: 2667-4890   Web: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ejfst   e-mail: foodsciencejournal@gmail.com