Aerobic Exercise Training and Incentive Spirometry Can Control Age-related respiratory muscles performance Changes in Elderly

Abstract

As aging occurs, the respiratory system undergoes a measurable decline in physiological functions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of walking exercise and incentive spirometry in controlling age related respiratory muscles function changes in elderly. Forty elderly subjects of both sexes their age ranged from 65 to 74 years and included into two equal groups; group (A) received walking exercise and incentive spirometery three times a week for 3 months, where group (B) received no physical therapy intervention. The mean values of VC, FEV1, MVV, PImax, PEmax and PEND were significantly increase in group (A), while changes in group (B) were not significant. Also; there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study. Application of breathing exercise with an incentive spirometer in addition to walking exercise can control age related respiratory muscles function changes in elderly.

Keywords

• Aerobic exercise, incentive spirometry, aging, respiratory muscles

Aerobic Exercise Training and Incentive Spirometry Can Control Age-related respiratory muscles performance Changes in Elderly

Öz

Yaşlanma süreci boyunca solunum sistemi fizyolojik fonksiyonlarında ölçülebilir bir azalma gözlenir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yaşlılarda yürüme egzersizi ve incentive spirometre nin yaşla ilişkili solunum kas fonksiyonları değişikliği üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesiydi. Yaşları 65 ile 74 arasında olan her iki cinsten 40 yaşlı denek iki eş gruba ayrıldı. Ggrup (A) 3 ay süresince haftada üç kez yürüme egzersizi ve incentive spirometry yaptırıldı. Grup (B) ye fizik tedavi girişimi yapılmadı. VC, FEV1, MVV, PImax, PEmax ve PEND için ortalama değerler grup (A) da anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti, grup (B) deki değişiklikler ise anlamlı değildi. Ayrıca her iki grup arasında çalışma sonucunda değerlerde anlamlı farklılık mevcuttu. Incentiv spirometre ile yaptırılan solunum egzersizi yürüme egzersizi ile birleştirildiğinde yaşlılarda yaş ile ilişkili olarak gelişen solunum kas fonksiyonu değişikliklerini kontrol edebilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aerobik egzersiz, incentiv spirometri, yaşlanma, solunum kasları

References

1. Janssens J. Aging of the Respiratory System: Impact on Pulmonary Function Tests and Adaptation to Exertion. Clin Chest Med 2005;26:469-84.
2. Maguire S, Slater B. Physiology of ageing. Anaesth Intensive Care 2010;11:290-2.
3. Betglumd D, Abbey D, Lebowitz M. Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in an elderly non smoking popula- tion. Chest 1999;115:49-59.
4. Delk K, Gevirtz R, tticks D. The effects of biofeedback assisted breathing retraining on lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis. Chest 1993;105:23-8.
5. Weindler J, Kiefer R. The efficacy of postoperative in- centive spirometry is influenced by the device –specific imposed work of breathing. Chest 2001;119:1858-264.
6. Normandin E, Mccusker C, Conners M. An evaluation of two approaches to exercise conditioning in pulmonary re- habilitation. Chest 2002;121:1085-91.
7. Clanton T, Diaz P. Clinical assessment of the respiratory muscles. Phys Ther 1995;75:983–95.
8. Larson J, Kim M. Reliability of maximal inspiratory pres- sure. Nurs Res 1987;36:317–9.

9. Fiz J, Romero P, Gomez R. Indices of respiratory muscle endurance in healthy subjects. Respiration 1998; 65: 21–7.
10. Larson J, Covey M, Berry J. Discontinuous incremental threshold loading test: measure of respiratory muscle endurance in patients with COPD. Chest 1999; 115: 60–7.
11. Harik-Khan R, Wise R, Fozard J. Determinants of maximal inspiratory pressure. The Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1459–64.
12. Bom A, Pinto A. Allergic respiratory diseases in the el- derly. Respiratory Medicine 1999;103:1614-22.
13. Davies G, Bolton C. Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology (Seventh Edition). Age-Related Changes in the Respiratory System 2010:97–100.
14. Watsford M, Murphy A, Pine M. The effects of ageing on respiratory muscle function and performance in older adults. J Sci Med Sport 2007;10: 36-44.
15. Igarashi I, Konishi A, Suwa K. The effects of incentive spi- rometery on pulmonary functions. Masui 1994;43:770-3.
16. Overend T, Anderson C, Luay D. The effect of incentive spirometry on postoperative pulmonary complications. Chest 2001;120:971-8.
17. Weiner P, Man A, Weiner M. The effect of incentive spi- rometer and inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function after lung resection. J Thoracic Cardiothoracic Surg 1997;113:552-7.
18. Weiner P, Magadle R, Yauay N. The cumulative effect of long acting branchodilators, exercise and inspiratory muscle training on the perception of dyspnea in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest 2000;118:672-8.
19. Donald M. Pulmonary rehabilitation. Chest 1998;113: 263S-8S.