Effectiveness of Home Exercise Program in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Abstract

To investigate effects of home exercise program including isotonic, isometric and joint range of motion (ROM) exercises on pain, functional capacity and quality of life in knee OA patients. Seventy-five patients with knee OA were included into the study. Patients were exposed to home exercise program including 8-week active ROM, and isometric and isotonic exercises for quadriceps and hamstrings. In patients, severity of pain, functional capacity, severity of disease and quality of life were assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), Lequesne\'s knee severity index (LSI) and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) on admission, at the end of and 12th week after the treatment, respectively. At the end of 8th week, of 75 patients, 52 were determined to perform home exercise program regularly. At the end of treatment for 52 patients with knee OA, a significant improvement was seen in physical function, bodily pain and social functioning scores among subscales of SF-36, and VAS, WOMAC and LSI, compared to basal findings. The improvement also continued at 12th week after the treatment. Also, a marked amelioration was observed in role limitation physical, health perception, mental health, role limitation emotional and energy scores among subscales of SF-36, after completing exercise program; however, the amelioration disappared at 12th week after the teratment. Our findings indicate home exercise program increases functional level, decreases pain severity and improves quality of life. Therefore, physicians following-up patients with knee OA should take home exercise programs into consideration while planning treatment regimes.

Keywords

• knee osteoarthritis - home exercise program - pain - functional status - quality of life

Effectiveness of Home Exercise Program in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Öz

Diz osteoartritli (OA) hastalarda izotonik, izometrik ve eklem hareket açıklığı (EHA) egzersizlerinden oluşan ev programının ağrı, fonksiyonel kapasite ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini araştırmak. Diz OA tanısı alan 75 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastalara 8 hafta aktif EHA, kuadriseps ve hamstringler için izometrik ve izotonik egzersizlerden oluşan ev programı uygulandı. Hastalarda bazalde, tedavi bitiminde ve tedavi bittikten sonra 12 haftada Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) ile ağrı şiddeti, The Western Ontario and Mcmaster Universities Arthritis İndeks (WOMAC) ile fonksiyonel durum, Lequesne diz eklemi şiddet indeksi (LŞİ) ile hastalığın şiddeti, 36Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) ile yaşam kalitesi belirlendi. 8 haftanın sonundaDiz OA’li 75 hastanın 52’nin ev egzersiz programını düzenli uyguladığı tespit edildi. 52 diz OA’li hastanın tedavi bitiminde VAS, WOMAC, LŞİ ve SF-36 alt skorlarından fiziksel fonksiyon, ağrı ve sosyal fonksiyon skorlarında bazale göre belirgin düzelme mevcuttu ve bu düzelme azalmakla birlikte tedavi bittikten sonra 12 haftada da devam ediyordu. Yine hastalarda egzersiz programı bitiminde SF-36 alt skorlarından mental sağlık, emosyonel rol, fiziksel rol, genel sağlık ve vitalite skorlarında bazale göre belirgin düzelme mevcuttu, ancak bu düzelme tedavi bittikten sonra 12 haftada devam etmiyordu. Sonuçlarımız diz OA’li hastalarda ev egzersiz programının fonksiyonel düzeyi arttırdığı, ağrı düzeyini azalttığı ve yaşam kalitesini düzelttiğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle diz OA’li hastaları takip eden sağlık profesyonelleri tedavi planlarken ev egzersiz programlarını mutlaka gözönünde bulundurmalıdır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diz osteoartriti, ev egzersiz programı, ağrı, fonksiyonel durum, yaşam kalitesi

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