Abstract
Abstract. Delirium is an encephalopathy characterized by disorientation, confusion, and short-term memory impairment. It can be caused by a variety of pharmaceuticals that includes clozapine. The etiology in clozapine cases includes anticholinergic effects and a neuroleptic malignant syndrome-like picture. The risk for a clozapine induced delirium is greater at high dosages, during dose increases, and with polypharmacy. Resolution follows clozapine dose reductions and/or medicine discontinuations.
Key words: Clozapine; clozapine-induced delirium; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; anticholinergic side effects; schizoaffective disorder
Keywords
Clozapine clozapine-induced delirium neuroleptic malignant syndrome anticholinergic side effects schizoaffective disorder
References
- Sanyal S, Van Tol HH. Review the role of dopamine D4 receptors in schizophrenia and antipsychotic ation. J Psychiatr Res 1997; 31: 219-232.
- Centorrino F, Albert MJ, Drago-Ferrante G, Koukopoulos AE, Berry JM, Baldessarini RJ. Delirium during clozapine treatment: incidence and associated risk factors. Pharmacopsychiatry 2003; 36: 156-160.
- Karagianis JL, Phillips LC, Hogan KP, LeDrew KK. Clozapine-associated neuroleptic malignant syndrome: two new cases and a review of the literature. Ann Pharmacother 1999; 33: 623-630.
- Shankar BR. Clozapine-induced delirium. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 20: 239-240.
- Benckhuijsen JA, Keet IP. Delirium on re-starting clozapine after a short break in treatment. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2007; 49: 661-665 (in Dutch).
- Szymanski S, Jody D, Leipzig R, Masiar S, Lieberman J. Anticholinergic delirium caused by retreatment with clozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 1752.
Abstract
References
- Sanyal S, Van Tol HH. Review the role of dopamine D4 receptors in schizophrenia and antipsychotic ation. J Psychiatr Res 1997; 31: 219-232.
- Centorrino F, Albert MJ, Drago-Ferrante G, Koukopoulos AE, Berry JM, Baldessarini RJ. Delirium during clozapine treatment: incidence and associated risk factors. Pharmacopsychiatry 2003; 36: 156-160.
- Karagianis JL, Phillips LC, Hogan KP, LeDrew KK. Clozapine-associated neuroleptic malignant syndrome: two new cases and a review of the literature. Ann Pharmacother 1999; 33: 623-630.
- Shankar BR. Clozapine-induced delirium. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2008; 20: 239-240.
- Benckhuijsen JA, Keet IP. Delirium on re-starting clozapine after a short break in treatment. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2007; 49: 661-665 (in Dutch).
- Szymanski S, Jody D, Leipzig R, Masiar S, Lieberman J. Anticholinergic delirium caused by retreatment with clozapine. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 1752.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 16, 2013 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2010 Volume: 15 Issue: 2 |